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MORFORD'S 
gHORT-^RIPfx VIBES' 

EUROPE JU1D ^MERICyV, 



NEW YORK 



MORFORD'S 



Short-Trip Guide 



TO 



AMERICA. 



(UNITED STA TES AND IX MINION OF CANADA.) 



By HENRY MORFORD, 

AUTHOR OF THE " SHORT-TRIP GUIDE TO EUROPE," " OVER-SEA, 



" PARIS IN *6; '' ETC. 



ETC. 



PHILADELPHIA : 

J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO 



NEW YORK: 
LEE, SHEPARD & DILLINGHAM. 

BOSTON: 1 ... 

LEE & SHEPARD. \ 

\ 

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WARD, LOCK & TYLER, PATERNOSTER ROW; 
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>/tf 



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Entered at Stationers' Hall, London — all rights reserved. 

Entered according to Act ol congress, in the year 1874, 

By HENRY MORFOliD, 

in the Office of the Librarian of *Jonsrresf». at Wv-hiusrton. D. O 



3 



lune* Sntton A Co., PrW it -«- <W Ubart^ «* N V 



fc 



f 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Cost and Time of Short American Trips 7 

Preparations for the Trip to America 17 

What to Do and Avoid on Shipboard 80 

Bell-Time at Sea 40 

New York Citt, Harbor and Suburbs 42 

Route No. 1.— Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada ... . 62 

" No. 2.— Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada 83 

" No. 3. — Northern — New York to Saratoga, Lake George. &c. 91 
No. 4.— Eastern — New York to Boston, by New Haven, 

Providence, &c 103 

'* No. 5.— Eastern— Boston to Portland and Canada 124 

" No. 6.— Northern and Eastern— Boston to White Mountains, 

&c 129 

•' No. 7. — Northern and Eastern— New York to White Moan- 
tains, &c . . 136 

No. 8. — Near Western— New York to Philadelphia 144 

No. 9.— Western and Southern — Philadelphia, to Baltimore, 

Washington and Richmond ; 162 

No. 9}£.— Special Virginian — Baltimore or Washington to 

Virginia Cities, Springs and Mountains 189 

'• ' No. 10.— South- Western— Richmond to Charleston, Savan- 
nah, New Orleans, &c 189J 

No. 11.— South Western— Washington or Richmond to Nash- 
ville and New Orleans 195 

" No. 12 —Western— New York or Philadelphia to Cincinnati 

and Chicago 197 

No. 13.— Western— New York to Chicago, Ac 206 

" No. 14.— Western— Cincinnati to Louisville, St. Louis and 

Chicago 217 

No. 15.— Northern and Western— Buffalo to Chicago, by Lake 

Shore 226 

" No. 16.— Northern— New York or Philadelphia to Coal and 

Oil Regions 228 

" No. 17.— Canadian and Western— Niagara to Detroit and 

Chicago 231 

" No. 18.— North Western— Chicago to St. Paul and Lake 

Superior 237 

No. 19.— Canadian— Niagara to Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal, 

Quebec, &c 241 

" No. 20.— Canadian— Niagara |o Toronto, Montreal and Que- 
bec, by Steamers 257 

No. 21.— Far Western— Chicago to Omaha, Salt Lake City 

and San Francisco 261 

Of* Route and Minor Places 277 

Distances, Time and Fares 804 

Steamship Lines and Banking Houses — 

American Hotels for Travellers ». — 

Reminders to Ramblers — » 



ADVERTISEMENT 

TO THE FOURTH EDITION. 

The preparation of the " Short-Trip Guide to America'' 
was induced by the practical success of the Guide to Europe, 
on the same plan, and the generally admitted want of some 
hand-book for tourists in America, fitted for pocket-use, and 
railway, carriage or steamer reading, by convenient size, 
clearness of type, and giving the data most ordinarily re- 
quired, while carefully avoiding tedious and unnecessary 
details. Such a book had long been regarded as a necessity, 
especially for 

1st. The very large and constantly-increasing body of Eng- 
lish-speaking people, principally from the British Islands, 
crossing the Atlantic for a short sojourn in the New World, 
and desirous of seeing the greatest possible variety of 
interesting places within a limited period without undue 
expenditure; and 

2nd. The only-less-numerous body of Americans wno 
have made but partial acquaintance with their own country, 
and who need intelligent guidance in the selection and 
traversing of the most attractive routes. 

After the publication of three editions, in 1872 and 1873, 
meeting with very flattering success and approval, and earn- 
ing the reputation of supplying the most compact and intelli- 
gible of all American guides, — the fourth edition, for 1874, Is 
now offered, with all the old popular features retained, and 
some new ones of peculiar importance added. 

It is especially desired to call attention to the "Special 
Virginian Tour," altogether unique as well as new, and the 
result of travel through that section in 1873; to the "Off- 
Route and Minor Index," valuable for finding places not on 
regular routes; to the very complete California Route and 
Tables; and to the Great American Round Toub, in 



ADVERTISEMENT. 

the succession following: New York to Philadelphia, 
Harrisburg, Altoona, Pittsburg, Columbus, Cincinnati, Indi- 
anapolis and St. Louis (see Route 13); St. Louis to 
Chicago; (see Route 14); Chicago to Omaha, Ogden, Salt 
Lake City, San Francisco, Lake Tahoe, the Big Trees, 
Yosemite Valley, etc. (see Route 21); return to Chicago, 
with option of visit to St. Paul, etc. ; Chicago to Detroit, 
the Western Canadian towns, and Niagara Falls (reverse 
Route 17); Niagara Falls to Hamilton, Toronto, Prescott, 
Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec and the Saguenay river (see 
Route 19); Quebec to Portland (Me.), the White Moun- 
tains, Boston, and other New England cities (see Routes 5 
and 6), and thus return to New York ; or, Portland, the 
White Mountains, Lake Champlain, Lake George, Saratoga, 
Catskill Mountains, and return to New York by the Hudson 
river (see Routes 1 and 3, reversed). Such a circuit literally 
embraces the most charming features of American travel, 
at a season when the Southern routes are unadvisable ; and 
the tourist who can afford time and money to make it in that 
succession, will wisely improve his opportunities. 

New York and London, 
May,, 1874 



The Short-Trip Guide to America, 



COST AND TIME OF SHORT AMERICAN TRIPS. 

Several important questions are involved, with 
Europeans, and especially with Englishmen, in the 
calculations preceding a trip to America: so that 
Wlietlier to go ? precedes the corresponding queries, 
How to go ? and Where to go ? The distance is 
known to be great, between the Old and New 
Worlds, though it is really only about one-eighth of 
that around the globe. 

With many men Time is the great object, and 
the want of it the great hindrance ; though they 
may annually spend quite as much of it as would 
be necessary for a Summer tour across the Atlantic, 
in lingering about home watering-places and sea- 
shore resorts, re-visiting the often-seen Lake Coun- 
try, the Welsh, Irish and Scottish Mountains, etc., 
or repeating old experiences on the Rhine, among 
the Swiss Alps or the Pyrenees. This, too, at a time 
when the great Continent of the West has been made 
so much more broadly accessible, and so much more 
closely linked to that of Europe, by the Pacific Rail- 
road, the Atlantic Cable, and other enterprises — 
when the late great civil war in the United States 



8 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

has necessarily left many fields worth visiting and 
relics worth gathering — and when steam-transit 
between the two Continents has become so rapid 
and reliable that the ocean-passage is little more 
than that of a ferry. This false idea of Time is, as 
already said, the bngbear which hinders many of 
those who have comparatively -liberal means and a 
fair proportion of leisure; but with a far greater 
number of those who love Nature in her varying 
mood's and wide differences, and who desire to see 
the different peoples of the world, at 7iome, — Money 
is the anxiety, the want of it the hindrance, and the 
belief that a mint is necessary for anything in the 
shape of transatlantic travel, the great bugbear which 
confines them to one continent. 

A large proportion of this is a mistake, originally 
induced by want of intelligent inquiry, and material- 
ly added to by the exaggerations, not to call them 
falsehoods, of some of those who have been over the 
desired routes. "While "going to America" was 
principally confined to the wealthy few or those 
driven by business demands, it was at once an easy 
and a tempting thing to do, to add to the supposed 
importance of what had been done, by overstating 
the cost as well as enlarging on the personal adven- 
ture and peril ; and, truth to say, the habit has not yet 
quite died out, now, when the many follow in the track 
of the few and detection is so much easier. Many a, 
man, of quite the average integrity, but who supplies 
(as he believes) the center at home of an admiring 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 9 

circle, not many members of which are likely to fol- 
low him abroad — cannot resist the temptation to 
show, when he returns, that he has been doing, in 
the way of cost, what they had better not attempt if 
they do not wish to fail miserably ; and it is just 
possible that there haye been members of the oppo- 
site sex, guilty of adding to the misunderstanding 
by corresponding exaggerations of their own eleva- 
tion above the untraveled and, consequently, the 
easily-deceived. 

Travelers tell " travelers' stories," in a pecuniary 
as well as an adventurous point of view : that is the 
truth, briefly stated; and those stories frighten away 
many who would else enlarge their knowledge of 
life by seeing other continents than their own. 

Now it is the fact that the European can spend 
much money in America, within a very brief period 
and without going over any wonderful space, if he 
will; just as in travels on the Continent, years ago, 
the average Englishman spent twice as much, under 
the same circumstances, as the man of any other 
nation, creating in different minds the impression 
of his being a "prince" and a "fool"' — until the 
American became first his rival and then his ad- 
mitted superior, in the detail of lavish and tasteless 
expenditure, and the Englishman who made any 
pretensions to common sense, taking a lesson from 
the example, comparatively abandoned the field of 
extravagance. The lavish and the reckless may still 
pave their very way with gold, if they will — as evi- 



10 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

denced by the fact that a certain well-known Eng- 
lishman, spending less than three months in the 
United States, drew upon his London bankers 
during his absence, for nearly £3,000 : the expend- 
iture all the more notable, because the tourist, a 
markedly free liver and entertainer, made no pur- 
chases of consequence for preservation, did not play, 
and never indulged in what are called the " costly 
vices." Others have followed, in different approxi- 
mations, ranging between £300 and £800 the month 
of absence; though it is to the credit of the national 
wisdom, to say that these instances of what must be 
considered wasteful expenditure for any one not in 
possession of a princely patrimony or a great bank- 
ing-house, are somewhat rare. 

So much for what may be spent in very brief 
tours, by those who can afford plenty of money, or 
think that they can do so : now for what may be 
saved, or rather for the question upon how little 
these brief tours may really be made, without dis- 
comfort or painful compromise of position. 

Even in the steerage, on some of the best-appoint- 
ed lines, passages may be made with much less dis- 
comfort than most stay-at-home people suppose ; and 
it is not at all certain that thousands of hardy per- 
sons, limited in means, who spend the requisite 
amounts of time and money on very questionable 
home-amusements, approaching to vices, might not 
do well to tempt a little rugged life in the forward 
parts of the ships that carry over their wealthy 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 11 

brothers in the saloon-cabins. For on the best 
lines the discomforts, inconveniences and unhealth- 
iness of steerage-passage have all been materially 
ameliorated within the past three or four years : the 
sleeping accommodations on many of them are en- 
durable if no more ; the food is almost always plen- 
tiful and generally excellent ; the amount of amuse- 
ment enjoyed is always greater than that attainable 
by the better-lodged people at the stern ; and the 
safety to person is necessarily the same except under 
circumstances of gross carelessness. 

Let us see, for the benefit of those very limited 
in means and still desirous to see a little fragment 
of the New World — what would be the absolute cost 
of doing what emigrants of both sexes and all coun- 
tries very often do for the sake of spending a few 
days with friends in the places of nativity. Say that 
six weeks' time is attainable, and let the cost of that 
six weeks be measured as carefully and yet as liber- 
ally as possible. 

Steerage passage to New York, £6 10s. — return, 
£6 10s.; total, £13. Time not on board ship, about 
three weeks ; board, for that time, average of £1 15s- 
per week, £5 5s. Expenses of sight-seeing about 
New York, Boston and Philadelphia, with convey- 
ance to each, during that period, £5. Occasional 
necessary conveyance, the feet being principally 
trusted to, £3. Incidental expenses, liberally cal- 
culated, £4. Total, £32. £10 to £12 more would 
enable the cheap tourist to visit Niagara Falls, 



12 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

greatest of American natural curiosities, and see at 
least one or two cities of the Queen's dominions in 
Canada. Grand total, with that included, £42 to 
£45, with a certainty that any economical person, 
in good health and temper, could come within the 
smaller sum named, and even reduce it, without 
other inconvenience than carefully adhering to the 
cheaper rates of conveyance corresponding to that of 
the ocean transit. 

How many comparatively-poor men are there with 
longing and hopeless desires after seeing other coun- 
tries than their own, who never make any calcula- 
tion or effort to such an end, and yet who could and 
would compass it if they fairly understood the com- 
parative trifle for which so much might be enjoyed! 

One of the greatest of American travelers, Mr. 
Bayard Taylor, made his first European excursion 
under circumstances quite as illiberal as anything 
here indicated — " did" Great Britain and a very con- 
siderable portion of the Continent on foot, except 
with rare instances of ridiug, and remained not less 
than six or seven months, his whole expenditure 
being only about $500 (say £105), and the fortunate 
result of his travel that successful volume " Views- 
a-foot; or, Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff." 
And it is very doubtful whether in any portion of 
his later experience, in all descriptions of traveling 
" state," up to that of Secretary of Legation at St. 
Petersburg, he has ever enjoyed his wanderings bet- 
ter than when making that first essay as a poor 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 13 

boy. As a pleasant pendant to which, the writer 
recalls having met, not many months ago, in the 
streets of New York, an English workman from 
Sheffield, spending a little of his moderate surplus- 
earnings in seeing what he called " a tidy bit of the 
New World," and one of the most intelligent of 
travelers on many subjects of interest and enquiry 
— whose expenditure, as given by himself, would 
not reach within ten per cent, of the figures above 
given, while he was healthy, happy and entirely 
comfortable in what his saving expenditure allowed 
him to secure and enjoy. 

But the figures already given represent, of course, 
the minimum possibility of travel in any desirable 
part of America, compatible with even the decencies 
of life, without too many of its comforts ; and, it is, 
equally of course, with that class of people standing 
midway between the possible steerage-passenger and 
the traveler en prince, that we have next and princi- 
pally to do. The most important question of this 
paper is — What need he the expenses and the time 
consumed for a certain round, of a traveler going 
first-class and demanding all the comforts, and yet 
indisposed to waste money on costly luxuries ? 

To answer that question, then, as intelligibly as 
may be consistent with brevity. 

For six to seven weeks' absence from home, visit- 
ing New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Washington, one or two of the most noted water- 
ing-places, Niagara Falls, and one or two of the cities 
of Canada — only 



14 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ticket to New York and return, £36 to £60— say 
an average of £48, for which all necessary comfort 
and quite sufficient " style" can be secured. Average 
board of the three weeks off-ship, £3 to £4 per week 
— say £10 10s. Traveling expenses, railway and 
carriage fares, etc. £30. Maps, pictures, curio- 
sities, etc., (not at all necessary, but inevitable), 
£10. Incidental expenses, for which no name can 
be given; money to guides, beggars, stewards and 
servants ; money lost and wasted, with an occasional 
indulgence in a luxury, not including costly wines 
or " society," gambling or other vices — £15. Total, 
£113 10s. £12 to £15 or possibly £18, may easily be 
saved from this, by a very careful person, leaving 
the expenditure about £100 ; and a person at all the 
reverse of careful may quite as easily add a corres- 
ponding sum, making the expenditure, with no 
greater amount of travel or sight-seeing, £125 tc 
£130. 

For ten weeks' absence, an estimate of £50 addi- 
tional may safely be made, bringing the total outlay 
up to say £160 10s ; and this will secure, in addition 
to the round already named, an extension of the 
tour through the White and Green Mountains of 
the north-east, with Saratoga, Lake George and 
Lake Winnepisaukie ; or it will add the great Coal 
Eegions of Pennsylvania, Cincinnati, and other 
cities of Ohio, with Chicago and glimpses of the 
Mississippi and the Great Lakes. 

For three months' (thirteen or fourteen weeks) 



COtiT AND TIME OF TRIPS. 15 

absence, another £50 may be added, bringing the 
amount up to say £200 or £210 ; and with this all 
the foregoing may be done, with the addition of the 
" North-TVest," now found in the States bordering 
the Upper Missouri, with the Lake Superior region, 
and a much more extended visit to the cities of 
Canada, and the natural curiosities of the Domin- 
ion; or, it will enable the tourist (if the season 
should be a proper one for Southern travel) to go 
southward from Washington to Eichmond, Charles- 
ton, Savannah and New Orleans, with their inter- 
mediate towns and a general view of what is 
technically known in the United States as " the 
South." 

Four months will add to this £50 to £60 of ex- 
penditure, bringing up the outlay to £260 or £280, 
and permitting the pursuance of some of the routes 
named, more at leisure, as well as the addition of 
others of the watering-places, if the visit is paid in 
the proper season. And within the same time may 
even be managed a run over the Pacific Railroad, to 
Salt Lake City, San Francisco, and the great natural 
curiosities of California, with a view of the Pacific 
— though five months would be a more rational cal- 
culation for the whole time of absence. With the 
California route added, the expenditure will be 
found materially increased from all the previous cal- 
culations — say £100 additional for that alone ; the 
amount necessary for the four-to-five-months trip, 
with the Pacific excursion crowning it, being some- 



16 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

where within the range from £360 to £380 or £400, 
and half of the continent travelled over in that time 
and at that cost. 

At this point the phrase " short-trip" may be 
said to be exhausted; for only people of liberal 
means and abundant leisure are likely to go far 
beyond in any one visit, and to them these calcula- 
tions possess only limited interest; though even 
they may find a certain advantage in bestowing that 
slight amount of study on the subject, necessary to 
secure a proper knowledge of time to be spent and 
money used to the best purpose. 



PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRIP TO AMERICA. 

The following paper, like some of the others to 
come after it, is especially intended for those who 
have never before crossed the Atlantic, and, conse- 
quently, some of the advice tendered in it may seem 
very primitive to those who have already taken 
their degree, however low a one, in the academy of 
traveling experience. The suggestion may prop- 
erly be added, however, that even some of those 
who have taken that degree may find themselves 
none the worse for reading over these hints, even if 
they do so to dissent from them. An apology may 
need to be made, too, for the direct and conversa- 
tional style adopted in this and some other papers : 
the aim of the writer is, in this regard, to come as 
near as possible to the words and manner that 
would be used in a personal conversation, with one 
of the parties doing much more than half of the 
talking. 

It may be proper, too, with reference to this paper 
and those, succeeding, to say that the writer speaks 
almost entirely from personal experience — and that 
where that experience has failed, it has been eked 
out, not often through the means of books, but 
from the personal hints and relations of frequent 
and experienced travelers. For himself, the writer, 



18 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE 

in repeated and extended travel on both continents, 
has made, first and last, nearly all the mistakes 
against which in the present instance he attempts 
to guard others, and felt the necessity for some in- 
struction like that which he now endeavors to im- 
part, on almost every point touched upon. So much 
said, the promise of the paper must be kept, in a 
brief but comprehensive list of rules connected with 
the preparation for transatlantic voyages, and es- 
pecially for those first voyages which more or less 
imitate Columbus. 

1st. Decide whether you can afford time and 
money to go at all, taking into consideration the 
before-urged opportunities for economy. Also, de- 
cide whether, in going, you leave too much of anx- 
iety, personal or pecuniary, for fair enjoyment ; for 
there is an old adage about the absentee who " drags 
with each remove a lengthening chain," and there 
are not charms enough, even in the natural scenery 
and odd character-studies of the New World, tc 
make such a trip " pay," when the heart or the busi- 
ness-powers must be left at home. So much decided, 
and in the affirmative, then 

2nd. Having made up your mind, stick to the 
resolution. Arrange your time of going and make 
everything work to accommodate that, hot leave 
that to accommodate itself to everything. Gener- 
ally, in this as in everything else in life, too long 
anticipation is not the healthiest or the most profit- 
able, and a voyage not canvassed over for five years 



PREPARATIONS. 19 

in advance is likely to yield more pleasure than one 
submitted to that length of speculation. Above all 
things never boast that you are going, when you 
have merely thought of going and made no definite 
decision ; as unpleasant consequences may often re- 
sult, in the event of the projected voyage being 
abandoned, and the suspicion may sometimes creep 
into the minds of acquaintances, either that there 
was "bounce" in the original statement, or that 
some heart-failure at the last moment has induced 
the abandonment. 

3d. Having resolved upon time of going and 
probable duration of trip, and selected the line of 
steamers by which the outward voyage is to. be 
made, do not permit the paltry folly of wishing to 
keep a certain n amber of pounds for a few days 
longer in pocket, to prevent the early taking of a 
passage. The best state-rooms of any favorite steam- 
ship are likely to be first taken up ; and even in the 
event of any unexpected hindrance occurring, there 
is rarely any difficulty in disposing of a well-located 
berth, while most of the companies, at any time be- 
fore the " eleventh hour," will transfer the passen- 
ger from one steamer to a later one, if a change of 
time is all the deviation from the original plan 
rendered necessary. 

4th. If suddenly-occurring events happen to 
have changed the calculation in the other direction, 
and the plan of going is formed almost at the very 
moment when some favorite steamer is about to 



20 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

sail, never heed the stories so likely to be told, that 
" the steamer is full and you cannot get a place ! " 
There is nearly always room for " one passenger 
more," as there is in most land -conveyances; and 
if the worst comes to the worst, it is a very rare case 
when some of the officers of the ship cannot he 
found ready to give up a room for the run, at the 
inducement of no-very-large addition to the price of 
the passage-ticket. These are suggestions for ex- 
treme cases, however: as before said, passage had 
much better be taken early, whenever possible, for 
reasons already stated or about to be. 

5th. In selecting berths, when a good opportu- 
nity for choice remains, always aim to get as near 
as possible to the midships of the vessel — a consid- 
eration of not much consequence to old voyagers 
with strong nerves, but of great importance to 
landsmen, as every foot of distance from the waist 
increases the amount of motion in a heavy sea ; and 
not only is the danger of sea-sickness less amid- 
ships, but the chances of having sleep broken by 
the " pitch " of a i ' head " or " following " sea are 
proportionably decreased when so located. The 
same principle applies, in a less degree, to the 
question of outside or inside rooms (those inside or 
outside of the alleyways). There is much less effect 
from the " roll," in a " beam " sea, for those occupy- 
ing inn£r berths; but there is always much less 
light for reading or any other purpose, and the one 
advantage will probahlv balance the other, except 



PREPARATIONS. 91 

in winter passages, when the inner rooms are alto- 
gether preferable. 

6th. No guide-book, until very lately, ever con- 
tained a hint of the advice to be embodied in this 
paragraph ; and yet there is no word of counsel, of 
the whole, more important. Unless that miserable 
being, a " man of letters," and thus compelled to be 
always reading — there are few intending voyagers, 
male or female, who will not be the better for a lit- 
tle "reading up" as to any country about to be 
visited. A fresh glance at the atlas, to see how the 
different sections lie and the relation which they 
bear to each other, is almost indispensable, even to 
some of us who natter ourselves (before we think 
the second time) that we learned our geography in 
early life, and have kept pretty well up with it ever 
since. This rule, as already hinted, applies to travel 
and to travelers in all countries, but to no other 
geographical division of the earth's surface with the 
same force as to the New "World, and especially to 
that covered by the great Eepublic of the West 
where change seems the rule, and where the altera- 
tions of boundaries and names, within the past few 
years, have been almost as startling as those effected 
in political status and society. Upon the relative 
positions of different States, the names of their 
capitals and chief cities, their rivers and natural 
wonders, and even their commercial and industrial 
features, it is exceedingly profitable to be as well as 
possible freshened in advance ; and the same remark 



22 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

obviously applies with equal force to the main facts 
of history and the more important points in estab- 
lished or current literature. And to the latter sug- 
gestion a few words of particulars may be added. 
Exactly as a man from the New World would find 
more than half his possible pleasure lacking, visit- 
iug Great Britain without possessing any compre- 
hensive knowledge of Shakspeare, Scott, Burns, 
Thackeray, Moore, Tennyson, etc., or France with 
no acquaintance with Eousseau, Voltaire, Lamartine, 
Beranger, Victor Hugo, Dumas, etc. — so the visitor 
from the Old World to the New must be lacking in 
many of the opportunities for observation, social 
life and popularity, who fails to know something of 
Cooper, Irving, Hawthorne, Longfellow, Whittier, 
and (especially for travel in the New England 
States) Holmes, Emerson and Lowell. 

7th. Another " rubbing up " is advisable though 
not absolutely indispensable. Thousands of ques- 
tions about native land, its physical appearance, 
wealth, working of government, industrial aspects, 
etc., are constantly asked of all persons on their 
travels, supposed to be of the average intelligence, 
by foreigners whom they chance to meet ; and it is 
decidedly pleasant as well as proper, not to be three 
or four thousand miles from home, unable to answer 
the simplest questions with reference to things oc- 
curring at our own doors. The more we know about 
our own land, the more intelligent and agreeable 
travelers we shall make ; and, in this connection, 



PREPARATIONS. 33 

8th. Throw overboard two false impressions, to- 
gether, before leaving Europe. Overboard with the 
idea, at once, that the land you are leaving is better 
than all others in every regard, so that nothing can 
be learned abroad: and with it give the go-by to 
the alternative impression that you have notning 
worth asserting and even boasting about, and that 
what you are to learn abroad will stand in place of 
the previous experience and pride of a life. Each 
of the leading European countries possesses, at this 
day, many things unequaled by the rest of the world 
and matters of legitimate pride to her citizens ; but 
she is almost equally sure to have errors and defi- 
ciencies which may well be corrected by observa- 
tions among other, if not necessarily wiser, people. 
Every tourist going abroad should carry with him 
all practical knowledge of his own land, and all 
well-founded pride in it ; and, at the same time, he 
should travel with eyes and ears open and power to 
divest himself of ridiculous national vain -glory pre- 
judicially shutting away all beyond. 

And now to a few minor particulars belonging to 
the very eve of starting, and still important enough 
to deserve place and number : 

9th. Start with a confident expectation of return- 
ing, and yet leave property-interests disposed of as 
if no return was likely to be made. There is really 
less danger, in a given number of days, in going 
over-sea than in most rail way- travel ; but absences 
thus involved are necessarilv much longer and de- 



24 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

mand additional forethought in at least one or two 
particulars. " No man dies the sooner for making 
his will," they say; and certainly no man travels 
less comfortably for leaving affairs at home in such 
a shape, that, if he does not return, his absence will 
cause the least possible inconvenience to those left 
behind. And, in this connection, again, 

10th. There is nothing wiser for the departing 
" family-man," whatever the status of those depend- 
ent upon him, than an investment in a moderate 
life-assurance, with an additional assurance against 
accident. Nothing of an earthly character (the re- 
ligious questions will naturally suggest themselves) 
adds more comfort in a storm at sea, or danger in 
some distant land, than the reflection that there 
would be, at least, one benefit from the risk ter- 
minating unfavorably : tlie dear ones at home would 
he pecuniarily tlie gainers by it. 

11th. Arrange baggage compactly, and not too 
extensively. For each person (male — the ladies 
will make rules for themselves, applying what hints 
may chance to suit them) — one stout leather or 
wood-and-leather trunk of 30 to 36 inches by 16 to 
20 inches, and one convenient valise for carrying in 
the hand, are always sufficient, for anything less 
than carrying over the whole personal effects with 
a view to residence. The trunk for deposit in the 
great cities, in the event of expecting to return 
along the same line — if not, unavoidably to be car- 
ried along. The valise for short excursions from 



PREPARATIONS. 25 

those great centers having this advantage — that it 
can be carried in the railway- carriage or cab, while 
the trunk must be looked after, with trouble and 
expense. Both trunk and valise should be plainly 
marked with name and residence — initials not al- 
ways enough for either safety or convenience. If 
the trunk is small enough for the sea- voyage to find 
place in the state room, all the better; if not, care 
must be taken that, before it goes into the hold, all 
articles are taken out from it that will be needed 
before landing on the other side. The valise will 
always find place in the state-room, of course. And 
this brings 

12th. The important question of Clothing, with 
reference to which a few general suggestions may 
be found valuable. The point of view here taken is 
especially for the male sex, but the female will find 
it easily varied to their requirements. For crossing 
the North Atlantic, to return in two or three months* 
the first requirement is a suit of thick clothes, so old 
and valueless that one can lounge upon the deck in 
them, with no fear of damage. (Dandyism is at a 
discount at sea — a lesson quickly and surely learn- 
ed). Clothing thick, because sea air is nearly always 
damp, and generally cold. Then as thick an over- 
coat and gloves as can well be procured, the use of 
which will become patent, either off the Irish coast 
or among the fogs and possible icebergs of the 
Banks of Newfoundland. A thick blanket, rug, or 
heavy robe, to make lounging upon deck the easier 



26 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and warmer. For summer travel in the Northern, 
Middle and Western States, or Canada, a neat travel- 
ing-suit of Melton, with one of flannel for proceed- 
ing further southward, and for very hot weather in 
even the States named. A summer-overcoat or 
wrap of waterproof Melton or aqua-scutum — not so 
regularly or often needed as in the British Islands, 
but indispensable. Heavy-wool under-clothing for 
sea-use, with courage enough to double it if neces- 
sary; for American hot weather, on land, lighter 
under-clothing of merino, silk, or zephyr. A dress- 
suit, if entrance into "society" is intended, or if 
there is plenty of room in the trunks ; as clothing 
is somewhat high in America, while exceptionally 
tasteful and well made — though, candidly, in hurried 
trips of this character, the traveling-suit is seldom 
shaken off. Figured or colored-wool overshirts, with 
high throat, collar and wrist-bands, for time at sea, or 
for any temporary rt camping-out" or "roughing-it" 
among woods or mountains. Plenty of linen and 
white goods, to avoid being at the mercy of the 
washerwoman at times of sudden transit, and be- 
cause all these, as well as all hosiery and under- 
clothing, cost more in the United States than in 
England. Stout-soled shoes — of calf, best. Low- 
crowned tourist-hat, of felt (dress-hat to be bought, 
if necessary) ; umbrella, of late years almost as in- 
dispensable on the western side of the Atlantic 
as the eastern ; a good opera-glass, necessary for 
catching views rapidly and correctly, both by sea 



PREPABATIONS. 27 

and land, and more convenient if not too large for 
the pocket and not necessitating the prononce strap. 

13th. Make such arrangements, if possible, that a 
little longer absence than that contemplated will not 
work serious business or other inconvenience, as the 
best calculator cannot always be quite sure of non- 
detention through some influence or action beyond 
himself. 

14th. Arrange (as before suggested) to take a lit- 
tle more money abroad than is supposed to be neces- 
sary for either time or distance ; but 

15th. Carry in actual money, (English gold, or 
Bank of England notes, with a trifle of silver) only 
so much as will pay expenses on ship-board and last 
during the few days that may happen to elapse be- 
fore reaching the point at which the first draft is 
made payable. All beyond this should be taken 
either in bills~of-exchange on bankers in one or 
more of the more important cities to be visited, or 
in circular letters-of-credit to corresponding houses 
in those cities. It is scarcely necessary to say that 
only the very first class of banking-houses, at home, 
should be dealt with, in procuring exchange or let- 
ters-of-credit, if the painful possibility of finding 
oneself abroad without funds, is to be avoided. 

16th, Take some letters of introduction, when 
tendered, and to the right persons ; but depend very 
little upon them, except in some business point of 
view. The fact is that, without any discourtesy to 
givers being intended, letters of introduction go for 



28 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

less in America and secure less consideration addi- 
tional to the deportment and standing of the bearer, 
than in any other part of the civilized globe : and 
they should be understood and rated accordingly. 
Added to which may be set down that in no other 
country is the best society of any given region so ac- 
cessible, the letter of introduction being thus render- 
ed little else than commercial or useless. 

17th. Avoid attempting to carryover, among bag- 
gage, anything that can be construed as beyond ne- 
cessary personal use, as the American administration 
of the customs, of late years, is stringent to oppres- 
siveness, and a misunderstanding on that point may 
be more easily avoided than removed. (Articles 
most watched for and guarded against are clothing, 
[new and in undue quantity,] silks, linens, laces, 
watches, jewelry and precious stones). 

18th. Create as little impression as possible, on the 
verge of departure, of feeling that some event, mov- 
ing half the world, is taking place in your first leaving 
your native land. A sea-voyage, now, no further 
than America, is about equivalent to a trip from 
London to Edinburgh or Dundee, fifteen years ago 
— and not much more than was the transit across 
the channel to France, at the distance back of thirty 
or fifty years ; and the observing world is generally 
coming to regard it in that light. 

19th. and last. If possible, go on board before the 
last moment of sailing, and have any heavy luggage 
on board even earlier. Also, if possible, make any 



PREPARATIONS. 29 

extended tender farewells earlier and elsewhere than 
on the crowded deck of a steamer, at the last mo- 
ment, when everybody is in the way of everybody 
else, when the officers naturally wish to throw over- 
board all the whiners, and when there is a probabil- 
ity of the grief of departure being added to by the 
worry of having wife, sister, child or friend tumbled 
into the river at the landing-stage or dropped over 
between tender and steamer as the two separate. 



WHAT TO DO AND AVOID ON SHIPBOARD. 

The advice in this paper, too, will be set down di- 
dactically, and much of it will be considered as very 
elementary by those who have once or oftener cross- 
ed the Atlantic. In the meantime, not even to some 
of them will the maxims be fonnd unprofitable, if 
attended to — judging by the very large number of 
habitual travelers who seem to happen upon the 
very conditions of discomfort and imprudence, as if 
seeking them. 

1st. Perhaps the first condition of comfort in a 
sea-voyage, is to avoid making up the mind as to 
any positive time at which the voyage must be con- 
cluded. To look across the three thousand miles of 
the Atlantic, and think over the days necessary to 
travel it, even on the swiftest vessel, is rather dis- 
couraging than the reverse, to people of rapid 
thought and active habit ; but by simply avoiding 
any definite calculation and considering the ship 
and her officers and crew as doing their " day's 
work," the amount of impatience may be very con- 
siderably reduced. Creeping ahead a little every 
day, the whole voyage will soon be accomplished : 
that is enough to know and enough to feel, no mat- 
ter what anxieties may be at the end. 

2d. Perhaps the next desideratum is to avoid any 



ON SHIPBOARD. 31 

considerable anxiety as to the voyage being a pros- 
perous one, by first remembering that more than an 
hundred runs are made without a single accident, 
and more than five hundred without the total loss 
of a vessel — and then falling back upon that pleas- 
ant recollection that you have not the affair in 
charge, any way — that (Providence over all, and al- 
ways to be remembered, of course,) the officers and 
crew of the ship have their duty to do and are very 
likely to do it, for the sake of their own lives and 
the property committed to their skill. It may be 
straining a point, perhaps, but there is really some 
philosophy in getting into the state of mind of 
the droll fellow who demonstrated to one of the 
"anxious," in a storm at sea, that, having paid their 
passage, and the company having consequently con- 
tracted to take them across, the question of the 
ship's foundering was really something with which 
they (the passengers) had nothing to do ! This may 
not have much reassured the frightened man, but it 
certainly silenced him; and there no doubt was 
more than a grain of earnest in the old traveler's 
philosophy of remembering that lie did not steer the 
ship, as there was undoubtedly comfortable indo- 
lence in it. 

3d. It is wise not to expect too much on ship- 
board, either in the way of luxury, or even of positive 
comfort. Ships, at the largest, are small as com- 
pared with hotels, and at the steadiest are " shaky," 
as compared to private dwellings, except when the 



32 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

latter have the rarity of earthquakes to throw them 
off the perpendicular. Plenty of good food, respect- 
able though confined sleeping-quarters, and attend- 
ance fair, but by no means that of a first-class hotel 
— these are all that ought to be expected ; and a very 
little philosophy makes them enough. It has before 
been said that " dandyism is at a discount, at sea ;" 
so is, or ought to be, finichiness. What if neither 
shaving, nor dressing, nor any of the other offices of 
civilized life, can be done quite as well as at home ? 
Nobody notices whether they are scrupulously per- 
formed, or not; and some of the neatest of men 
when on shore, when they have become old travel- 
ers, consent to be slovenly for those few days with- 
out serious suffering. The golden rule, on going to 
sea, is : Expect very little, and he prepared to hear 
good-humoredly with it; then, if "all the modern 
conveniences" should happen to prevent themselves, 
as is not at all likely, they will afford double en- 
joyment, and the want of them will not entail 
misery. 

4th. Determine to be as jolly as health will allow, 
and as companionable as is at all consistent with the 
temperament. Join in all practical harmless amuse- 
ments and exercises, with the result of making your 
own days less tedious, and producing the same 
effect on those of others. One jolly fellow, some- 
times, seems to leaven up a whole ship-load ; one or 
two glum faces act like a wet-blanket on all con- 
cerned. There is a comradery in sea-going, scarcely 



ON SHIPBOARD. 33 

second to that of the army ; and some of the pleas- 
antest friendships of j^ears originate on the deck 
filled with comparative strangers. Quoits, shovel- 
board, chess, draughts, backgammon, social games 
at cards, all these supply amusement to those who 
will take part in them ; and there is room for any 
amount of table sociability at meals, not marred but 
rather increased by the little accidents to which 
breakfasting or dining in rough weather is certainly 
subject. 

5th. Make friends, early, with the captain and 
other officers of the ship, so far as they will permit ; 
but take no liberties with them, and carefully avoid 
compromising any one of them who may have shown 
any peculiar favor, by speaking of it to others of the 
ship's company or passengers. Strictly observe those 
cardinal rules which forbid going upon the bridge, 
talking with the officers when on duty, or distract- 
ing the attention of the quarter-masters at the 
wheel. Avoid getting in the way of the officers at 
the compass, or hindering them when engaged in 
that most important event of the day — " taking an 
observation." Obey them, quietly and respectfully, 
when they give a direction calculated to secure your 
safety or prevent accident — even if the reason of the 
order should not be fully evident to a landsman. 
Don't inquire any oftener than is unavoidable, where 
the ship is at any particular moment, what a certain 
movement on deck means, what kind of weather it 
is going to be during the next twenty-four hours ; 



34 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and don't ask the men, when they are heaving the 
log, how many miles an hour the ship is going, or 
don't expect them to tell the truth if vou do ! Don't 
get in the way when hawsers are being overhauled 
or yards braced ; and don't wonder if, getting in the 
way when some evolution of hauling the ropes is 
going on, you occasionally trip and so learn what 
times and places are dangerous. Don't attempt to 
"help," at any time, except in the rare event of an 
accident ; and thus " keeping out of the way," with- 
out losing any chance of observation and enjoyment, 
secure the friendship of the officers, the respect of 
the crew, and the gratitude of all concerned. 

6th. Make friends with the stewards, at once, not 
only by treating them respectfully, but by speaking 
to the two in charge of your particular table and 
state-room — requesting their attention and prom- 
ising them the due douceur at the end of the voy- 
age. Half a sovereign each to the saloon and lower- 
saloon stewards, and say a crown to the "boots," 
with half-a-crown for beer to the captain of the 
watch who first " chalks" you when you break the 
rules of the ship by going forward, and perhaps half 
a dozen shillings to persons who do errands for you 
during the run — this, reaching not much more than 
thirty shillings altogether, is quite sufficient to 
grease the wheels of service and make welcome then 
and afterwards. 

7th. Avoid attempting to read much, at sea, 
however interest may tempt in that direction. There 



OK SHIPBOARD. 35 

is a motion and jar of the vessel, making the letters 
swim and damaging head and optic-nerves to a de- 
gree needing days for recovery. Some persons can 
read steadily, almost without injury; others cannot: 
it is never best to try the experiment when it can be 
avoided. And there is rarely much occasion : it is a 
poor passage-list in which more amusement cannot 
be found than in books, for the short period con- 
sumed in crossing the Atlantic. 

8th. Keep on deck, all that is possible. Half the 
charm of going to sea lies in the pure, fresh air/ 
except in very stormy weather. The air of lower- 
cabins and state-rooms is necessarily more or less 
confined, and consequently unhealthy ; while the 
healthiest atmosphere in the world comes fresh to 
the lungs from blue water. There is far less danger 
of sea-sickness, too, on deck than below, when actual 
illness does not enforce confinement to the berth ; 
and the thousand sights and sounds of sea-life — 
sunrises, sunsets, moonlight, storm-waves, whales, 
porpoise-shoals, passing vessels, observations, log and 
lead heaving, making and taking in sail, signalling, 
etc., are only to be enjoyed by those who keep the 
deck as persistently as possible. And this is even ad- 
ditionally true at times of leaving or making land ; 
approaching port, etc., opportunities for remark and 
study, lost during which periods, may be and prob- 
ably will be lost forever. 

9th. Dress warmly — quite as warmly as comfort 
demands, and err on the safe side if at all. Sea-air, 



36 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

though healthy, is damp and deceptive as to temper- 
ature. Never mind the appearance: put on the 
clothes. 

10th. Take much exercise. Want of occupation 
induces long sitting at table and hearty eating ; and 
the system must he a strong one which can endure 
this for days, without exercise, and yet suffer no in- 
jury. When there is not too much sea to make it 
possible, at least a mile or two should be walked 
every morniug and a corresponding space in the af- 
ternoon — the long cleared decks, or the alleyways, of 
most of the best steamers, rendering this amusement 
of exercise easy and convenient. 

11th. Aid the direction last named, by eating 
moderately as usual habits will allow — either by 
abridging the quantity of each meal, or by avoiding 
some of the number. Four meals per day are usually 
provided — breakfast, lunch, dinner and tea : very 
often, and especially when there is any tendency to 
inactivity of the system, and fever, two of the four 
may be profitably omitted. 

12th. Put confidence in the ship : believe, for the 
time being, that the ship is the best afloat. If you 
go down into the fire-room (which, by the way, is 
quite as well kept out of), don't fall into the fancy 
that so large a mass of fire in the midst of a vessel 
must inevitably burn her : vessels are especially con- 
structed to guard against that danger, and iron does 
not take fire easily. Don't be alarmed at the noises 
continually coming from the fire-room, or think that 



ON SHIPBOARD. 37 

some calamity has happened there : firemen are nor- 
mally noisy as well as grimy, and they need to 
speak loudly to make themselves heard. Don't 
fancy, in short, that everything will go wrong unless 
you attend to it, except in one particular ; and that 
is, 

13th. Join the fire-police of the ship, and stick to 
the organization. Take no combustible materials 
below in your baggage — neither matches or danger- 
ous chemicals; take no light of any kind below the 
decks, for better reason than because there is a 
severe punishment for any proceeding of the kind — 
the all-powerful reason that such an act may destroy 
your own life and the lives of others. On this point, 
watch your own conduct and that of others, and no 
harm is likely to result from the close surveillance ; 
though any discovery made should always be com- 
municated quietly to some person in charge, and not 
shouted through the ship so as to create a panic 
among the passengers. 

14th. Never go forward when the ship is pitching 
into a heavy sea : there is always danger of injury, in 
such an experiment by a landsman, and very often of 
being swept overboard, at times when even sailors can 
scarcely keep footing on the wet and slippery decks. 
Never stand at or very near the taffrail (extreme 
stern) in correspondingly heavy weather, as there is 
always danger of the ship "jumping out from under 
you" — an accident which sometimes happens to ex- 
perienced seamen who stand unguardedly in that 



38 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

dangerous position. Never climb upon the bul- 
warks, however calm the sea ; for there is no know- 
ing at what moment there may he one roll — enough 
to finish the individual voyage very unpleasantly. 

15th. Never attempt to go up or down one of the 
companion-ways (stairs), or along one of the gang- 
ways, or the decks, when the sea is heavy, without 
making as much use of the hands as the feet — hold- 
ing on firmly to the nearest convenient rail. Broken 
ribs or limbs are sometimes the consequence of for^ 
getfulness or bravado, on this point. 

16th. In the event of illness (other than sea-sick-, 
ness), don't take nostrums, or trust to anything in 
your private " medicine-chest." There is always 
one surgeon, or more, on each ship; they are paid 
for attending to the health of passengers, without 
charge except for costly medicine ; they are partic- 
ularly familiar with the treatment prudent at sea ; 
and it is very often the case that medicines upon 
which dependence can be placed when on the more 
stable element, prove injurious in the abnormal con- 
dition of never being entirely quiet. 

17th. If sea-sick, don't fancy the disease is a mor- 
tal one. Few people die of it, though many (it is to 
be feared) are rendered vastly uncomfortable. Keep 
the bravest heart and the strongest determination 
possible, against the great foe ; and above all, do 
not join the noble army of those who ask to be mer- 
cifully " thrown overboard " as a means of escaping 
the torture. Nobody dares obey the request — not 



ON SHIPBOARD. 39 

even your worst enemy, who wishes that he could ; 
and if it should be obeyed, the chances are ten to 
one that before you had gone down ten fathoms in 
blue water the cry might be a different one. 

18th. Berths, in sea-going ships, are mostly sin- 
gle ; and yet it is best, especially in heavy weather, 
to have a ted-fellow. This is easily found in the 
valise or well-filled carpet bag, which packed closely 
in against the side-board, the would-be sleeper lying 
on the side in the inner part of the berth, will gen- 
erally enable him to lie without rolling, even when 
the ship is doing her worst in that direction, and 
secure sleep when it would be otherwise impossible 
from the constantly- waking motion. An alternative 
arrangement of almost equal excellence in rough 
weather, though not always practicable — is to use a 
broad luggage-strap, fastened to any stanchion at 
the back of the berth and then buckled around the 
breast of the would-be sleeper. 

19th — and more important than any of the pre- 
ceding. Kemember, oftener than when the service 
is read on Sabbath morning, that there is a Hand 
wiser and stronger than that of any officer of the 
ship, ruling not only the vessel, but the waves upon 
which she rides and the winds and other elements 
which may place her in peril. 



BELL-TIME AT SEA. 

Passengers by any of the transatlantic steam- 
ers, or on any other extended route involving the 
continual change of longitude, should never risk in- 
juring their time pieces by setting them slower or 
faster, but quietly allow them to run down imme- 
diately after starting, and keep them in that condi- 
tion, though carrying them in the ordinary upright 
position, until the end of the voyage. They will be 
obliged, meanwhile, to depend upon the ship's bell, 
with occasional glimpses of the saloon-clock, for the 
requisite knowledge of the flight of time during 
each day, to prevent a mental vacuum on that sub- 
ject, and enable them to make proper preparation 
for meals. 

A little experience of the use of the bell, however, 
is necessary for putting this advice into ready prac- 
tice ; and the following brief table of "bell-time at 
sea" will be found worth an hour or two of study, to 
that end; one fact being always borne in mind: 
that the farther eastward the faster the time, and, 
the farther westward, the slower ; so that a steamer 
of ordinary speed loses about half an hour per day 
of the running time with which she is charged, in 
going eastward, and gains a corresponding amount 
of time in going westward. 



BELL TIME A T SEA. 



41 



Commencing the day at sea, with the half-hour 
succeeding midnight, the following explanation of 
the "bells" (t. e., strokes of the bell) will be found 
easily understood and quite sufficient for practical 
use, if one aid to the memory is employed — the recol- 
lection that the odd numbers of strokes are always 
half-hours, that the even numbers are always hours, 
and that those hours which can be divided by 4 are 
always represented by numbers which can also be di- 
vided by 4. 



1 "bell X o'clock, a.m. 

2 bells 

3 " .... 

4 " .... 

5 " .... 



bell 
bells 



bell 
bells 



1 

IK 

2 

^K 
3 

3K 
4 

4% 
5 

5K 
6 

6K 

7 

7K 
8 

8K 
9 

10 

iok 
11 

UK 
12 



1 bell % o'clock, p.m. 



2 bells 
3 

4 
5 
6 



bell 



1 

IK 
2 

2K 
3 

3K 
4 

4y 2 

5 

?K 

6 

6K 



2 bells 7 

3 " 7J4 

4 " 8 

1 bell 8% 

2 bells 9 

3 " .... 

4 '.' 

5 " .... 



9H 
10 

iok 

11 

UK 

12 midnight. 



* From 4 p. m. to 8 p. m. instead of presenting an unbroken succes 
sion of hells from 1 to 8, is divided into two "Dog Watches" — 4 to 6 
("■first dog-watch') and 6 to 8 ("second dog- watch") — in order to pre- 
vent the larboard and starboard watches of sailors being on duty 
during the same hours, one day after another — as they would be if they 
were continually and only changed once every four hours. 



NEW YORK CITY, HARBOR AND SUBURBS. 

APPROACH AND HARBOR. 

Land is generally made, approaching the harbor of 
New York, from any vessel coming down the "Great 
Circle," at some point on the Long Island coast, at star- 
board or right of the ship ; and the time may be any- 
where from four to ten hours (in clear weather) before 
crossing the bar at Sandy Hook, the entrance of the 
Lower Bay of New York. After first sighting, this 
land will keep in sight — low and uninteresting, the 
course of the vessel being nearly parallel with the shore, 
and at a few miles distance. Pilots are taken on board 
from small schooners, at distances varying from a few 
miles from the coast to two or even three hundred — as 
disasters from want of pilotage off this port, many 
years ago, have induced much activity and competition, 
of late years. 

Two to three hours from Sandy Hook, for ships 
coming down the Long Island coast, and as a first 
sight for those crossing from the south, are made the 
Highlands of Navesink, fine bold headlands approach- 
ing the sea, and forming one point of the eastern coast 
of New Jersey. These hills show to excellent advan- 
tage on a nearer approach, and are very imposing when 
the Bar at Sandy Hook is being crossed, two square- 
tower lighthouses showing on the Highlands, behind the 



NEW YORK CITY. 43 

! :>ng, low point of wooded sand forming the Hook, on 
which are to be seen one light-house and two beacons, 
with a formidable line of Government fortifications in 
progress > near the outer or northern end, very near to 
which the ship necessarily passes the channel. 

Passing the Bar and running up the Lower Bay, the 
New Jersey Highlands continue ahead and to the left, 
sloping away towards Long Branch a few miles south- 
ward ; on the right continues Long Island, with the 
still lower and sandier Coney Island adjoining it in 
front ; still ahead and to the left rise the hills of Stolen 
Island, with an opening between it and Long Island 
marking the Narrows, through which entrance is made 
from the Lower or Raritan Bay into the Upper or Bay 
of New York proper. 

At the left, four or five miles below the Narrows, *is 
passed (if there is no occasion to make its nearer 
acquaintance) the New York Quarantine — a range of 
low buildings on an artificial island built within the last 
few years on a shoal known as the West Bank of Romer. 
Passing the Narrows, the fine fortification to the right, 
on Long Island, is Fort Hamilton, with the ruins of the 
once celebrated Fort Lafayette standing in the water at 
some distance below it — while to the left rises the corre- 
sponding bluff of Staten Island, crowned with a light- 
house and fortifications, with a strong new structure, 
Fort Richmond, standing below at near the water's edge. 

The view of New York Bay, after passing the Nar- 
rows, is considered one of the finest of its character in 
the world, and should never be lost by the traveler 



44 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

enjoying the opportunity for the first time. On the 
right, passing up, will be observed the Long Island 
shore, handsomely shaded, and dotted with the residences 
of well-to-do citizens or suburbans ; and on the left 
Staten Island presents much higher ground, landings 
and thiiving villages near the shore, and the sides of the 
hills in like manner well shaded and dotted with tasteful 
residences. Some six miles above the Narrows, at the 
immediate right, the monuments of Greenwood Cemetery 
may be seen covering and crowning one of the Long 
Island hills near the shore ; still to the right, but ahead, 
the City of Brooklyn shows its many spires and wilder- 
ness of buildings ; immediately ahead rises Governor's 
Island, with its round fort, Castle William, and its long 
rapges of barracks and officers'-quarters ; and as Gover- 
nor's Island is passed, still directly ahead, the City of 
New York is seen, stretching right and left, from its 
lowest point at the Battery, up the East and North 
Rivers (Long Island Sound and the Hudson), each line 
showing a perfect forest of the masts of shipping, and 
the marked deficiency of commanding spires partially 
relieved by the nearness and grace of that of Trinity 
Church. 

From this point, which best reveals the splendor of 
New York Harbor, Brooklyn lies a little behind, at the 
right ; Staten Island has fallen away to a much greater 
distance behind and at the left ; the Hudson River 
stretches northward, immediately ahead, Long Island 
Sound branching away eastward at an acute angle ; the 
other two islands of the harbor, so far unnamed, Bedloe's 



NEW YORK CITY. 45 

and Ellis', lie at some distance to the left ; and behind 
them, to the left and ahead, on the west or New Jersey 
side of the river, may be prominently seen the towns of 
Jersey City and Hoboken, continual high lands rising up- 
river from the latter, along the Hudson, towards Fort 
Lee and the Palisades. 

It is also at this point that the traveler visiting the 
New World for the first time from the Old, will find one 
of the most marked of sensations in observing not only 
the immense variety of shipping and the flags of all 
nations at the wharves and in the stream, but the many 
particulars in which the American river and ferry craft 
differ from those of any other nation — the prevailing 
color being white, and both strength and grace often 
sacrificed to speed and temporary convenience. 

NEW YORK CITY AND BROOKLYN. 

As will already have been observed, the City of 
New York lies at the junction of the North or Hudson 
River and Long Island Sound (familiarly called the 
East River), having thus the best of opportunities for 
cleanliness and health, which are by no means always 
embraced with due diligence and faithfulness — the city 
being always ineffectually cleaned, in comparison with, 
the cost to the people, and often disgracefully dirty. In 
effect, Brooklyn, immediately opposite on the southeast, 
and connected with it by half-a-dozen or mpre well- 
managed steam-ferries, is a part of the same city, though 
lying in another county, and bearing a different name ; 
while nearly the same may be said of both Jersey City 



46 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and Hoboken, on the New Jersey shore, and reached m 
the same manner by ferry. 

Before proceeding to explore the city or suburbs f 
it should be noted that carriage-service in New York is 
very high and very bad ; cab-service better and improv- 
ing, though by nr means up to the European standard — 
so that the first should be almost entirely avoided, and 
the latter much oftener foregone in favor of the public 
conveyances than they would be in any city of the Old 
World. The ferries should be used freely, not only for 
necessary crossings, but as an additional means of study- 
ing the topography of the harbor, and the excellence of 
the system. For most directions the street horse-cars 
run regularly and well, and are comfortable, except at 
morning and evening hours, bringing too great crowds ; 
and, on Broadway, the omnibuses are available and 
respectable. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting is Broadway, which 
should be driven, in open carriage if convenient, from its 
commencement at the Battery (harbor-side) to its virtual 
termination at Union Square, many of the best commer- 
cial buildings being thus seen. Thence Fifth Avenue 
should be taken, to the Central Park, a view being thus 
caught of the finest fashionable street in America, and 
one of the handsomest in the world, though very irregular 
in architecture. Much of the leading fashion of the city 
may be found gathered in the streets running out from 
Fifth Avenue, from Fourteenth to Sixtieth streets — no- 
tably on Twenty-third, Forty-second and other wide 
streets. The Bowery may be noted as the people's or 



NEW YORK CITY. 47 

east-side Broadway. Greer wich street will be found fill- 
ing a somewhat similar position on the west side ; Third, 
Sixth and Eighth Avenues may be taken as fair types of 
prosperous commonalty and bustle ; West street (Hudson 
River side) will be found to supply a jam quite worthy of 
the Strand at its worst hours ; and still further down 
town, Wall street, Broad and New streets command at- 
tention as the centers of the moneyed interest. In 
Brooklyn, the most notable streets are Montague and 
Clinton, for fashion ; Fulton, Court and Atlantic streets, 
Myrtle Avenue, &c, for business activity ; Third street, 
Union street, Fourth Avenue, &c, as drives ; Clinton, 
Washington, Bedford, Grand and other Avenues, for 
suburban beauty. 

Of Wharves, New York has never had any deserving 
the name, though a fine water-front is now presented 
at the Battery , and arrangements are in progress to sup- 
ply well-built docks along both rivers. Of Markets, the 
Washington, foot of Yesey street, Hudson river side, 
and the Fulton, foot of Fulton street, East River side, 
will be found among the best supplied in the world, 
though the buildings are very old and badly kept. 
Newer and better erections are the Metropolitan, foot of 
Thirty-fourth street, North River, and the Tompkins, 
Third avenue and Seventh street. Of Museums, none ex- 
cept that at Central Park, and the small but unique col- 
lection at Brooklyn Navy Yard. Of Libraries — the Astor, 
as yet only the nucleus of its purpose ; the Mercantile, for 
merchants ; the Society; and one or two minor ones of little 
consequence. Of Public Galleries, none but the somewhat 



48 830RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

extensive ones of the picture-dealers, Schaus, Broadway ; 
Knoedler, and Somerville, Fifth Avenue, &c.-, except 
during annual exhibitions of the Academy of Design ; 
though some arrangements are in progress for a perma. 
nent free gallery, of merit and importance, and the Private 
Galleries of Messrs. A. T. Stewart, John Taylor John- 
son, W« T. Blodgett, Aspinwall and others, are very cred- 
itable and sometimes exhibited to the public. Large 
collections of national and celebrity portraits are to be 
seen in the great photograph galleries of Brady and 
Fredericks, Broadway; Gurney, Fifth Avenue, &c. Of 
Hospitals, only the inconvenient Bellevue, at Twenty- 
sixth street and East Iliver, since the cruel demolition of 
the New York, Broadway and Duane street ; St. Luke's 
(a comparatively private benevolence) ; St. Vincent's, and 
one or two minor ones of little consequence. 

Of Educational Institutions and the structures con- 
nected, the following are most notable : Columbia Col- 
lege, (an institution of moderate age but reputation and 
usefulness, and with Law and Mining Schools attached) 
East Forty-ninth street ; New York University (colle- 
giate, but making no pretence to fill the European use of 
that word), Washington Square ; New York College 
(formerly the New York Free Academy), Twenty-third 
street and Lexington Avenue ; College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, East Twenty-third street and Fourth 
Avenue ; University Medical College, Worth street : 
Rutgers Female College, Fifth Avenue ; Union Theolo- 
gical Seminary, University Place ; New York Law In- 
stitute, Chambers street ; Protestant Episcopal Theologi- 



NEW TORE CITY. 49 

cdl Seminary, new Normal College, &c, &c. In con- 
nection with educational facilities it should be added, that 
the Common Schools of the City of New York are the 
best in the world, free to all, numerously attended, and 
worth observation by any visitor. 

Of Monuments, New York has as follows : In Central 
Park Shakspeare (statue), Humboldt, Schiller, &c. In 
Union Square, equestrian statue of Washington, by 
Browne, and statue of Lincoln. In Madison Square, 
monument obelisk to Gen. Worth. In Trinity Church- 
yard, Martyrs 1 Memorial (handsome Gothic structure in 
honor of revolutionary patriots who died on the prison- 
ships); monument to Captain Lawrence, who fell on the 
Chesapeake ; and horizontal slab over the remains of the 
heroine of the romance of the same name, Charlotte 
Temple. In St. Paul's Churchyard, shaft to Robert Em- 
mett, the Irish patriot ; monument to Gen. Montgomery ; 
one (back of church) to George Frederick Cooke, the 
actor. In Printing House Square, bronze statue of 
Franklin, presented to the Printers of New York by 
Capt. Albert De Groot. 

Of Antiquities, the city may be said to have literally 
none, the hand cf " improvement " having lately been 
very busy with the few remaining. The two most inter- 
esting old buildings existing, are the Old Walton House, 
Pearl street, most fashionable residence of the past cen- 
tury, now decayed ; and the Washington Hotel, Broadway 
and Battery Place, once the residence of Gen. Washing- 
ton, of Sir Guy Carlelon, &c. 

Of Churches few command any attention architectur- 



66 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ally, though there is no deficiency as to number. The 
two oldest are the North Dutch, Fulton and William 
streets, now about being demolished, and the Middle 
Dutch, used as a prison by the British during the War 
of the Revolution, and now the city Post Office — Nassau, 
Liberty and Cedar streets. St. PauVs, Broadway 
(where the pew of General Washington, when President, 
still remains), and St. John's, Varick street, best deserve 
present notice, from age and unpretending grace ; and 
Trinity, Broadway, as the most respectable finished 
Gothic erection on the Continent — though St. Patricks 
Cathedral, Fifth Avenue and Fiftieth street, will event- 
ually dwarf it and all others. Those remaining, best re- 
paying visits of curiosity, are St. George's, Rutherford 
Place ; Grace Church, Broadway ; St. Paul's, and All 
Souls, Fourth Avenue ; St. Thomas', Fifth Avenue ; 
Holy Trinity, Madison Avenue ; St. Mark's (old) Stuyve- 
sant street ; the Tabernacle, Sixth Avenue ; St. Stephen's, 
Twenty-eighth street ; Dr. Chapin's, Fifth Avenue. In 
Brooklyn (named, from their numbers, the "City of 
Churches)", the most notable are the Holy Trinity and 
St. Ann's-on-the-Heights, both on Clinton street ; Dr 
Eddy's, Pierrepont street ; Church of the Pilgrim*, 
Henry street. 

Of Public Buildings the most interesting, from one 
cause or another, will be found the City Hall, City Hall 
Park (with a collection of civic and heroic portraits of 
some interest, in the " Governor's Room ") ; the New 
Court House (unfinished, but with many handsome rooms) 
same place ; the City Prison (" Tombs "), Centre street; 



NEW TORE CITY. 51 

the Custom House and Sub- Treasury, Wall street ; the 
Cooper Institute, junction of Third and Fourth Avenues ; 
the Bible House, opposite the preceding, above ; the 
Academy of Music, Fourteenth street ; the Academy 
of Design and Christian Association buildings, Fourth 
Avenue and Twenty-third street ; Booth's Theater, 
Twenty-third street ; the Grand Opera House, Eighth 
Avenue ; Tammany Hall, Fourteenth street ; the Cen- 
tral Police Station, Mulberry street ; Hudson River Rail- 
road Freight Depot, Hudson street (with colossal bronze of 
much oddity and a singular merit, on the principal front, 
in honor of Cornelius Yanderbilt) ; New Grand Cen- 
tral Depot of the Harlem, Hudson River and New 
Haven Railroads, Fourth Avenue and Forty-second 
street ; new Post Office (building), lower end of City 
Hall Park ; Methodist Book Concern, Broadway and 
Eleventh street ; Masonic Hall, (building), Twenty- 
third street and Sixth Avenue ; Stock Exchange (new) 
Broad street ; Produce Exchange, Whitehall street.. In 
Brooklyn, the City Hall and County Court House, 
Court and Fulton streets ; Academy of Music, Monta- 
gue street ; Mercantile Library, and Academy of De- 
sign (new) same street ; Atheneum Atlantic street, etc. 
New York has many Commercial Buildings of great 
cost and splendor — no other city in the world having 
more of what may be designated as " palaces," devoted 
to money or trade. The lead is taken among purely fi- 
nancial buildings, by the Park Bank, Broadway. No 
less than three structures devoted to Life Assurance com- 
mand much attention — those of the Equitable Society, at 
Broadway and Cedar street ; of the Mutual Company, 



52 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

Broadway and Liberty street; and of the New York 
Company, Broadway and Leonard street ; while the 
Western Union Telegraph building, Broadway and 
Dey street, the Drexel Banking House, Wall and 
Broad streets, the Bennett Bulding, Nassau, Fulton 
and Ann streets, and others command attention. The 
most prominent among what are known as the "business 
palaces/' are those of A. T. Stewart, Broadway and 
Chambers street, and Broadway and Ninth street ; of 
Lord & Taylor, Broadway and GJ-rand street, and Broad- 
way and Twentieth street ; of Arnold & Constable, 
Broadway and Nineteenth street ; of Tiffany, Union 
Square and Fifteenth street; of Ball & Black, Broadway 
and Prince street ; of the Waltham Watch Company, 
Bond street ; of Appletons, Broadway ; of Brooks Broth- 
ers, (old "Maison Doree") Union Square, &c. 

There are many Private Dwellings of great cost, splen- 
dor, and varying architectural taste, on Fifth Avenue and 
the more fashionable streets on Murray Hill ; the first 
among them being the recently completed palace of Mr. A. 
T. Stewart, at Fifth Avenue and Thirty-fourth street, of 
which the details, without and within, are of the most 
lavish magnificence, while the picture collection em- 
braces Church's "Niagara," Rosa Bonheur's " Horse 
Fair," Yvon's " America," Dubufe's " Prodigal Son," &c. 
Those of Mr. George Opdyke, Fifth Avenue and Forty- 
seventh street ; Mr. William M. Tweed, Fifth Avenue 
and Forty-third street ; Mr. Wm. H. Vanderbilt, Fifth 
Avenue and Fortieth street ; Messrs. Phelps, Dodge, and 
Phelps, Madison Avenue, Thirty-sixth and Thirty-seventh 
streets ; Sig. Barreda, Madison Avenue and Twenty-fifth 



mmW YORK CITY. 53 

street — all deserve attention for costly elegance. Of 
Club Houses, the three most prominent are the Union, 
Fifth Avenue ; the Union League, Madison Av<*nue ; and 
the Manhattan, Fifth Avenue. 

Of Hotel Buildings, (also Hotels) New York has 
many of great size and fine architecture ; prominent 
among them being the Gilsey House, Broadway and 
Twenty-ninth street ; the Fifth Avenue, Broadway and 
Twenty-fourth street ; the Grand Hotel, Broadway and 
Thirtieth street ; the St. Cloud, Broadway and Forty- 
second street ; the Metropolitan, Broadway and Prince 
street ; the Sturtevant, Broadway and Twenty-eight 
street ; the St. James, Broadway and Twenty-sixth street; 
the Westmoreland, Union Place ; the Coleman, Broad- 
way and Twenty-seventh street ; the Westminster, Irving 
Place ; the Grand Central, Broadway opposite Bond 
street ; the Everett House, Union Square ; the St, 
Nicholas, Broadway and Spring street ; the Astor House, 
Broadway and Vesey street ; the Brevoort, Fifth Ave-, 
nue ; the New York, Broadway and Fourth street ; 
Western and Merchants 1 (both mercantile) Cortlandt 
street ; &c. In Brooklyn, the Pierrepont House, Mon- 
tague street, and the Mansion House, Hicks street. 
Three Newspaper Offices of mark are to be noticed in 
New York, that of the Herald, at Broadway and Ann 
street ; and those of the Times and the Staats Zeitung, 
at Printing House Square. 

The principal Theaters of New York City proper are 
Wallaces, Broadway and Thirteenth street ; the Olym- 
pic, Broadway near Bleecker street ; Niblo's, Broadway 
near Prince street ; Booth's, Twenty-third street and 



54 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Sixth Avenue ; the Grand Opera House, Eighth 
Avenue and Twenty-third street; Dahfs Neiv Fifth 
Avenue, Twenty-eighth street, near Broadway ; the 
Lyceum, Fourteenth street; Broadway, Broadway 
and Waverly Place ; Wood's Museum, Broadway 
and Thirthieth street ; Union Square Theater, Union 
Square; and the Bowery, on the street of that name. 
Opera Houses, the Academy of Music, Fourteenth street, 
and occasionally the Grand Opera House. Ethiopian Min- 
strel House, Bryant 1 s Opera House, Twenty-third street. 
Brooklyn has several excellent places of amusement, in 
the Academy of Music, Montague street ; Brooklyn 
Theater, Washington street ; Park Theater, Fulton street, 
Hoolcy's Opera House, Court street, etc. 

Most popular Churches (for service) Trinity, Broad- 
way (Episcopalian) ; Grace, Broadway and Tenth street 
(Episcopalian) ; the Tabernacle, Sixth Avenue and 
Thirty-fourth street (Cong.) ; Dr. Chapin's, Fifth Ave- 
nue and Forty-fifth street (Univ.) ; St. Thomas 7 , Fifth Ave- 
nue (Epis.): Dr. Tyng's, Rutherford Place (Epis.) ; Fifth 
Avenue, Fifth Avenue and Nineteenth street (Pres.); 
St. Paul's, Fourth Avenue and Twenty second street 
(Methodist Epis.) ; and in Brooklyn, Plymouth (Rev. 
Henry Ward Beecher's) Orange street (Cong.) ; St 
Ann's-on-the-Heights and the Holy Trinity (Epis.) both 
on Clinton street ; First Baptist, Nassau street ; Dr. 
Talmadgeh Tabernacle, (lately destroyed). Present 
Catholic Cathedral, in New York, St. Patrick's, Mul- 
berry and Houston streets ; with other leading Catholic 
Churches, St. Stephen's, Twenty-eighth street near Third 
Avenue (Doted for fine music), and St. Francis Xavier's, 
Sixteenth street, near Fifth Avenue, 



NEW YORK CITY. 56 

Public Grounds — Central Park, (see "Excursions," 
following); Washington, Madison and Union Squares, 
and Battery and City Hall Parks, most of limited dimen- 
sions, but all assuming attractive shapes, and most of them 
being provided with music on certain evenings of the week, 
during the warm season ; and Jones 1 Wood, lying on the 
eastern side of the Island, on the river, opposite the lower 
end of the Central Park, with fine woods in and around, 
and famous as a place for great out-door gatherings, in- 
cluding the German and Irish festivals and the Scottish 
annual games ; Jerome Park, Westchester (also see " Ex- 
cursions"); and in Brooklyn, Prospect Park, (also see 
" Excursions n ) Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Lefferts 
Park, &c. 

Principal Ferries : To Brooklyn, from foot Fulton 
street, foot Wall street, foot Catharine street, Peck Slip, 
foot Whitehall street ; to Jersey City (and Cunard Docks, 
and Pennsylvania Railroad), foot Cortlandt street and 
foot Desbrosses street ; to Communipaw (and New 
Jersey Central Railroad), foot Liberty street; to Hobo- 
ken (and Bremen and Hamburg steamers, and Morris 
and Essex Railroad), foot Barclay street and foot Chris- 
topher street ; to Pavonia (and White Star steamships 
and Erie Railway), foot Chambers street and foot Twenty- 
third street ; to Staten Island, foot Whitehall street and 
foot Dey street; to Hunter 1 s Point (and Long Island 
Railroad), James Slip and foot Thirty-fourth street. 

Other objects of interest to those making longer so- 
journ : the East River Bridge, now building between 
New York and Brooklyn, and promising to be one of the 
master-works of its class in the world ; the Pneumatic 



56 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Tunnel, commencement of subterranean travel in tne 
city, to be seen at Broadway and Warren street ; Gov- 
ernor's Island, head-quarters of the military department; 
the Navy Yard, Brooklyn ; the Penal and Charitable 
Institutions on BlachweWs, RandalVs and Ward's Islands 
(under control of Commissioners of Charities and Correc- 
tion — building, Third Avenue and Eleventh street) ; and 
a variety of Asylums for Orphans and the afflicted. 

SUBUKBS, DEIVES AND EXCURSIONS. 

Of Drives and Short Excursions, (by carriage) the 
first favorite is that to the 

Central Park, a large and admirable public ground, 
occupying nearly the centre of the Island, extending in 
width from Fifth to Eighth Avenues, and in length from 
Fifty-ninth to One Hundred and Tenth street, handsome- 
ly laid out, shaded and ornamented, with fine roads and 
costly bridges, and lacking only age to be equal to any 
poblic ground in Europe. It has a Lake, with boats 
(service) ; a Museum, with Zoological collection and 
many other curiosities ; a Casino, on the European plan; 
Public Carriages, making the round of the Park at 
short intervals, for trifling fare ; Statues of Shakspeare, 
Humboldt, Schiller, Professor Morse, Sir Walter Scott, 
etc. ; statuary groups of the " Hunter and his Dog, n 
" Auld Lang Syne ;" and presents the feature of music 
by a fine band every Saturday afternoon during the warm 
season, attracting immense concourses of people. In connec- 
tion are also to be seen the Croton Receiving Reservoirs, 
alleged to be of size enough, aDd to contain water enough, 



NEW YORK CITY 57 

to float the navies of the world. [Central Park may also 
be reached from the City Hall, by horse-cars on the Belt 
railways (along either river), on the Third and Madison 
Avenues, Broadway, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Avenues.] 
Beyond, the drive by carriage is often and profitably ex- 
tended to the Harlem and Bloomingdale Roads, or to 
High Bridge, an aqueduct bridge over the Harlem river, 
of great height and solidity ; or to Jerome Park, new 
and handsome trotting and racing ground of the Ameri- 
can Jockey Club, beyond the Harlem River, in Westches- 
ter. Another scarcely less fashionable drive is to 

Prospect Park, the new but very handsome public 
ground of Brooklyn, which bids fair to rival if not to ex- 
cel the Central, has a Lake, a Dairy Cottage and Barn, 
a fine stretch of natural forest, an elevated drive with 
commanding view, statues of President Lincoln (at en- 
trance), Washmgton Irving, &c. Music by a fine band, 
Saturday afternoons. [May also be reached from New 
York by Fulton ferry and by horse-cars of Flatbush 
Avenue line.] Near Prospect Park is to be visited 

Greenwood Cemetery, one of the largest and hand- 
somest Cities of the Dead on the globe, with lakes, 
rising grounds, fine shades, costly monuments, and all the 
other melancholy attractions possible to be flung around 
places of burial. Among the leading features are the 
handsome sculptured Entrance Way ; the Firemen's, 
Pilots', Old Sea Captain's, Canda, Scribner, J. G-. Ben- 
nett and McDonald Clarke monuments ; the tombs of 
WiUiam E. Burton, the comedian, Lola Montez (with 
inscription, "Eliza Gilbert") Crawford Livingston, &c.» 



58 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the vaults of Stephen Whitney, William Niblo, &c. Most 
beautiful point, that at and around "Sylvan Water;" 
finest views, those from " Ocean Hill" and " Battle Hill." 
[May also be reached from New York by Fulton ferry 
and horse-cars of the Greenwood or Fifth Avenue lines.] 
Beyond Greenwood and Prospect Park, the same drive 
may be profitably extended to Prospect Park Race 
Course, and to 

Coney Island, fine sea-beach, with excellent bathing 
and somewhat miscellaneous attendance, and not too 
eclectic in its general character. [May also be reached 
from New York by Fulton ferry, and by Smith and Jay 
street horse-cars, or by either of the horse-car lines to 
Greenwood, thence by steam to the beach.] 

Other Short Excursions will be those to the Brooklyn 
Navy Yard, with extensive Dry Dock, Museum of marine 
curiosities, and much of general interest ; to Fort Hamil- 
ton, at the Narrows, junction of the Upper and Lower 
Bays, with fortifications and very fine sea-view [drive, or 
may be reached by Fulton or Hamilton ferry, and horse- 
cars] ; to Evergreen Cemetery, East New York [drive, 
or Fulton ferry and Fulton Avenue horse-cars] ; to Rock- 
away Beach [boat and railroad, from James Slip or 
Thirty-fourth street, and Hunter's Point; or, horse-cars 
to East New York, steam-cars to Ganarsie and boat to 
beach ; or, daily excursion boat from New York] ; 
to Hoboken, great base-ball and cricket grounds, and 
favorite German resort, across the Hudson, in New Jer- 
sey [ferry from Barclay street] ; to Bergen Point, [drive 
or horae-car from Jersey City, or train on New Jersey 
Central Railroad, from foot Liberty street] ; to Paterson 



NEW TORE CITY. 59 

and Passaic Falls [train on Erie Railway, foot Chambers 
or Twenty-third street : see route North by Erie Rail- 
way] ; to Newark, largest and most thriving city in New 
Jersey [train on New Jersey Railroad, foot of Cortland 
street ; or Newark and New York Railroad, foot Liberty 
street : see route New York to Philadelphia] ; to Eliza- 
beth, New Jersey [train on New Jersey railroad, foot 
Cortland street, or New Jersey Central, foot Liberty 
street] ; to Staten Island, (New Brighton and other pop- 
ular resorts) [ferries from Battery and from foot Dey 
street] ; &c. 

Longer Excursions of interest, conveniently made from 
New York, those to (1) 

Long Branch, great sea-shore resort on the New Jer- 
sey coast, with several miles of fine bluff, bold surf-bath- 
ing, admired sea-view, splendid drives and excursions, and 
an immense number of summer hotels, capable of accom- 
modating fifteen to twenty thousand visitors (among the 
principal the Ocean House, West End, Mansion House, 
United States, Metropolitan, Howland, Pavilion, &c), 
and a present popularity making it the most generally 
sought and notable place on the American sea coast. It 
supplies the summer residence of President Grant, and 
has many cottages of the wealthy. Near it are Eaton- 
town (with Monmouth Park Pace Ground in the imme- 
diate neighborhood), Bed Bank, Deal, and other villages 
of New Jersey. [Reached by boats of the New Jersey 
Southern Railroad, to Sandy Hook (with government 
fortifications and entrance to the Lower Bay); thence 
rail, by the Highlands of Navesink (fine elevation, with 



60 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

splendid sea-air and view, and summer-boarding place of 
merit and popularity — hotels, Thompson's, Schenclds,) Sea- 
bright, &c., [the whole distance within sight of the sea.] 
[From Long Branch railway connection to Freehold, and 
thence to Trenton and other cities of West New Jersey ; 
or train may be taken for Manchester, Tom's River, and 
towns of New Jersey further southward ; to Atlantic 
City or Philadelphia.] To (2) 

Lake Mahopac, pleasant and very popular minor 
watering-place, with handsome quiet wooded scenery, 
islands, fine boating, sailing, fishing and other attractions. 
Reached by Harlem Railroad, in a few hours, through 
the very fine scenery of that line, at the lower edge of 
the Hudson Highlands. Hotels, Gregory House, Baldwin 
House, &c. To (3) 

Schooley's Mountain, (Heath House) mineral springs 
and popular summer-resort, with fine air and charming 
scenery, in the minor mountains of New Jersey ; reached 
by 'the Morris and Essex Railroad, from foot of Barclay 
street, by Morristown, one of the handsomest towns and 
most popular residences in the State, to Hachettstown, 
whence short ride by stage-coach. Also, Buddls Lake, 
within a few miles of the preceding, and reached by same 
conveyances — with many attractions of boating, fishing, 
&c. Also, Lake Hopatcong, with similar attractions to 
the place last named, reached by the same railroad to 
Stanhope or Dover, thence carriage or boat to destina- 
tion. To (4) 

Delaware Water Gap, (Kittatinny House), lying, as 
the name indicates, at one of the finest passes of the Up- 



NEW YOBK CITY. 61 

per Delaware, through and among the mountains dividing 
Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and with superb mountain 
and river scenery, pure and healthful air, and much popu- 
larity as a place of summer resort. Has many features 
of especial woodland beauty, in Bebeccars Well, Venus 
Bath and Eureka Falls, views from Prospect Bock, Fox 
Hill, &c. [From the Water Gap, continuing by rail, 
may be reached Stroudsburg and the Lackawanna Coal 
Regions of Pennsylvania ; or, southward, Easton, Phila- 
delphia, &c] To (5) 

Greenport and Orient, minor watering-places at the 
east end of Long Island ; and to Jamaica and other 
places nearer. [Reached by Long Island Railroad.] Also, 
to Glen Gove, and other near places on that Island, by 
boat. To (6) 

West Point, by evening or morning boat or Hudson 
River railroad. (See route to West Point, Catskills, 
Albany, &c, Route No. 1.) 



ROUTE NO. 1 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO NIAGARA FALLS AND CANADA, BY 

HUDSON RIVER, NEW YORK CENTRAL 

RAILWAY AND CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

STEW YORK TO AND AT WEST POINT AND HUDSON 
HIGHLANDS. 

The transit from New York to West Point and the 
Highlands may be made in from two to four hours, 
by (1) Hudson River Eailroad to Garrison's, then 
ferry to West Point; or by (2) morning boat on the 
river, to West Point direct ; or (3) evening boat on 
the river, also direct. Either of the latter is prefer- 
able to the former, for reasons hereafter to be given. 

By Rail. 

Leaving New York by- rail, on Hudson Eiver 
Eailroad, the first object of special interest, except 
the high lands at and about Fort Washington, stud- 
ded with fine residences, — is the crossing from 
New York island to the mainland of Westchester, at 
Kingsbridge or Spuytenduyvel ; and on the oppo- 
site or western side of the river, commence, at about 
the same point, 



RO UTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 63 

The Palisades, immense almost perpendicular 
masses of rock, rising sheer from the river on that 
side, in shape suggesting the name, and continuing 
at various heights of hundreds of feet, for some ten 
miles, where they break away into rugged hills. 

Beyond Spuytenduyvel, the first place of impor- 
tance passed through is the handsome small town of 
Yonkers ; then Dobbs Ferry, with the long wharf of 
the Erie Eailway opposite, at Piermont, and a ferry 
between ; then Tarrytown (where the laying over of 
a train may be well compensated in visiting " Sunny- 
side," the late residence of Washington Irving, the 
Major Andre Monument, &c, in the immediate 
neighborhood) ; then Sing-Sing, with its strong 
State-prison buildings, and on the opposite bank of 
the river a view of the gorge running back to the 
celebrated Rockland Lake, from which so much of 
the best ice is derived. After leaving Sing-Sing, 
very soon is crossed the Groton River, from works 
on which and the lake of the same name, the New 
York supply of water is derived. Shortly after 
crossing the Oroton, a mass of rocks, rising conically 
and crowned with a light-house, on the other or 
west side of the river, marks Stony Point, cele- 
brated for the reckless courage displayed in its 
capture by Gen. Wayne, during the Eevolutionary 
War. The next stopping-place of importance is 
Peekskill, on leaving which the 

Highlands oe the Hudson are entered, pre- 
senting their heavy and picturesque masses on both 



64 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

sides of the river, and enchanting the eye with the 
continual changes, appearances and disappearances 
made inevitable by the course of the railway through 
them. The disembarkation from the railway is made 
at Garrison's Landing, whence ferry-boat and omni- 
bus to the Military Academy or one of the hotels at 
West Point. 

By Steamboat. 

Precisely the same features as those indicated by 
rail, will be enjoyed by boat, with the advantage of 
both sides of the river being seen in lieu of. one, and 
the additional escaping of the noise inevitable in 
riding by rail along rocky passes. When entering 
the Highlands, however, the advantage of the boat 
is even more manifest, as there is scarcely a river or 
lake approach in the world, so magnificent as that 
through the Highlands proper, from Peek skill to 
West Point — fine as any one point of the Rhine, 
and forcibly reminding the tourist of the middle 
and upper portions of Loch Lomond, approaching 
and above Inversnaid. It is from boat on the river, 
especially, that the alternating wild beauty aud rug- 
ged grandeur of the giants of the range, their feet at 
the very wacer's-edge, can best be appreciated. 

Morning boats, making this voyage, and then 
going on up the Hudson to Albany, leave New York 
every morning, at an early hour ; and evening boats, 
passing through the Highlands before nightfall, leave 
every afternoon. 

Disembarkation, from either, is made at Cozzens' 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 66 

or the Military Academy docks at West Point; 
thence to the hotels by omnibus. 

At and near West Point. 

One of the principal attractions at West Point, 
consists in the admirable views which can be enjoyed 
either from Cozzens\ the fashionable hotel and sum- 
mer resort, on the high cliffs below the Military 
Academy, the Parry House, in the same vicinity, or 
the West Point, above it, making quiet lounging a 
continued luxury. This is not true of one direction 
alone, but of all, the elevation being high and the 
reaches of the river, above and below, singularly 
beautiful. Of excursions, the most notable is to 

Old Fort Putnam, ruins, with some portions 
of solid wall remaining, lying on a hill westward 
from the Academy. This fort must always retain 
its interest, as the " Key of the Highlands'' during 
the Eevolutionary War, and the scene of Arnold's 
intended treason. The views from it, in all di- 
rections, too, are the very finest to be enjoyed in any 
portion of the Highlands. An early visit will, of 
course, be paid to the 

United States Military Academy, which gives the 
place its peculiar importance, and which ranks 
among the first of military institutions, with some 
features of severity attracting peculiar attention. 
[Information as to modes and forms of visit- 
ing, can always be obtained at the leading hotels.] 
In connection with the Academy comes the in- 
teresting spectacle, 



66 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE 

Parade of the Cadets (morning and evening)^ 
which should not be missed — the evening especially* 
by any who desire to see the perpendicular in car- 
riage, the angular in motion, and the sharp in disci- 
pline. 

Pleasant excursions may also be made to Butter- 
milk Falls, in the neighborhood ; and across the 
river to Gold Spring, and to the Robinson House, 
standing four or five miles south from it, where 
Arnold resided at the time of his treason. Near 
Cold Spring may also be seen Undercliff, residence of 
the late Gen. Geo. P. Morris, the poet 

Division B. 

WEST POINT TO AND AT THE CATSKILL MOUNTAINS, 

Northward from West Point, by steamboat on the 
way towards Albany, from the wharf; or rail from 
Garrison's Station, opposite. Assuming that the 
boat will be taken, and remembering that if pro- 
ceeding by rail the variation of scene will be very 
slight — the following will be the most important 
features, beyond West Point. Emerging from the 
Highlands proper, an*d passing "Cronest" and 
" Storm King," the largest hills of the range, 
and also Cornwall Landing on the left, with much 
beauty and picturesque scenery in the neighborhood 
(among other attractions, Idlewild, residence of the 
late N. P. Willis), and Fishfoill Landing on the 
right, is shortly reached, on the left, 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 67 

Newburgh, very slopingly situated on the high 
bank, with large river-trade, an important railway 
connection westward to the Erie road, and one 
feature of great importance on the bluff below: 
Washington's Head- Quarters, a revolutionary relic 
of prominence, with many reminders of the hero 
and the struggle still preserved. Above Newburgh, 
though the river is fine, there is no feature of 
marked interest, until, at the right, is reached 

Poughkeepsie, a large town with some pictur-. 
esqueness of location, and a triple distinction com- 
pounded of its heavy river-trade in agricultural 
products, the manufacture of ale, and the proximity 
of the noted Vassar Female College. 

Within a few miles after leaving Poughkeepsie, 
the rough scenery is supplemented and completed 
by the breaking into view, far ahead and to the left s 
of the 

Catshill Mountain Range, which thenceforth 
scarcely leaves the eye of the tourist until arrival 
— so graceful is the outline, and so beautifully blue 
the general aspect. Minor landings of Hyde Park, 
etc., are passed, to 

Rhineleck, on the right, where landing is made for 
Rondout and Kingston, on the opposite side (con- 
nection by ferry), and for 

The Overlook Mountain House, new but very pop. 
ular place of summer resort, at great height on the 
southern portion of the Catskills, and commanding 
a most magnificent view, especially eastward and 



68 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

southward. Also with many attractive features in 
the neighborhood, in the Devil's Kitchen, Cleft in the 
Bocks, Pulpit Bock, Overlook Cliff, &c. Also, at a lit- 
tle distance. Shoe Lake, a beautiful and attractive 
sheet of water. [Reached from Rhinebeck by ferry 
to Bondout, thence by rail to West Hurley ; thence 
by stage-coach, by the Sawkill Creek and Woodstock, 
to destination. May also be reached by evening 
boat, direct from New York to Rondout, thence aa 
before.] 

Beyond Rhinebeck are passed Barrytown and 
other landings on the right, Maiden and others on 
the left, to 

Catskill Landing, point of disembarkation for the 
Mountains, and of crossing from Oak Hill Station, 
for those who have come up by the rail. Also, 
popular summer resort, at the Prospect Park House, 
immediately above, with fine grounds and admirable 
view; at the Powell House (posting-house for the 
mountains, on the wharf) &c. [Catskill Landing 
may also be reached by evening boat from New York 
direct, and direct connection made for the moun- 
tains.] 

From Catskill Landing by stage-coach, always in 
waiting for boats and trains, by Catskill Village, the 
Half- Way House, and at one-third distance of the 
ascent of the Mountains proper, the Rip Van- Winkle 
House, with a broad flat rock beside it, on which 
tradition alleges the sleep of Irving's hero to have 
taken place. Views over the Hudson Valley are very 
fine, before reaching the 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN. 69 

Catskill Mountain House, among the highest of 
all American places of eastern sojourn, and in many 
regards the superior of all others on the continent, as 
to situation. The view from the house, over the 
Hudson river and valley, is wonderfully extensive 
and beautiful ; and Sunrise, as seen from the piazza, 
is scarcely second to the same spectacle from the 
famous Swiss Ehigi. Of excursions, there are many 
and most pleasing. The most interesting (longer 
ones by carriage, always in readiness) follow. To 

Kauterskill Falls, wild and romantic basin, with 
two cascades, of 180 and 80 feet, and picturesque in 
every aspect, above and below, besides being sur- 
rounded by wild and grand mountain and ravine 
scenery, and views of High Peak and Round Top, 
the two giants of the range, obtainable from different 
points. (The Laurel House, a popular place of so- 
journ, standing at near the verge of the falls, affords 
residence to the many who wish to study the splen- 
did scenery in this immediate neighborhood). To 
the Lakes, small sheets of water, lying in primeval 
wildness; short walk from the Mountain House, oi 
on the way to the Falls. Through the Clove, one ot 
the most remarkable mountain clefts in the world, 
from Palensville towards Hunter, with views of the 
beautiful Fawn's Leap Fall. To Plauterkill and 
Stony Cloves. To Parker s Ledge, overlooking the 
Clove. To Moses' and Sunset Rocks. To the tops 
of the South Mountain, North Mountain, etc. To 
the top of High Peak, laborious ascent, but with 
magnificent view, etc. 



70 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division C. 

CATSKILL MOUNTAINS TO AND AT ALBANY AND 

TROY. 

Leave Catskill by rail from Oak Hill Station ; or 
by boat from New York from Catskill Landing ; 
making landing at 

Hudson, on the east side of the river, a large 
and thriving town, with considerable manufactures. 
[Point of departure for Lebanon Springs and the 
Shaker Village connected with them; as also for 
Columbia Springs ; both minor watering-places of 
salubrious situation and increasing popularity. 
Also, railway connection east for Boston.] From 
Hudson, through scenery much tamer than along 
the Lower Hudson — past Athens (whence there is a 
railway to Albany), Goxsachie, Neio Baltimore, etc., 
on the left; and Skuyvesant, Kinderliooh (residence 
of the late President Martin Van Buren), Castleton f 
etc., on the right — to 

Albany, Capital of the State of New York, some- 
what picturesquely situated on rising ground, on the 
west bank of the Hudson, with Greenbush opposite ; 
the river spanned by a railway-bridge of recent 
erection and a certain celebrity on account of the 
opposition made to it by the residents of Troy, 
higher up the stream. It has great commercial 
importance, as the virtual head of sailing-vessel 
navigation northward ; as a heavy lumber and tim- 
ber depot ; and especially as the point at which the 



ROUTE NO. I.— NORTHERN. 71 

immense carrying-trade of the Erie and Ohamplain 
Canals enters the Hudson. 

The buildings best worth a visit and observation 
are the Capitol (soon to be replaced by a much finer 
erection), with the Senate and Assembly Chambers 
(legislative sessions from 1st January to 1st April) ; 
the State Library, adjoining ; the State House, with 
government offices ; the Dudley Observatory, rapidly 
assuming position as one of the first institutions of 
the kind in the country; the State Arsenal; the 
University ; the Medical College (with Museum) • 
the City Hall; State Normal School, &c. Eides 
from Albany are many and attractive — especially to 
the Cemetery (one of the handsomest in the State), 
to Cohoes Falls, Lansingburgh, and other handsome 
and thriving villages at practicable distance, and to 
some one of the Sliaker Villages lying northward — 
at the latter of which (as at Lebanon), the most odd 
and peculiar of all forms of worship may be encoun- 
tered. Leading hotels at Albany, the Delavan, Stan- 
wix Hall, Congress Hall, &c. 

From Albany, by street- car, omnibus or boat to 
Trot, some eight miles up the rapidly-diminishing 
river from the Capital, where will be found nearly a 
rival of the latter in size and population, its superior 
in beauty of location, and not only a flourishing 
town in general manufactures, but one of the most 
extensive lumber and timber depots in the world. 
It lies on both sides of the river — the eastern portion 
called by the common name, and the western, West 



72 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Troy. There is much manufacturing, of various 
heavy kinds in both divisions, but especially in West 
Troy, where street-cars, stoves and oilcloths are 
among the principal articles, while at the Watervliet 
Arsenal (United States government) tbe founding 
of small arms and munitions of war is carried on 
very extensively. Troy has also additional promi- 
nence from the junction of the Northern, Western 
and Eastern lines of railway, here occurring ; it has 
some churches of prominence (St. Mm and St. 
Paul, the principal) — the Rensselaer Polytechnic In- 
stitute, and the Female Seminary, both popular in 
management and extensive in influence. Two slight 
eminences, near the town, bear the ridiculously 
classical names of Mt. Ida and ML Olympus ; and 
there are two pretty cemeteries — Oakwood and 
Mount Ida. From Troy, also, may be conveniently 
reached, by carriage or other conveyance, Cohoes, 
Lansingburgh, &c. 

Division D. 

NEW YORK TO ALBANY OR TROY BY NIGHT-BOAT. 

Those who have before made the passage of the 
Hudson from New York to Albany by daylight ; or 
those who intend to return by some day-route, and 
so do not wish to consume time or experience fatigue 
on the route northward before reaching Albany — will 
be able to make the transit, so far as the latter 
place, by night-steamers on the Hudson, leaving 



ROUTE NO. 1— NORTHERN. 78 

New York at 6 P. M., finding luxurious accommoda- 
tion for eating and sleeping, on board, and reaching 
Albany or Troy at so early an hour in the morning 
as to ensure connection with the trains for either the 
Northern, Western or Eastern routes. 

For this transit two lines present themselves : the 
People's Line (New Jersey Steamboat Company), in 
the very large and splendid boats of which the full 
luxury of American river-navigation is seen ; and 
the Citizens' Line (the Troy Citizens' Steamboat 
Company), displaying less splendor though supply- 
ing strong and efficient boats, and making a special- 
ty of reduced prices as compared with the People's 
Line. 

Going by either of these lines, in the long days of 
midsummer, a considerable portion of the scenery of 
the lower Hudson is passed through before the dis- 
appearance of daylight; and if time at or near the 
full moon can be chosen, the sail under such cir- 
cumstances through the Hudson Highlands affords 
aspects of peculiar beauty not otherwise attainable. 

Division E. 

ALBANY OR TROY TO AND AT TRENTON FALLS. 

The New York Central Eailroad will be taken at 
either Albany or Troy, bending westward, up the 
very handsome though narrow 

Valley of the Mohawk, considered one of the finest 
in America for tracts of quiet beauty in scenery; 



74 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and often within sight of that wonderful enterprise 
in original construction and present capacity of con- 
veyance, the 

Erie Canal, which crosses the whole State between 
Lake Erie, at Buffalo, and the Hudson, at Albany ; 
— by Schenectady, a quiet little old town, principally 
celebrated as having been the scene of a dreadful 
conflagration and massacre by the Indians, during 
the Eevolutionary War. [Kailway branches here for 
Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Ohamplain and Mon- 
treal, for those who prefer.] From Schenectady, by 
minor stations of Fonda ; Palatine Bridge [point of 
disembarkation for Sharon Springs, reached hence 
by coach] ; Fort Plain [whence coach conveyance 
to Otsego Lahe, Cooperstown (residence of the late 
Fenimore Cooper) and Cherry Valley] ; Little Falls 
(where particular attention is due to the wondrous 
river-and-rock scenery of the pass on the left) ; and 
Herkimer— -to 

Utica, one of the flourishing large towns of Cen- 
tral New York, and Capital of Oneida County. It 
is pleasantly situated on rising ground on the south 
side of the Mohawk River, and is surrounded by 
very fertile lands, from which proceeds, at the hands 
of the "Welsh and other residents, one of the principal 
cheese-manufactures of the country. The town stands 
on the site of old Fort Schuyler, of Revolutionary 
fame ; is an entrepot of both the New York Central 
Railroad and Erie Canal ; and has a peculiar though 
melancholy attraction in the large and well-managed 



ROUTE NO. h— NORTHERN. 75 

State Lunatic Asylum. Drives around Utica are 
numerous and excellent. Prominent hotels at Utica, 
Baggs' and the American. 

Lay over at Utica one day or more, and proceed, 
cither by carriage direct, or by cars of the Utica and 
Black Eiver Railroad to South Trenton and thence 
by omnibus, to 

Trenton - Falls, on West Canada Creek, branch 
of the Mohawk River — a series of cascades unexcelled 
in the world for picturesque beauty. The principal 
falls are five in number, successively, passing up the 
stream, the Sherman Fall, High Fall, Mill-Dam 
Fall, Alhambra Fall and RocJcy Heart. To appre- 
ciate and enjoy them thoroughly, the tourist needs 
to descend the bank, by stairway, to the rocky level 
at the bottom, as far as practicable, and pass up 
along the left bank, on an irregular line of shelf- 
path, easily found, and presenting little difficulty 
and no danger to the careful. The rock-strata of 
this remarkable gorge will excite mingled wonder 
and admiration, — as will the really unique collection 
of fossils and crystals found in the neigborhood and 
kept on view at Moore 1 s Hotel, near the Falls. Re- 
turn ing from the extreme point reached, to below 
the M ill-Dam Fall, the stairway should be ascended, 
to the Rural Retreat, to view the High Fall from 
above — and way taken back to the Hotel through 
the fine woods. Return to Utica for pursuance of i 
route northward. 



76 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

TRENTON FALLS AND UTICA TO NIAGARA FALLS. 

Leave Utica by rail on New York Central Kail- 
road, to 

Rome, a thriving town, also on the Mohawk 
Eiver and the Erie Canal. [Here those who wish 
to proceed more directly to the St. Lawrence and 
Canada, may take Rome, "Watertown and Ogdens- 
hnrgh Railroad, to Watertoion, for crossing to Kings- 
ton and the Grand Trnnk Line in either direction — 
or to Ogdensburgh, for crossing to Prescott and 
nearest route to Ottawa]. Rome, continuing by New 
York Central, to 

Syracuse, large and flourishing town of Onon- 
daga County, at the junction of the Erie and Oswego 
Canals, with an immense production of salt from 
the Salt-wells, and the peculiar celebrity of having 
long been the favorite place for political conven- 
tions. It is pleasantly situated at the south end 
of Onondaga Lake. [Railway connection, here, 
southward by the Syracuse and Bingham ton Rail- 
road, to Bingliamton and ihe Erie Railway ; and 
northward to Oswego, on the shore of Lake Ontario, 
with steamer connection to Canadian ports and down 
the St. Lawrence. Branch line of the New York 
Central may also be taken, at Syracuse, diiect to 
'Buffalo, by 

Auburn, flourishing town on Cayuga Lake, and 
capital of Cayuga County, where one of the New 



ROUTE NO. I.— NORTHERN. 77 

York State Prisons is located, and where Secretary 
Seward has long resided — by Cayuga, Geneva, Can- 
andaigua (whence branch lines to Rochester and 
southward to the Erie Eailway at Elmird), Cale- 
donia, LeRoy and Batavia.~] 

By main line, from Syracuse, by Clyde, Lyons 
and Palmyra, to 

Rochester, on the Genesee River, one of the 
largest towns of Northern New York, and one of 
the most prosperous. It has a great natural curi- 
osity, in Genesee Falls, a single cataract of eminence, 
in jumping from which " Sam Patch/' the leaper, 
lost his life, many years ago. Artificially, its lead- 
ing attractions are the great Brie Canal Aqueduct 
over the Genesee; the Rochester University and 
Theological Seminary ; Mount Hope Cemetery ; St. 
Mary's Hospital, etc. [Railway connection south- 
ward to the Erie Railway, at Corning ; also by rail 
to Charlotte, on the lake shore, whence boats to all 
points on Lake Ontario]. Leading hotels, the Os- 
born, Congress, Braehett, &c. 

From Rochester, by New York Central, by Brock- 
port, Albion, Medina, and Lockport (point of en- 
trance into the Erie Canal, from Lake Erie), to 
Niagara (village), and * 

Niagara Falls, first natural curiosity of America 
and admittedly among the first in the world. 



98 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division G. 

AT AND ABOUT NIAGAEA. 

Most students of geography, even those who have 
never traveled, know that the Falls of Niagara lie 
between the State of New York, and Canada, and 
that they are formed by the rushing through the 
comparatively narrow pass of the Niagara Eiver, 
over a curved shelf of uneven rocks, of all the mighty 
mass of water going eastward from Lake Erie to 
Lake Ontario ; and to a smaller number of non. 
visitors are known the additional facts that the 
Morse-Shoe Fall (Canadian side) is 1,800 feet across; 
that Goat Island, separating the two, is 500 feet in 
width ; that the American Fall is only 900 feet in 
width ; that the average depth of descent is esti- 
mated to be about 160 feet; and that the enormous 
amount of 100,000,000 tons of water is believed to 
pass over the ledge every hour — nearly 1,500,000 
tons every minute, and about 25,000 tons every 
second or beat of the pulse ! Beyond this, no addi- 
tional statistics need be given, except that the banks 
of -the river, below the falls, have a perpendicular 
height of about 180 feet, and that the mass of water, 
below, all the way to the Whirlpool, is compressed 
into au average space of about 480 feet of width. 

It is scarcely necessary to say that days of sojourn 
at the Falls are desirable, to see them in all their 
varying aspect and become^ fully acquainted with 
their beauty (often underrated) as well their gran- 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN 79 

deur. The short-trip traveler, however, will be 
better served than otherwise, with a brief statement 
of the points of view most absolutely necessary and 
most conveniently attained. Of these are (1) that 

Over the Rapids — view caught in passing from the 
neighborhood of the Cataract House, by the fragile- 
looking but perfectly-secure bridge, to Goat Island. 
It is doubtful whether the cataract itself is more im- 
pressive than this mad rush of waters, threatening to 
sweep away the beholder at any instant, and sug-. 
jesting all the images of beautiful rage and fury. (2), 

From Goat Island, over the Canadian Fall, the 
Oanada shore and the lower rapids — with the shape 
of the horseshoe fully denned, and the rainbow al- 
most constant during fine weather. (3), 

From Terrapin Tower (small tower at the edge of 
the Canadian Fall, reached by bridge from Goat 
Island), giving the opportunity to look almost per- 
pendicularly down the cataract, with other points of 
view nearly the same as from Goat Island. (4), 

From Prospect Point, near the International House, 
on the American side, giving the American Fall al- 
most at the feet, and the Canadian Fall and shore 
broadly opposite. (5), 

From under the American Fall, down-river side, 
reaching that point by descent of steps or Inclined 
Railway, from Prospect Point. From no other 
point of view can the impression of the broken 
bright water really falling from the clouds, be caught 
in such enchanting perfection. (6), 



80 bHOBT-TMIP GUIDE. 

From the River, crossing the lower rapids by boat, 
and looking up to the Falls from the greatest attain- 
able depth below them. (7), 

From the Suspension Bridges, especially the upper 
and smaller one, near the Falls. (8), 

From the Clifton Ledge, in front of the Clifton 
Huuse, on the Canadian side — the American Fall 
being seen from this point to perhaps even better 
advantage, and the whole ensemble of the Falls bet- 
ter caught, than even in the view (9), 

From Table Rock, higher up on the Canadian 
side, immediately at the verge and edge of the Horse- 
Shoe Fall, always a favorite with experienced visi- 
tors, and from which point the view in Church's 
great picture was taken. Descent 

Under the Falls may be made, by those who have 
taste for that style of adventure— either by going 
down the Biddle Staircase, from Goat Island (under 
American Fall and to the Gave of the Winds), or the 
staircase at Table • Eock (under Canadian Fall, to 
Termination Rock). Neither of these descents should 
be made, however, without due preparation of water- 
proof clothing (kept on hand at both points named), 
and the services of a capital guide. 

Lunar Island, joined by a bridge to Goat Island 
on the right, should be visited, in sunlight to see 
the Rainbow of the Falls in greatest perfection and, 
in moonlight, if the time of visit so serves, in the 
chance of seeing that most wonderful of spectacles, 
the Lunar rainbow. 



ROUTE NO. 1— NORTHERN. 81 

The Sister Islands (three) are now connected with 
Goat Island and with each other, by strong and 
handsome suspension-bridges ; and no visitor to the 
Falls should fail to go out on each of them, for the 
unequalled view of the Upper Rapids thus to be 
obtained. That from the extreme outward one is 
perhaps the finest of all. 

The Viliirlpool and Whirlpool Rapids, three miles 
below the Falls, on the American side (elevator to 
descend to the river-side, at the latter), show some 
of the most terrible rushes of water in the world, 
and also the outlet, beyond, into the deep-banked 
river. 

Other Spots to be profitably visited at and near 
the Falls, may be named 

Grand Island, very large island, above (reached 
by ferry) notable as the spot where Major Mordecai 
M. Noah, of New York, some fifty years ago com- 
menced to build what he believed to be the City of 
Restoration of the Jews. (Monument commemora- 
tive, still remaining) ; 

Burning Spring, within a short walk above the 
Falls, on che Canada side, showing some rare phe- 
nomena in liquid combustion ; 

Lundtfs Lane (Canada side — carriage), scene of 
the Battle of Chippewa (1812), with observatories 
and many stories of that battle ; 

Queenston and Lewiston, opposite towns on the 
Niagara River, seven or eight miles below the Falls ; 
the former (Canada side) with a handsome monu- 



83 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ment to the English General Brock, who fell here 
in 1812. Prominent hotels at Niagara, the Cata- 
ract, International, and Parh Place, on the Ameri- 
can side ; and the Clifton, on the Canada side. 

[From Niagara (Suspension Bridge) through 
Canada, by Great Western Eailway, to Detroit, 
Chicago, and the West (including California) ; or, 
Niagara to Buffalo, and West by the Lake Shore 
Eailroad; or, by the Grand Trunk, to Toronto, 
Ottawa, Montreal, and other Canadian cities; or, 
rail to Kingston, and thence boat to and down the 
Kiver St. Lawrence to Montreal, etc. [See Cana- 
dian routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 2 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YOEK TO BUFFALO, NIAGARA FALLS AND 
CANADA, BY THE ERIE RAILWAY. 

Leave New York (by morning train, for enjoy- 
ment of Delaware and Susquehanna scenery) by 
ferry from foot Chambers St., or foot 23d St., to 
Long Dock at Pavonia (New Jersey), midway be- 
tween the towns of Hoboken and Jersey City — the 
immense range of wharf commanding admiration for 
the enterprize which has created the whole from 
tide- water and useless marsh; and its importance 
added to by its late selection as the site of the piers 
and houses of the White Star Line of Steamers to 
Liverpool. 

From Long Dock, by rail, on the Erie Railway ; 
the first point of interest after departure being 
the 

Bergen Tunnel, through the West Bergen Hills, 
reached within a few moments after leaving the 
wharf, three-quarter mile in length, and considered a 
most costly and elaborate piece of engineering, until 
dwarfed by recent examples in the same line. Be- 
yond, the first town of any importance parsed 
through, is 

Paterson, New Jersey, capital of Passaic County, 
in that State; the town presenting many interesting 



84 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

features in manufactures and industry. Paper, cot- 
ton, silk and other fabrics are extensively produced ; 
and iron and steel working have even more promi- 
nence. The Ivanhoe Paper Mills, here, are the most 
extensive in the country ; Paterson foundries boast 
of being able to produce steamship-shafts arid other 
heavy irons, of greater size than any others in Ame- 
rica; and two of the most successful and notable of 
the establishments for the manufacture of locomo- 
tive engines, in the world, are located here — those of 
Grant, and of the Kogers Co., of whom the former 
won the great gold medal at the French Exposition 
ot 1867, for the splendid locomotive "America." 
Within the boundaries of the town are also to be 
seen the 

Passaic Falls, on the river of the same name — 
well worthy the tourist's attention, from the peculiar 
character of the chasm into which the river leaps, 
and the rock-scenery in the vicinity. Beyond Pater- 
son, the scenery, which has so far been tame, rough- 
ens and becomes better worthy of notice, as the hills 
of Orange County begin to break into view; and 
thenceforth, for a long distance, it may be said that 
the Erie road is one of the most picturesque in 
America — a marvel of wild natural beauty in sur- 
roundings, as well as of enterprize in engineering. 
At 

JSuffem's Station [junction with the old road, 
now used for freight only, to Piermont, on the Hud 
son], commences the fine scenery of the 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 85 

Ramapo Mountains, Gap and Valley, scene of 
many of General Washington's warlike operations j 
and the conntry around aud beyond, entering Orange 
County, in the State of New York, equally cele- 
brated for the wonderful richness of its dairy pro- 
ducts — the noted Orange County milk and butter. 

At Sloatsburg, stage may be taken to Greenwood 
Lake, a rural summer resort of much beauty and 
some popularity. 

At Greycourt occurs the junction with another 
and now more important branch of the line — that to 
Newburgh, on the Hudson, by Warwick. Passeng- 
ers for Greenwood Lake also proceed from Grey- 
court. The most important of the other stations 
passed on this portion of the route, is that of 

Middletown, capital of Orange County, with much 
industry, extensive iron-works, an academy, and a 
surrounding country at once fertile and picturesque. 
Beyond Middletown soon comes into view the mag- 
nificent scenery and bold engineering operations con- 
nected with the great 

Shawangunk Mountain, the passage around which, 
by railway, was once deemed impossible. From this 
point, alternate rock cuttings ol great depth and 
length, and magnificent views over the ISTeversink 
Valley and into the wild gorges of the Upper Dela- 
ware (river), of which the first comprehensive views 
are caught shortly before reaching 

Port Jervis, a village picturesquely situated among 
the mountains, at the point of junction of three 



8Q SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

States — New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, 
and once enjoying evil repute from the facility With 
which doubtful characters residing there could quick- 
ly change their State and thus baffle the officers of 
justice. It is now a place of limited summer resort 
and the end of the first or Eastern Division of the 
Erie road. [Falls of the Sawkill, fine cascades, six 
miles distant, by carriage or stage-coach.] 

Beyond Port Jervis the tourist enjoys fine views 
of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, in full opera- 
tion ; and then comes the yet wilder scenery of the 
Upper Delaware, the road running in many places 
closely along its high rocky banks, and the en- 
gineering of the whole line at this section worthy of 
being remembered beside that of the Ehone Valley 
road among the heights of Jura, and that of the 
road through the Apennines between Bologna and 
Florence. At near SJiohola, perhaps the finest and 
wildest portion of the railway scenery is passed; 
though the views approaching and leaving Lacka- 
waxen should by no means be lost. Passing Mast 
Hope, Narrowsburg, Callicoon (the latter and indeed 
all the places lately named, great headquarters for 
trout-fishermen and mountain-sportsmen generally) 
and Hancock, 

At Deposit (formerly dinner-station) farewell is bid- 
den to Delaware River. Beyond this point the grade 
is somewhat heavy and the ascent slow, until the top 
of the ridge is reached, after which follows corres- 
pondingly rapid descent for a certain distance. Not 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 87 

long after commencement of the descent, is crossed 
the once celebrated 

Cascade Bridge, with a single arch over a ravine 
nearly two hundred feet in depth (now changed to 
a high embankment) ; and here begin to be caught 
wonderful views over the lovely Valley of the Susque- 
hanna and the fine River of that name. Very soon 
after is crossed the 

Starucca Viaduct, a splendid stone structure some 
1,200 feet in length and about 120 feet in height — 
considered one of the noblest railway bridges on the 
Continent, while the scenery from and around it is 
wondrously lovely and attractive. Still another 
high crossing is made over a fine wooden trestle 
bridge, at Lanesborough ; and then is reached 

Susquehanna, an important station and the end of 
the second or Delaware division of the road, as well 
as noted for engine-work and other heavy manufac- 
tures. Only a few miles beyond is reached 

Great Bend, another important railway station, 
and the point of intersection with this road, of the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Road, from the 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania. [Near Kirkwood, 
next station beyond, may be seen an old wooden 
house possessing a certain interest as the place *of 
birth of the first Morman prophet, Joe Smith]. The 
next place of importance reached is 

Binghamtot, handsomely situated at the junc- 
tion of the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers, and 
deriving its name from an early settler, Mr. Bing- 



88 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ham, ancestor on one side of the present noble Eng- 
lish banking family, the Ashburton-Barings. Site 
of the New York State Inebriate Asylum ; and a 
thriving and healthful town. [Connection with 
the New York Central Railroad, by the Syracuse 
and Binghamton road.] The next important sta- 
tion is 

Owego, a large and handsome village, on creek of 
the same name, with Grlenmary, old residence of N. 
P. Willis, near it. [Connection, northward, by 
"branch railway, to Ithaca, on Cayuga Lake and to 
Glen Watkins (see Elmira)]. Some half dozen sta- 
tions beyond is reached 

Elmira, another chief town of Western New 
York, on the Chemung Eiver, with handsome 
scenery, and much thrift and prosperity. [Connec- 
tions, northward, directly with Niagara Ealls, by the 
Elmira, Canandaigua and Niagara Ealls Eailway; 
southward, to Harrisburgh, Philadelphia, &c, by 
Williamsport and Elmira road and intersecting 
lines; and northward by the Northern Central 
to 

Ithaca, on Cayuga Lake, and thence by carriage to 

Watkins' Glen, group of wild beauties in rock 
scenery, only lately brought into prominence, but 
considered among the finest on the American conti- 
nent]. Pursuing route by Erie road, at 

Corning, also on the Chemung, occurs a connec- 
tion with the coal-fields of Pennsylvania, by Corning 
and Blossburg road. Also, branch of Erie road runs 
northward direct to Rochester. 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 89 

At Hornellsville the Erie Railway branches into 
two main lines, the one leading west, by 

Salamanca [junction with the Atlantic and Great 
Western road, south westward to Corry and the Oil 
Regions of Pennsylvania] and Dayton, to 

Dunkirk, on Lake Erie, terminus of the Erie 
Railway in that direction, and point of junction with 
the Lake Shore Railroad for Cleveland and Toledo 
(Ohio), Chicago, and other points west and north- 
west. 

The second or northern branch of the Erie road, 
leaving Hornellsville, runs northwestward, by Nunda, 
Portage (with splendid bridge, of great height, and 
fine Fall of the Genesee, called Portage Fall), War- 
saw and Attica, to 

Buffalo, on Lake Erie, largest town of Western 
New York, and one of the most important commer- 
cial depots of the Middle States. It only dates from 
the commencement of the century, owing much 
of its rapid early progress to the enterprising and 
unfortunate Benjamin Rathbun, who involved him- 
self fatally in the attempt to make it the Queen of 
the Lakes. It is the point of entrance to the Erie 
Canal, from the Lake, and enjoys an immense 
grain and other shipping trade with the West, by 
steamers and large schooners. It has now not less 
than 40 large grain warehouses, with capacity for 
storing six to eight millions of bushels; has very 
large iron manufactures; has several public grounds 
— Terrace Park, Niagara, Delaware, Washington, 



190 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Franklin and other squares; has a University, Medi 
cal School, Orphan Asylum, Marine Hospital, &c. ; 
and many of the public buildings, including the 
City Hall, Custom House, Post Office, State Arsenal, 
Market Houses and some of the Churches (the Eo- 
man Catholic Cathedral especially) are worthy the 
attention of even the temporary sojourner. After- 
noon breezes from the Lake, facilities for water-excur- 
sions, proximity to the Canadian shore, &c, make 
Buffalo a charming place of abode during the hot 
season, though the atmosphere is often too damp for 
the health of invalids inclined to pulmonary trouble. 
Prominent Hotels, Mansion House, Courier House, 
Western, Genesee House, Revere House, &c. 

[Buffalo, by rail to Niagara Falls and Suspension 
Bridge, for Canada and the East, or for the West, 
^See close of previous route). Or, direct to Sarnia, 
Detroit, Chicago, &c, by the Grand Trunk Railway. 
Or, to Dunkirk and the Lake Shore road thence to 
the West. Or, by Lake steamer to Cleveland and 
other points westward.] 



ROUTE NO. 3. -NORTHERN. 

NEW YOKK TO SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE 

CHAMPLAIN AND MONTREAL, WITH OPTION 

OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS. 

New York to Albany or Troy, as by Northern 
Route No. 1. Thence train on the Rensselaer and 
Saratoga Railroad along the Hudson and Mohawk 
Rivers, and with a view in passing of the Falls 
of Colwes, on the latter, and also of the Erie Canal 
and of Round Lake — to 

Ballston Spa, once the rival of Saratoga as a place 
of medicinal and fashiouable resort, and still fre- 
quented, by a considerable number of health-seekers, 
though the largest of the hotels, the Sans Souci, has 
long since been converted into a seminary, and the 
tide of summer travel has turned towards the more 
celebrated springs. Ballston has original advan- 
tages of location over Saratoga, the fine creek or 
small river, the Kayederosseras, flowing through it, 
and materially adding to pleasantness as an abode ; 
and while as a watering-place it will never quite 
decay, it may some day see a return to its old popu- 
larity. From Ballston, half an hour, through very 
flat though well shaded country, to 

Saratoga (better known as " Saratoga Springs") 
— the most fashionable of the Ameiican Spas. 



$2 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

Division A. 

AT AND ABOUT SARATOGA. 

This most celebrated of summer resorts on the 
Western Continent, with the possible exception of 
Niagara — has few natural features to produce such 
continued celebrity, its situation being comparatively 
low, its soil sandy, and its climate decidedly hot in 
midsummer. But long care and much expense 
have made its grounds shaded and attractive; and 
the number and varied character of its springs have 
counterbalanced all opposition and given it a popu- 
larity not likely to lessen during the present centu- 
ry. During the past few years, speculation (not to 
call it by any worse name), has joined with liberal en- 
terprize in providing extraordinary attractions, in 
the shape of 

TJie Race- Course absorbing attention during a 
certain number of clays of the season, and presenting 
some of the worst features of the English turf, in the 
way of high betting ; and 

TJie Play-House, in imitation of Baden-Baden and 
Hombourg, with the addition of being owned and 
managed by an Honorable M. C. Another and more 
meritorious feature is 

The Leland Opera House, near and attached to 
the Union Hotel, and affording splendid opportuni- 
ties for concerts, grand balls and other festivals, 
more pleasant to the sojourners than (it is to be 
feared) profitable to those providing the accommoda- 



ROUTE NO. 3.- NORTHERN. 93 

tion. Of course the principal source of popularity 
and profit has been found in 

Hie Springs, of which the whole number must 
approach twenty, very different in character, while 
upon two or three of them has been concentrated, 
until lately, nearly the whole popularity giving 
patronage to the group. The waters of the Congress 
lead the list, now, instead of monopolizing as they 
once did: they are bottled extensively and sent 
everywhere, as well as consumed unlimitedly at the 
Spriug. After them, of late, have come the Em- 
pire, pressing close upon the Congress as an arti- 
cle of commerce; and no small amount of popularity 
in the same line is being attained by those of the 
High Rock (held to be specially strong and medici- 
nal), the Hatlwrn, the Constitution, &c, — while the 
Iodine, the Columbian and others command exten- 
sive home-consumption. The virtual "Pump-Koom" 
of Saratoga, meanwhile, has been and continues in 
the Congress Spring, most picturesequely located 
and best kept, and with fine grounds near to add to 
its attraction. 

[Saratoga suffered very severely by fire in 1865 
and 1866, two of the oldest and largest of the hotels, 
the United States and Congress Hall, almost as 
truly features of the place as the Springs themselves, 
and endeared by a thousand recollections as well as 
made classic by Willis' charming sketches, going 
down in those years. One of them has since been re- 
built, however, with enlarged accommodation ; the 



54 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

other will be ; and although a large supplementary 
fire, in September, 1871, destroyed several minor 
houses, there is no fear whatever ol Saratoga per- 
manently suffering from deficiency of hotel accom- 
modation.] 

[The hint is worth something, to strangers — that 
the most delightful time for visiting Saratoga is to 
be found later than the full season — say in Septem- 
ber and early October, when the climate is delicious, 
and when the loveliest sunsets of the world (finer 
than the Italian) can be enjoyed from the hills 
just northward.] 

Excursions from Saratoga are not many or remark- 
ably varied. The most popular is found in the after- 
noon ride to the Lake, three miles distant — a hand- 
some forest-girded bit of water, with fine facilities 
for boating and fishing, and with Moon's and 
Abell's "Lake Houses" to supply entertainment to 
visitors. With this ride is often combined a visit to 
Barliydtfs Mill, on the road — also made classic by 
Willis. Another excursion, generally made, is that 
to the Battle Field of Stillwater — scene of Sir John 
Burgoyne's surrender to Genl. Gates in 1777. 

Prominent Hotels at Saratoga, Grand Union, Con- 
gress Hall, Clarendon, &c. 

Division B» 

SARATOGA TO AND AT LAKE GEORGE. 

The route from Saratoga is by cars of the Saratoga 
and Washington Railroad, to 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 95 

Fort Edward, on the Hudson — site of one of the 
old fortifications of the French and Indian War 
period, but now a thriving village, with picturesque 
river scenery. At Fort Edward branch rail is taken 
to 

Glenn's Falls (often called simply "Glenn's"), a 
village also picturesquely situated on the Hudson, at 
a pass of the river through rocks of terrible wildness, 
with a broken fall, at and around which Cooper laid 
the scene of a part of the "Last of the Mohicans " 
Glenn's Falls has also large lime manufactures. 
Here stage is taken for Lake George, over a moun- 
tain road affording scenery of equal beauty and 
grandeur, forming fit introduction to the Lake. 
Half way between Glenn's and the Lake is passed 

Bloody Pond, scene of the defeat of Col. Williams 
by the French and Indians under Baron Dieskau, 
and slaughter of all his force, in 1?55, during the 
old French wars, aud of which the name is said to 
have been derived from the literal filling of th pond 
with bodies on that occasion. Shortly after leaving 
Bloody Pond, and on emergence from the forest on 
high ground, is enjoyed one of the most magnificent 
views supplied by the Western Continent, in the 
beautiful " Horicon " (Indian name of Lake George) 
its islands and mountain borderings. 

Caldwell, south end of th^ Lake, is the spot where 
the traveller is set down by the coach; and here 
and near are located some of the most enjoyable of 
the hotels welcoming visitors 



08 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Rowing, Sailing, and Fishing on Lake George are 
privileges not to be ignored : the more enjoyable for 
the wonderful clearness of the water, which often 
allows the bottom to be seen at twenty or thirty feet, 
and which won for it from the French the name of 
" Le Lac du St. Sacrament " and induced the carry- 
ing of the water to great distances for baptismal 
purposes. The variety of fish caught — trout, perch, 
pike, &c, commends it to the special favor of sports- 
men. It is while on the water, too, that the beauti- 
ful panorama ol the Lake, with its islands and en- 
circling mountains, admitted to be among the finest 
on the globe, can best be enjoyed. 

The Old Forts must command a certain degree of 
attention from the visitor to Lake George, combin- 
ing, as they do, historical interest with their loca- 
tion. Of Fort "William Henry, the small traces of 
embankment remaining lie immediately beside the 
Hotel of the same name, from in front of which the 
best views are commanded and the steamboat em- 
barkations on the Lake are made. Of Fort George, 
half a mile eastward, considerable portions of the 
crumbling walls yet present themselves, half buried 
by earth and overgrown with trees. Leading hotels 
at Lake George, the Lake House and Fort William 
Henry. 

[From Lake George may be visited, by stage- 
wagon or other conveyance, Schroon Lake a small 
wild, picturesque sheet of water, lying north-west- 
ward ; and thence, the lower part of the 



ROUTE NO. 3.- NORTHERN. 97 

Adirondack Mountains among the boldest and 
most interesting chains of the East, and of late 
years very popular as resorts for pleasure seekers and 
health-seekers who have no objection to "camping- 
out" and "roughing" it a little. Particulars of 
special routes, best obtained of those who manage 
the conveyances; as all other information on such 
partially-opened lines, must be more or less unreli- 
able and risky.] 

Leaving Caldwell for the passage northward, a 
small steamer is taken; and the entire passage to 
Ticonderoga, about 35 miles, is one of the most 
charming in any land, affording otherwise unattain- 
able views of the surrounding mountains and the 
almost countless islands of the little body of water 
so favored, the actual number of which is said to 
reach nearly or quite three hundred. Among the 
most notable of these in this part of the Lake, are 
Diamond Island, Burgoyne's military depot in 1777; 
Long Island, north of Diamond ; Twelve Mile Is- 
land? near Bolton. Not far beyond the latter, 
Tongue Mountain thrusts itself out into the Lake 
to a great distance (whence the name), forming a 
part of the Narrows, entered just beyond, under the 
shadow of Black Mountain, the highest peak of the 
lake-shore. North of the Narrows comes Saohath 
Day Point, a strip of low, cultivated land, so named, 
as alleged, by G-enl. Abercrombie, from a Sunday 
morning embarkation of troops made there. Not 
far beyond, passing the bold headland of Rogers' 



98 SHORT- TRIP G U1DE. 

Slide, are passed Prisoners 9 Island, used as a place 
of military confinement by the English during the 
old French war; and Lord Howe's Point, where 
that English general landed to make his attack on 
Ticonderoga. Directly beyond comes an insignificant 
landing, at which concludes the beautiful sail on 
Lake George, and the tourist enjoys a three mile 
ride, often in a rough wagon instead of a stage-coach, 
over a rough road that still seems to be unobjection- 
able and in keeping with the journey, to the ruins of 
Ticonderoga. 

Division C. 

TICONDEROGA BY LAKE CHAMPLAIN TO 
MONTREAL. 

Crossing from Lake George, by stage-coach 01 
wagon, as above, 

Fort Ticonderoga will be found only a ruin, with 
one gable remaining to show its original height. It 
was first constructed by the French, about 1756, but 
derives its principal interest from the peculiar mode 
of its summons to surrender by the madcap Vermon- 
ter, Ethan Allen, in 1775, the formula being: "In 
the name of the Continental Congress and the Great 
Jehovah !" It was soon retaken by the British, how- 
ever, and held during the war. [From Ticonderoga 
detour may be made to Croiun Point, another place 
of revolutionary interest, taken at nearly the same 
time ; and thence may be reached most conveniently 
by wagon and on foot, Lake Sanford, Lake Render- 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 9» 

son, and beyond the famous Indian Pass and the 
great peaks of the Adirondack Mountains; Tali- 
aivus, or Mount Marcy, Mount Mclntyre, the Dial 
Mountain, etc.] 

At the wharf at Ticonderoga, to continue main 
rouie northward, steamer on Lake Champlain is 
taken; and thenceforth, in fine weather, is found 
a sail of many hours, not often equaled in enjoy- 
ment. Besides the towns and hamlets studding the 
shores, thore are special points of interest on the 
Lake in the shape of singular rocks and islands, of 
which the most notable, below, may be mentioned as 
SpUt Rock, an immense mass of ironstone, half an 
acre in extent, split away from the main only about 
twelve feet; the Four Brothers, small islands always 
haunted and half covered with noisy gulls, like Ailsa 
Craig; Juniper Island and Rock Dundee, both 
masses of rocks rising to the height of over 30 feet- 
It is not in these particulars, however, that lies the 
chief charm of sailing on noble Champlain (130 miles 
in length, and width varying from \ mile to 13 : 
area covered, about 500 sq. miles). That principal 
charm lies in the presence of a noble range of moun- 
tains at either side : at the right, the Green Moun- 
tains of Vermont, among the highest in Eastern 
America; on the left, at greater distance, the equally 
noble range of the Adirondacks. 

Landings are made, on the right, at 

Buhlikgton, Vermont, one of the largest and 
most important towns in the State, with a Univer- 



100 SHOBTTBIP GUIDE. 

sit j, many fine buildings, manufactures; and a great 
concentration of railway, steamboat and stage-coach 
routes. At Burlington are also enjoyed, as from the 
Lake approaching it, fine views of the two highest 
peaks of the Green Mountains, Mt. Mansfield and 
Camel's Hump. Hotels, the American, &c. 

[At Burlington, rail may be taken, by those who 
prefer, by St. Allan's and St John's, direct to 
Montreal. See Pivision D, following.] 

Continuing from Burlington by boat, the Lake is 
crossed, north-westward, to 

Plattslurg, thriving town of New York,, lying on 
the west shore, and scene of the land-and-naval 
battle between the English and Americans, in Sep- 
tember, 1814, won for the latter by General Macomb 
and Commodore McDonough. 

[From Plattsburg may be visited 

Keeseville, a thriving town of Essex County ; and 
thence the Au Sable River, the Saranac Lakes, and 
the great fishing and pleasure grounds of the 

Northern Adirondack Mountains. For either, 
and especially for the latter, stage is taken at Keese- 
ville, and special routes traced out through particu- 
lar information locally derived. For any extended 
advance into the mountains, however, certain pro- 
visions, conveniences and changes of clothing must 
be provided, after taking the special local advice 
above noted, and before leaving the towns on the 
shores of Lake Champlain, for the absolute wilder- 
ness lying behind them.] 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 101 

Continuing from Plattsburg by boat, final landing 
is made at 

Rouse's Point, also on the western shore of the 
Lake, and unimportant except for this transit and 
the fact that it lies at the very border of the Do- 
minion of Canada. 

From House's Point, by rail, to Si. John's and to 
Montreal. (For description, &c, see p. 247.) 

Division D. 

TICONDEROGA TO MONTREAL BY BOAT AND RAIL. 

As by previous route (Division C) to 

Burlington, Vermont. At Burlington leave Cham- 
plain boat and take rail of the Vermont Central road 
to . 

St. Aldan's,VeTmont, one of the handsomest towns 
in the State, lying near Lake Champlain, with fine 
scenery, many noble buildings, considerable popu- 
larity as a summer-resort, an immense butter-and- 
cheese market, and a historical celebrity on account 
of the "raid" made upon it, from Canada, on the 
19th of October, 1864, by the Confederate refugees 
then resident in the Dominion. Principal hotel, 
the Welden House. [Railway connection from 
St. Alban's, by the Missisquoi road, to Sheldon, 
and the Missisquoi Springs, popular hygienic 
resort.] 

From St. Alban's, by rail, by St. John's to Mon- 
treal. (See p. 247.) 



102 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division E. 

SARATOGA TO MONTREAL, BY RAIL. 

Leave Saratoga by Saratoga and Washington road, 
(as by Division B,) to 

Whitehall, New York, at the southern end of 
Lake Champlain — town of age, and much import- 
ance in connection with the lumber trade and the 
extensive transportation through the Champlain 
Canal, commencing at that point, from the Lake to 
Albany. [Point of departure of steamboats on 
Lake Champlain, for Northern New York, Vermont 
or New Hampshire Mountains, or Canada, — for those 
coming up directly from New York or other more 
southerly points, by Albany or Troy. See Divi- 
sions C and D, pp. 99 and 101.] 

Continuing by rail from Whitehall, and entering 
the State of Vermont, through the great marble- 
quarry region of that State; by Castleton, virtual 
centre of that trade ; to 

Rutland, thriving and handsome town, with 
railway connections in all directions, pleasant loca- 
tion, and fine mountain-and-valley scenery, as well 
as much productive industry. Hotel, the Bates 
House. 

From Eutland, by MiddWbury and minor stations, 
to Burlington (see that place in Division C, p. 99). 
Burlington, by Vergennes and minor stations, to St. 
Alban's (see that place in Division D, p. 101). St. 
Alban's to St. John's and Montreal. (See p. 247.) 



ROUTE NO. 3.— NORTHERN. 102a 

Division F. 

FAVORITE TOURIST ROUTE FROM FEW YORK TO 

MONTREAL. 

New York, by Central Eail Road, Day Boat or 
jtfight Boat, to Albany or Troy (see Route 1, 
Division A, page 62). Albany or Troy to Sara- 
toga, Lake George, and take Champlain boat at 
Ticonderoga, as by Route 3, Divisions A, B and 0, 
pp. 91 to 99. Or, Albany or Troy to Saratoga (omit- 
ting Lake George) ; thence rail to Whitehall and 
take Champlain steamer there. By boat on Lake 
Champlain to Burlington, and thence rail by St. 
Alban's and St. John's to Montreal ; or by boat to 
Burlington, Plattsburg and Rouse's Point, and 
thence rail by St. John's to Montreal. (See p. 247.) 

Division G. 

EASTERN-STATES ALL-RAIL ROUTE FROM NEW YORK 
TO MONTREAL. 

New York to New Haven, Hartford and Spring- 
field, as by Route No. 4, Division A, pp. 103 to 
106. Springfield, by Connecticut River and con- 
necting roads, to 

Bellows Falls, railway-centre of importance on 
the Connecticut River, with connections eastward 
to Boston, &c. Thence to 

White River Junction, another railway-centre with 
equally important connections, at the intersection of 



102b SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Connecticut and White Eivers. Thence to St. 
Allan's, St. John's and Montreal. (See p. 247.) 

Jjiviston ±£. 

HINTS FOR RETURNING SOUTHWARD. 

As stated in many other places in this volume, it 
is a matter of policy, always, in returning from one 
of two points to another, to vary the route from that 
selected in going, unless special reasons require 
passing over the same ground. And in no direction 
does this require more closely to be borne in mind, 
than, say, between New York and the Canadian 
cities ; the routes being so many and all so interest- 
ing, that no choice supplying variety can well be 
amiss, if time or other circumstance does not pre- 
vent. The reminder need scarcely be added, that, 
all the preceding routes being marked out as going 
northioard, for proceeding southward any one of 
them needs simply to be reversed. 



ROUTE NO. 4-EASTERN. 

NEW YORK TO BOSTON, BY NEW HAYEK. HARTFORDj 

AND SPRINGFIELD (RAIL) ; BY PROVIDENCE 

(RAIL) ; BY NEWPORT, NEW LONDON OR 

STONINGTON (SOUND-BOAT). 

Division A. 

BY RAIL, BY SPRINGPIELD. 

Leave New York by morning express of New 
Haven Railroad, by 'William? s Bridge (point of 
divergence of the New York and Harlem road), 
by several unimportant stations (with occasional and 
pleasant views of Long Island Sound, at the right), 
to Stamford, Darien and Norwalk (Connecticut), 
(the latter the scene of a serious accident, train run- 
ning into the River, at the Bridge manv years 
since) ; then by other unimportant Stations, to 

Bridgeport, on Long Island Sound, large and im- 
portant manufacturing town, especially in the de- 
tail of Sewing Machines, of which two of the largest 
factories in the world, the Wheeler & Wilson, and 
Howe, are located here. Also, point of intersection 
of lines of railway leading to the manufacturing in- 
terior of Connecticut (Housatonic and Naugatuck) ; 
and old residence of the celebrated showman, P. T. 
Barnum. Bridgeport to 



104 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

New Hayek, also on Long Island Sound (lines 
of steamers to and from New York) ; one of the 
most important towns of the East, and seat of Yale 
College, as well as noted for the shaded beauty of its 
streets and the peculiar magnificence of its elm-tree 
avenues, the latter feature giving it the name of the 
"Elm City/' New Haven is well worthy of a so- 
journ for examination. The first point of interest 
is of course to be found in the College Buildings, of 
which there are some fifteen, with a remarkable 
air of antiquity, for America (the College founded in 
1700); the College Green, or Campus, with Chapel, 
and fine old Churches; the State House, an impos- 
ing edifice, of marble, recently completed ; the Fine 
Art Building and Trumbull Gallery, in the latter of 
which are the original fine historical pictures by 
Colonel Trumbull (Washington, etc.) ; the recently 
built City Hall, etc. Some interesting Monuments 
are to be found in the Grove Street Cemetery; among 
others those of Eoger Sherman, founder of Ehode 
Island, Noah "Webster, Pierrepont Edwards, the poet 
Hillhouse, etc.; and in the Campus, tomb of the 
regicide "Whalley. Excursions from New Haven to 
East Rock, Savin Rock, Wallingford, &c. [Con- 
nection, by rail, to 

Middletowust, flourishing town, with manufac- 
tures, seat of Wesleyan University, Industrial 
School, State Insane Asylum, Berkeley Divinity 
School, &c. Opposite Middletown, Portland, with 
great brown-stone quarries.] 



ROUTE NO. 4— EASTERN. 105 

Prominent hotels at New Haven, the New Haven 
House, Tontine, Tremont, &c. 

Resuming rail, on the New Haven, Hartford and 
Springfield road, and now running northward, away 
from the Sound — passing Wallingford, Meriden 
(great Britfcaniaware and other metallic manufactory) 
and other stations of less importance, is reached 

Haktfoed, on the Connecticut Eiver, a large 
town with much beauty, of location, large manufac- 
turing interests, and dividing with New Haven the 
seat of government of the State. (Reached by steam- 
ers from New York). It has an educational institu- 
tion of eminence, known as Trinity College ; the Con- 
necticut Historical Society y the Watkinson Dibary, 
with rare books, pictures and statuary; Wadsworth 
Atheneum, etc. ; and among the handsome buildings 
of the town are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, Retreat 
for the Insane, Hospital, etc. The Charter Oak 
(place of hiding of the old Connecticut Charter from 
a tyrannical Governor) long one of the boasts of 
Hartford, blew down in 1856 ; but the place where 
it stood is still- shown by a slab. Amoug present 
curiosities are the late Col. Coifs Fire- Arms Manu- 
factory, the house occupied by the late Mrs. Sigour- 
ney, the poetess, etc. There are also many pictur- 
esque short excursions from Hartford, the most 
prominent among them being those to Talcott 
Mountain, Wether sfield, Prospect Hill, &c. Leading 
hotels, Allyn House and United States. 

Beyond Hartford, pasing Windsor, and Windsor 



106 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ziocks (water power and important manufactures), 
and other minor stations, is reached 

Speikgfield, Massachusetts, also lying on the 
Connecticut River, one of the most important towns 
of the State, and peculiarly notable for its diversity 
of railway communication. [Connection, here, east- 
ward to Boston and we&tward to Albany, by the 
Boston and Albany road ; southward to Hartford, 
New Haven and New York, by the New Haven, 
Hartford and Springfield ; northward to the White 
Mountains of New Hampshire, to Vermont and 
Canada, by the Connecticut Biver and other inter- 
secting roads]. A prominent source of prosperity as 
well as object of interest is the United States Arse- 
nal and Arms Manufactory r , the largest in America, 
located here, furnishing extensive employment and 
supplying the celebrated " Springfield Bine." (Writ- 
ten of by Mr. Longfellow, in one of his finest poems, 
"The Arsenal at Springfield") It has also other 
and important manufactures — especially of carri- 
ages; handsome public grounds, in the Cemetery, 
Hampden Park, &c. ; and is considered one of the 
most charming places of residence in the East. 
Prominent hotels, the Massasoit, Cooleifs, &c. 
From Springfield, by Palmer, direct to 
Woitc ester, another of the large and important 
towns of Massachusetts, with extensive manufactures 
and even more numerous railway connections than 
Springfield. [Westward, by Boston and Albany road 
(Western) to Springfield and Albany, and Spring- 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN 107 

field, New Haven and New York. Eastward, by 
Boston and Worcester, to Boston. Northward, by 
Worcester and Nashua, to the White Mountains and 
Canada. Southward, by Norwich and Worcester, to 
New London, and Shore Line road and line of 
steamers to New York. South-eastward, by Wor- 
cester and Providence, to Providence, Newport, &c] 
It has some fine public buildings, among which may 
be mentioned the State Lunatic Asylum, Mechanics 9 
Hall, building of the American Antiquarian Society, 
&c, and divides with Springfield pre-eminence in the 
manufacture of railway and other carriages. Lead- 
ing hotel, the Bay State. 

From Worcester, by Grafton, Framingham, Na- 
tich (home of U. S. Senator Wilson) West Newton, 
Brighton and other minor stations, direct to 

Boston. [See ahead — (l At and about Boston."] 

Division B. 

BY RAIL, BY PROVIDENCE (SHORE LINE). 

Leave New York by 12.15 P. M. express of the 
New Haven Railroad. (May leave by night-express, 
but at sacrifice of scenery). Take tickets by "Shore 
Line," as distinguished from those by "Springfield;" 
and be sure that Shore Line carriage is taken. To 
New Haven, as from Springfield route preceding. 

From New Haven, due east (New Haven, New 
London, and Stonington road) along or near the 
shore of the Sound, with closer and still finer views 



108 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE 

than those before reaching New Haven — by Guil- 
ford, Madison, Clinton &c., to 

Crossing of the Connecticut River, at Lyme. 
(At Saybrooh Junction, near, connection by Valley 
road, south to Saybrooh, north to Middlctown, &c.) 
By S. Lyme, and E. Lyme, Waterford, &c, to 

New London, at the mouth of the Thames Eiver 
— a sea-port of some importance, and formerly depot 
of one of the great whaling-fleets, before the late 
decay of that trade. [Line of large and fine steamers 
from and to New York, every evening : communi- 
cating by rail to and from Boston, by Norwich and 
Worcester.] Harbor considered one of the finest 
on the Atlantic coast, and defended by splendid for- 
tifications, Fort Trumbull being the principal, below 
the city and at the right, towards mouth -of the 
harbor. New London, an attractive place of resort 
and residence in many respects, has a peculiar and 
melancholy interest as having been long the business 
place of Benedict Arnold, the traitor, whose sign 
over one of the old shops is still pointed out. The 
principal public buildings, worth notice, are the 
Custom House, Court House, Female Academy, &c. 
At the mouth of the harbor the Pequot House is a 
very attractive place of summer sea-side resort. 

From New London the Thames is crossed by ferry 
boat (part of train carried over, with through-passen- 
gers, and lunch on boat) to Qroton, on the opposite 
bank— for some years the depot of another steam- 
boat line between New York and Boston, now 



ROUTE NO. 4— EASTERN. 109 

abandoned. Groton, by rail, still within frequent 
sight of the Sound, to Mystic, somewhat famous for 
wooden-ship building, and 

Stonington, Connecticut, Sound port of some im- 
portance, lying at the mouth of river of same name. 
[Line of large steamers to and from New York, 
every evening : communicating by rail to and from 
Boston, by Providence.] Stonington, by Westerly 
and other stations, including 

Wickford [railroad and steamboat communication 
direct to Newport, in connection with trainsj ; and 
East Greenwich [old steamboat route to Newport 
in connection with trains] — to 

Providence, capital of the State of Rhode Island, 
and one of the principal towns of the Eastern States. 
It lies on Providence River, extending from Narra- 
gansett Bay ; has much beauty in location and enor- 
mous wealth in buildings and the appointments of 
residents ; manufactures very extensively, in engines, 
heavy machinerieo, cottons, prints, jewelries, &c; 
and has nearly two hundred and fifty years of anti- 
quity since its foundation by Roger Williams, when 
driven from the colony of Massachusetts Bay on 
account of his religious opinions. It is the seat of 
Brown University, a literary institution of the first 
eminence, with a large and valuable library ; and is 
also noted for the number and excellence of its 
public schools. The two handsomest public build- 
ings in the town are the Rhode Island Hospital and 
the Custom House; though there are very many 



110 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

fine edifices connected with the numerous public 
charities of the city, among which may be named 
the Reform School, the Dexter Asylum for the Poor, 
Butler Hospital for the Insane, Home for Aged Wo- 
men, &c. It has also several imposing churches, 
banks and other edifices ; and Swan Point Ceme- 
tery, Narragansett Parle, and other public grounds 
deserve visit and notice. The Soldiers 1 and Sailors' 
Monument, recently erected, is also worthy of notice. 
Leading hotels, the City Hotel, and Aldrich House. 

[Railway communication with Boston, by Boston 
and Providence road ; with Worcester, by Providence 
and Worcester ; with Hartford, by Hartford, Provi- 
dence & Fishkill; with Newport, by Providence and 
Newport; with New London, by Stonington and 
Providence, &c. ; with New York, by road just trav- 
ersed, and by lines of steamers from Fall River and 
Newport, &c], 

[Pawtucket, near Providence, is the seat of heavy 
manufactures, and of the first cotton-mill ever built 
in America.] 

Providence, by Pawtucket, Attleboro, Mansfield, 
Foxboro, Readville, &c, to 

Boston. 

Division C. 

BY BOAT, BY NEWPORT OR FALL RIVER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., daily (except late au- 
tumn, winter, and early spring, when the hour is 4 
P. M. — see bills at hotels) by boats of the Narragan- 



ROUTE NO. 4,— EASTERN 111 

sett Steamship Company, by Long Island Sound, for 
Newport or Fall Eiver as may be preferred. This 
route, as well as the other Sound routes about to be 
named, affords not only a delightful sail, in the cus- 
tomary fine weather of summer, but conveys a better 
idea than can otherwise be attained, of the size and 
magnificence of the vessels employed in this transit. 
Leaving the pier and proceeding past the whole line 
of the city, then past the islands lying in the Sound 
or East Eiver, and up the Sound itself, — unequalled 
opportunities are enjoyed for observing the water- 
front of the city, the extent of the penal and bene- 
volent institutions on BlacJcwelVs Island, Randall's 
Island, Ward's Island, &c, the rocky dangers of 
Hell Gate, the attractive scenery of the river shores 
(Long Island on the right ; New York or Manhattan 
Island on the left) ; the extensive fortifications guard- 
ing that approach to the city, in Fort Schuyler, at 
Throg's Neck, etc. — daylight lasting, in the warm 
season, until all these points of interest are passed, 
and the remainder of the course up the Sound offer- 
ing few attractions other than those of a marine 
character. 

At an early hour in the morning is reached 
the end of the route by Sound, and place of debar- 
kation for those who wish to vist the watering place 
and afterwards proceed thence to Boston by rail, — 
in 

Newport, one of the largest and most important 
towns of Rhode Island, and one of the most cele- 



112 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

brated and fashionable of American sea-side resorts, 
for the past quarter of a century or longer. It lies 
on Narragansett Bay, at near the entrance from Long 
Island Sound, and boasts a harbor of peculiar beauty 
as well as one of a depth of water almost unequalled. 
It has a fine bathing-beach, markedly safe, within 
short-riding-distance of the principal hotels ; and at 
greater distance are to be found and visited the re- 
markable groups of rocks known as Paradise, Pur- 
gatory^ the Hanging Rocks, etc. The Glen, the 
Spouting Horn, Lily Pond and the Dumpling Rocks, 
are also places of much picturesque interest to visit- 
ors and residents ; while at some ten miles distant, 
south-eastward, lie Seconnet Point and "West Island, 
the latter supplying the very best sea-shore-fishing 
on the American coast. Fort Adams, at near the 
mouth of the harbor, is one of the largest and strong* 
est fortifications in the North ; and the ride to it> 
from the town, is one of the afternoon features of 
Newport life. Another peculiarity of Newport is the 
fine sailing in and about the harbor, securing the 
constant presence of yachts, and many regattas 
during the season, on a more or less extensive scale. 
And yet another is to be found in the wide extent of 
lawned and terraced bluff, overlooking the sea, where 
are located an immense number of summer-cottages 
of the wealthy, giving a higher tone to the prevalent 
hotel-life, even while moderating and to some degree 
lessening it. One marked object of interest is to be 
found at Newport — the Round Tower, alternately 



ROUTE NO. 4.— EASTERN. 113 

called a Norse remain and a wind-mill, but around 
which Longfellow, adopting the former belief, wove 
his marvellously beautiful poem, the "Skeleton in 
Armor/' There are also some patriotic erections and 
antiquities of interest : among the structures the old 
State House, Commodore Perry's House, the Vernon 
Mansion, the First Baptist Church (1638), the Perry 
Monument, &c. ; and of minor antiquities, Franklin's 
Printing Press (now or late in the office of the 
Newport Mercury newspaper), the ancient Chair of 
State of the Colony, etc. Of modern buildings of 
merit, the number is considerable. Newport has the 
additional celebrity of having been the birth-place of 
Gilbert Stuart, the painter, Malbone, the miniature- 
painter, and Commodore Perry; and Cooper flung 
round it a romantic interest as the opening scene 
of the " Red Rover." Leading Hotels : the Ocean 
House, Atlantic, United States, and Perry. 

[Above Newport, within convenient riding or sail- 
ing distance, lies the fine eminence of Mount Hope, 
with interesting reminiscences of the Indian King 
Philip, and splendid views over Narragansett Bay, 
the city, harbor, &c] 

[Newport to Boston, by rail, by Fall River and 
connection with the Old Colony road, or by Provi- 
dence.] . 

If not wishing to stop at Newport, and still pro- s 
ceeding to Boston, on some New York steamer 
from which debarkation has before been supposed, 



114 SII0BT-TR1P GUIDE. 

the route will be pursued by remaining on boat until 
its next and final landing, at 

Fall Eiver, a thriving manufacturing town on 
Taunton Eiver, eastern branch of Narragansett Bay, 
within the State of Massachusetts though near 
the Ehode Island border. Peculiarly noted for 
works in machinery, in heavy irons, and in cottons 
and prints. [Communication with Newport and 
Providence by boat and rail.] Mount Hope, before 
alluded to, is in view from Fall Eiver and may be 
most conveniently reached from this point ; and the 
bridge connecting Ehode Island (island) and the 
main land is near, at Tiverton. 

Fall Eiver to Boston, by rail of the Old Colony 
Road. 

Division D. 

BY BOAT, BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH & WORCESTER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the 
Norwich and Worcester Line, on the Sound, 
the route displaying precisely the same fea- 
tures as that before named, (except that the run by 
sea is shorter and less exposed in rough weather, and 
that rail is taken at an earlier hour) to 

New London [see previous description.] 

New London, by rail on the Norwich and "Wor- 
cester road, to 

Norwich, very old and handsome small town of 
Connecticut, picturesquely situated at the head of 
navigation of the river Thames, with its steep streets 



ROUTE NO. 4.- EASTERN. 115 

literally lying on terraces, but many manufactures, 
much commercial prosperity, and no small number 
-of old buildings recalling the early historic days of 
the State. 

From Norwich, still by rail of the Norwich and 
Worcester road — by Plainfield [junction, for Provi- 
dence, Newport, &c], by Putnam, Webster, Worces- 
ter, &c, to Boston. 

Division E. 

BY BOAT, BY STONINGTON AND PROVIDENCE. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the Stoning- 
ton Steamboat Company, on the Sound, with same 
features as those of two previous routes, though less 
extensive in sea-voyage than that to Newport, and 
longer than that to New London — to 

Sto ntngton, Connecticut (before referred to in 
Shore- Line route by rail), at mouth of Stonington 
river, near the Sound, 

Stonington by Providence, by rail, with same 
features shown in that division of the Shore-Line 
rail route, to Boston. 

Division F. 

AT AND ABOUT BOSTON, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

B jSTONT, Capital of the State of Massachusetts, one 
of the largest, most influential and handsomest of 
the cities of America, and in many regards the most 



116 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

remarkable of all — lies at the extreme western point 
of Massachusetts Bay, where that body of water is 
entered by the Charles Eiver ; and most of the old 
city is erected on a peninsula of several hundred acres, 
extending up from Roxbury, at the south, and curved 
around by the wide mouth of the Charles Eiver, 
which thus divides from it Cambridge on the west, 
Charlestown on the north, and Chelsea and East 
Boston on the east. All these form parts of the 
present city, however, by means of different bridges 
spanning the river mouth and edge of the harbor ; 
and the result is that Boston seems from some points 
of view to be almost as completely a " City of the 
Sea " as Venice. Northeast of it, at some miles dis- 
tance, the bold headland of JVahant runs southward 
from the mainland at Lynn, behind Chelsea point, 
adding to the picturesqueness of the whole harbor, 
as well as aiding the several islands ( Castle Island, 
fortified by Fort Independence ; Governor's Island, 
Fort Winthrop ; George's Island, Fort Warren ; Deer 
Island, occupied by House of Industry and other 
public buildings ; and others, minor in size and im- 
portance) in sheltering it from the rough winds of 
the east. An additional feature of the old city, or 
" Boston Proper," is found in three eminences or 
slight hills on and among which it was originally 
built, giving it the name of the il Tri-Montane City," 
and originating the name of " Tremont " so inti- 
mately connected with it. On the highest of these 
stands the State House, the whole city appearing to 



ROUTE NO. I.— EASTERN. 117 

slope up to it, and the view, on approach, being thus 
rendered peculiarly impressive. 

With reference to transit through and about Bos- 
ton, it may be said that many of the streets, especi- 
ally in the older portions of the town, are crooked 
and involved to a proverb, but that the street-car 
system is very extensive, complete and convenient, 
and that carriage-hire, though high in comparison 
to European, is less exorbitant than in New York. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting are Beacon 
Street, at the top of the Common, the most fashion- 
able ; Tremont Street, at the bottom of the Common, 
blending of fashion and business ; Washington St. t 
nearly parallel with the latter, southward, business 
centre; State, Congress, and other streets in the 
neighborhood of the Old State House, financial, law, 
etc. Other and newer streets and avenues, lying on 
the Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, are now, 
however, fashionable ; and here have been erected 
the Coliseums for the two great Musical Jubilees. 

Of Public Grounds, Boston has two, within the 
city proper, of peculiar prominence : the Common, a 
triangular park of nearly fifty acres, sloping down 
from the State House, handsomely shaded, with a 
Pond or Lake, and in an enclosure near the middle, 
the celebrated Old Mm called the "Liberty Tree; " 
and the Public Garden, adjoining the Common on 
the West, with a handsome Lake, bridges, floral 
walks, and a fine statue of Washington, by Ball. 

Of Antiquities, principally connected with the 



118 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

War of the Revolution, Boston has many of interest : 
Faneuil Hall, Faneuil Hall Square, otherwise known 
as the " Cradle of Liberty," where early meetings of 
patriots were held (still used for meeting purposes, 
and containing some national portraits) ; the Old 
State House, State Street; Brattle Street Church, 
Brattle Street (with one of the round shot of the 
Charlestown bombardment still embedded in the front 
wall ;) Old South Church, corner of Washington and 
Milk Streets ; Ordway Sail, Province House Court, 
once the residence of the Colonial Governors ; Liberty 
Tree, Boston Common; and many others of minor 
consequence. 

Of Public Buildings, deserving attention, are the 
State House (Capitol), Beacon Street, with interest- 
ing military and other memorials, legislative cham. 
bers, etc., within, and splendid and extensive view 
from the roof; Custom House, foot of State Street ; 
Exchange, State Street (Post Office below) ; Court 
House, Court Square ; City Hall, School Street (colos- 
sal statue of Franklin, in front) ; Massachusetts 
General Hospital, Allen Street; City Hospital, Harri- 
son Avenue ; Quincy Market, adjoining Faneuil Hall ; 
Boston Public Library, Boylston Street; Masonic 
Temple, corner Tremonfc and Boylston Streets, etc. 
Other erections of interest, the Boston Water Works 
(Reservoir), Derne Street ; the Bridges, connecting 
the various suburbs with the city proper; the Wliarves 
(Long, India., Central, Commercial, etc.), several of 
them of great extent and the system the best on the 
Continent. 



ROUTE NO. 4.— EASTERN. 119 

Of Monuments, of course, the first place is taken 
by the Bunker Hill Monument, on Breed's Hill, site 
of the Ee volution ary battle of the first name. It ia 
a plain obelisk of granite, of great height, ascended 
from within, and from the top commanding a most 
extensive and magnificent view. Near it stands the 
Warren Statue, in honor of Dr. Joseph Warren, who 
fell in the battle. In State House, statue of Wash- 
ington, by Ohantrey ; and in front of same building, 
bronze statues of Daniel Webster and Horace Mann 
(great Massachusetts organizer of education). In 
front of City Hall, colossal Franklin, before noticed. 
In Public Garden, equestrian Washington, by Thog* 
Ball, also before noticed. 

Churches of prominence : St. Paul's (Episcopal), 
Tremont Street ; Christ Church (date 1722), Salem 
Street ; Old South (date 1730), Washington and 
Milk Streets; Brattle Street (Unitarian— date 1773), 
Brattle Street ; King^s Chapel (Unitarian — date 1750), 
Tremont and School Streets; Park Street (Congre- 
gational, with finest spire in the city), Park Street, 
facing Tremont; Central (Congregational: consid- 
ered the handsomest in the City), Berkeley and New- 
bury Streets ; Trinity (Episcopal — date 1735), Sum- 
mer and Hawley Streets; Tremont Temple (general 
devotional) Tremont Street ; Immaculate Conception 
(Roman Catholic), Harrison Avenue, &c, &c. 

In Libraries and Literary Institutions Boston is 
peculiarly rich, the intellectual and educational 
status of the City being especially enviable. Among 



120 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

the more notable libraries may be mentioned the 
Boston Public Library ; the Athenceum, (with gal- 
lery of paintings and sculpture); the Mercantile; 
American Academy of Arts and Sciences; Natural 
History Society ; Massachusetts Historical Society ; 
State, Law, General Theological, and others. 

Commercial Buildings of much merit in architec- 
ture abound in Boston ; though many of the finest 
on Franklin, Devonshire, Summer, Washington, 
Congress, and other streets, were destroyed in the 
great fire of November, 9-10th, 1872 — the largest 
ever occurring in America, after that of Chicago, and 
involving the loss of $70,000,000. Boston has won- 
derful powers of recuperation, and great intrinsic 
resources, however; and will soon display all its 
former magnificence, with many improvements. 

Principal Theatres, etc. the Boston Theatre (opera- 
house, at intervals), Washington Street; Globe 
Theatre (late Selwyn's), Washington Street ; Boston 
Museum, Tremont Street ; Howard Athenceum, How- 
ard Street ; Music Hall, Winter Street, near Tre- 
mont (with organ of immense size and power, se- 
cond in the world), etc. Prominent Hotel Build- 
ings (also Hotels) : the American, Hanover Street ; 
Parker, School Street; St James, Newton Street; 
United States, Beach Street; Tremont, Tremont 
Street ; Revere, Bowdoin Square, etc. 

Excursions from the City, on foot, by horse-car, 
or carriage, include those to Harvard University, 
Cambridge, with 15 buildings, an Anatomical Mu- 



ROUTE NO. 4.— EASTERN. 121 

seum, an Observatory, and the first educational rank 
in the Western World ; to the Washington Head 
Quarters (now residence of Professor Longfellow, the 
poet,) also at Cambridge, with Tree, under which 
Washington took command of the American forces ; 
to Mount AiCburn Cemetery, four miles from the city, 
, with Tower, commanding excellent view; Chapel, 
containing stained windows, busts of Adams, Win- 
throp, Story, &c. ; and Spurzheim, Bowditch, and 
other handsome and attractive monuments in the 
grounds; to Forest Hill and Mount Hope Cemete- 
ries, Eoxbury ; to Woodlawn Cemetery, near Chelsea ; 
to Cochituate Lake, whence the water-supply for Bos- 
ton is drawn ; to Wenliam Lake, whence is derived 
most of the American ice-supply for Europe ; to 
Fresh Pond, a place of summer resort near Mount 
Auburn, etc. Those by boat or carriage will include 
Nahant, bold headland on the east of the harbor, 
once a fashionable watering-place, and always cool, 
attractive and pleasant ; Lynn, near Nahant, famous 
as the head of the shoe-manufacture of the world ; 
Chelsea Beach, Swampscott and Phillips* Beach, 
northward of Nahant ; Nantashet Beach, south side 
of the harbor, etc. 

From Boston, also, may be conveniently reached 
[by Boston and Lowell railroad], 

Lowell, large and thriving town on the Merri- 
mac Eiver, at its junction with the Concord. It is 
the largest of the American manufacturing towns, 
and considered the Manchester of the Western 



123 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

"World, not less than 50 to 60 large mills being em- 
ployed in the manufacture of cottons, prints, woollens, 
etc., and the operative labor reaching to the number 
of from 14,000 to 15,000, a large majority females, of 
rare intelligence for their class. The Pawtucket 
Falls, near the city, furnish the water-power for all 
the Mills, many of which, with the Falls themselves 
and some of the principal buildings and public 
grounds of the town, are worth examination. Lead- 
ing Hotels : the Merrimac, Washington, and Ameri- 
can, [Rail connection to Groton for all points 
westward; to Nashua, for points northward; to 
Lawrence, eastward, etc.] 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
south-eastward, [Old Colony road], 

Plymouth (" Plymouth Kock"), place of landing 
of the Pilgrim Fathers, with Pilgrims' Hall and 
many interesting relics of the early settlement ; and 

New Bedford, on Vineyard Sound, at the head 
of what remains of the whaling business, and a sea- 
port of picturesque location and prominence; or [by 
same and Cape Cod railroad], 

Cape Cod, Yarmouth, Hyannis, and all that wild 
and desolate but interesting section of the Atlantic 
coast. 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston^ 
(by Eastern railway, by Somerville, South Maiden, 
Chelsea, Lynn and Swampscott), 

Salem, very old town and port on the coast, with 
a certain celebrity on account of the witch-burnings 



ROUTE NO. ^.-EASTERN. 12a 

and other events of Colonial times, and very pictur- 
esque in location and many of its buildings ; but 
much more notable, now, as at one time the residence 
of Nathaniel Hawthorne and scene of his " House of 
the Seven Gables" and other stories. Also (by 
Fitchburg Kailway), 

Concord, on the Concord branch of the Merrimac 
Eiver, noted for beauty of scenery in the neighbor- 
hood, and in connection with the literary labors of 
Henry D. Thoreau, Hawthorne, and others. 

Also may be visited, by steamer from New Bedford, 
Martha's Vineyard, island off the coast, spot 
selected every year in August for the great annual 
Camp-Meeting of the Methodist denomination, and 
now becoming a place of popular resort for bathing 
and sea-shore residence, with hotels. (May also be 
reached, direct from New York, by steamer for 
Portland). 



ROUTE NO. 5 -EASTERN. 

.BOSTON TO PORTLAND, QUEBEC AND MONTREAL, BY 

BOSTON AND MAINE, EASTERN, AND GRAND 

TRUNK ROADS. 

Division A. 

BOSTON TO AND AT PORTLAND, BY BOSTON AND 
MAINE ROAD. 

Leave Boston by rail on the Boston and Maine 
railroad, by Medford, Melrose, South Reading Junc- 
tion [connection for North Danvers, Georgetown 
and Newburyport], Reading, Wilmington Junction 
[connection for Lowell], and minor stations, to 

Lawrence, large manufacturing town of the State 
of Massachusetts, with heavy specialty of cotton and 
prints, lying on the Merrimac River, whence, by 
means of a dam, the important water-power is de- 
rived. Some of the mills are of immense size and 
capacity, employing operators to the number of thou- 
sands. Has a Common, a City Hall, and other build- 
ings worth notice ; and an Operative Library form- 
ing a special feature. [Railway connection with 
Lowell, and thence with Nashua and the North, 
with Boston and the South, &c. ; also Northwest 
with Manchester, Concord, &c] 

Lawrence by N. Andover, Bradford [connection 
for Georgetown and Newluryport], Haverhill (with 
fine long Bridge over the Merrimac to Bradford, and 



ROUTE NO. 5.— EASTERN. 125 

some educational institutions of prominence), Atkin- 
son, Newton, &c, to 

Exeter, New Hampshire, lying on Exeter River, 
and a place of importance in coasting commerce and 
manufactures; thence by S. Newmarket to 

Newmarket Junction [connection west to Concord 
and the Franconia Range of the White Mountains; 
and east to 

Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on the Piscataqua 
River, second city of the State in importance, with 
a large and very fine harbor ; a United States Navy 
Yard ; and a connection, by bridge, with Kittery, 
Maine, also an important naval station. From 
Portsmouth can be reached Eye Beach and Hampton 
Beach, attractive bathing-places on the New Hamp- 
shire coast, and the Isles of Shoals, off the coast, 
celebrated fishing and summer resorts.] 

Pursuing the main line, Newmarket Junction, by 
Newmarket, Durham, &c. (within sight of the broad 
Piscataqua) to 

Dover, New Hampshire, thriving town on the 
Piscataqua. [Connection, west, for Alton Bay, Lake 
Winnepesaukie, and the White Mountains.] 

Dover, by Salmon Falls [connection for Great 
Falls, Rochester, and to Alton Bay, &c] ; by South 
Berwick Junction [connection eastward for Kittery 
and Portsmouth} ; by Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, 
Saco (large manufacturing village on the Saco River, 
with extensive water-power and very handsome 
Laurel Hill Cemetery), West Scarboro, Cape Eliza- 
beth, and minor stations, to 



126 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Portland, commercial metropolis of the State of 
Maine, and one of the most important cities of the 
East, lying on a peninsula at the Southwest of Casco 
Bay, with a very handsome and convenient location 
and one of the deepest and best harbors on the At- 
lantic coast. The harbor has many fine islands, and 
is defended by Fort Preble and other extensive forti- 
cations. A great fire, in 1866, destroyed a large por- 
tion of the city, but the marks are now only visible 
in the increased beauty of the well-laid-out and 
handsomely-shaded city. From the Observatory, 
overlooking the harbor, fine views can be caught 
over the sea and coast, and over the distant country, 
West to the White Mountains. The most extensive 
thoroughfare is Congress street, which runs the whole 
distance of the peninsula. Among the most notable 
buildings are the City Hall, Court House, Marine 
Hospital, and some of the churches, manufacturing 
and commercial structures. The Atheneum and 
Mercantile Library have fine libraries; and the 
Natural History Society possesses an excellent cabi- 
net of varied character. Excursions from Portland 
include the Islands in the Bay ; Cape Elizabeth, a 
favorite bathing and fishing resort on south side of 
tne Bay; Sebago Pond; and many of minor inter- 
est. Prominent Hotels at Portland : the Falmouth, 
Preble, &c. 

[The Allan Lines of steamships between Liver- 
pool and Glasgow, and Halifax, Quebec and Mon- 
treal, make Portland an important depot at all sea- 



ROUTE NO. 5.— EASTERN. 127 

sons and the port and end of sea-route in the winter 
season.] 

[Kail way connection from Portland southward, 
by route just traversed; to Montreal and Quebec, by 
Grand Trunk (see route following) ; to Augusta, 
Bangor j Moosehead Lake, &c, by the Maine Central; 
to Lake Winnepesaukie and the White Mountains, 
by the North New Hampshire, &c] 

Division B. 

BOSTON TO PORTLAND, BY EASTERN RAILROAD. 

Leave Boston by rail on the Eastern Railroad, by 

Lynn, important manufacturing town, on the 
upper side of Boston Harbor, with specialty of the 
most extensive shoe-manufacturing in the world; by 

Salem, old town and port on the coast, with an 
important history in colonial times, and interesting 
reminiscences of Hawthorne (see p. 122) ; by 

Beverly, celebrated as the home of the peculiar 
New England dish, " baked-beans " (connections 
eastward to Gloucester and Cape Ann) ; by Ipswich ; 
by 

Newburyport, town and coasting-seaport of 
prominence, lying at the mouth of the Merrimac 
River, with a fine harbor and much beauty in loca- 
cation and surroundings, and by many considered 
one of the handsomest towns in Massachusetts. 
Hotel, the Merrimac House. [Connection west for 
Bradford, Lowell, &c] 



128 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Newburyport to 

Salisbury, small town of age and past importance, 
and with a mingled celebrity as the place where 
many considerable events in colonial history oc- 
curred, of which, and past residents, many inter- 
esting monuments remain in the neighborhood — as 
also as the birthplace of the mother of Daniel Web- 
ster, as that of Caleb Cushing, &c. [Connection 
westward is made from Salisbury to Amesbury, pil- 
grimage of no secondary importance as the home of 
one of the first of American poets, John" G-. 
Whittier.] 

Salisbury to 

Portsmouth, leading seaport and naval depot, 
belonging to the State of New Hampshire, and the 
only marine port of the State ; lying at the mouth 
of the Piscataqua River, with fine harbor, United 
States Navy Yard, costly dry-docks, and all appur- 
tenances of such a station ; also with some interest- 
ing churches, many fine buildings (some very old — 
among others the Langdon residence), tomb of Sir 
William Pepperell, well shaded streets, and much 
celebrity as a place of summer resort, of itself and 
as a place of departure for Rye Beach, Hampton 
Beach, the Isles of Shoals, and other hot-weather 
habitats. (See p. 125.) Hotels, the PhilbricTc, 
Rockingham, City, &c. 

Across the Piscataqua lies the town of 

Kittery, Maine, virtually a part of Portsmouth, 



ROUTE NO. 5— EASTERN. 128a 

though in another State, and forming also a part of 
the naval station. 

Portsmouth to 

Conway Junction (connection westward for Con- 
way and the White Mountains). To 

South Berwick Junction. [Connection with the 
Boston and Maine road, from the southward — iden- 
tical with this route thence by Kennebunk, Bidde- 
ford and Saco to Portland.] (See p. 126.) 

Division G. 

PORTLAND TO QUEBEC OR MONTREAL. 

Leave Portland by rail on the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way, by minor stations to Yarmouth Junction [con- 
nection for Augusta, capital of the State of Maine, 
lying on the Kennebec Eiver ; for Bangor, important 
town on the Penobscot Eiver ; and for towns and 
sections farther east] ; to Danville Junction [con- 
nection for Bangor, for Skowhegan and Moosehead 
Lake] ; by minor stations to Gorham, at the north- 
ern edge of the White Mountains [important inter- 
sections, by stage-coaches, to and from the mountain 
towns and resorts ; and views of the mountains, in 
fine weather, peculiarly striking, from all this section 
of the road] ; to Island Pond [connection, south- 
westward, with the Connecticut and Passumpsic 
River Railway, from Vermont and Franconia Notch 
sections] ; to Stanstead [carriage communication 
with Lake Memphremagog] ; to Sherbrook [another 



1285 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

connection with the Connecticut and Passnmpsic 
River line] ; to Richmond [point of divergence of 
the branches of the Grank Trunk road, to Montreal 
and Quebec]. 

Pursuing the route to Montreal: Eichmond by 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. Hilaire, and other un- 
important stations, to St. Lambert , on the St. Law- 
rence Eiver, the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. 

Pursuing the route to Quebec: Richmond by 
Danville, Arthabasca [connection by Bulstrode, to 
Doucefs Landing, on St. Lawrence River, at lower 
end of Lake St. Peter ; thence by ferry to Tliree 
Rivers, Canada] ; by Becancour, Black River, and 
minor stations, to Chaudiere Junction [connection 
for Riviere du Loup and Lower St. Lawrence] ; to 
Point Levi, on the St. Lawrence, whence ferry to 
Quebec. 

[For notes of Montreal and Quebec, see Canadian 
routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 6 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

BOSTON TO LAKE WINNIPESAUKIE, THE WHITE 
MOUNTAINS AND PORTLAND (OPTION OF CANA- 
DIAN CITIES) — BY BOSTON AND MAINE BAIL- 
ROAD, &C. 

Leave Boston by Boston and Maine railroad, as by 
route to Portland, &c. As by that route, to 

Dover, New Hampshire. Thence Dover and Win- 
nipesaukie road, by Gonic, Rochester [junction with 
road from Salmon Falls by Great Falls, and its ex- 
tension northward to ZTnionville] Farmington, 
Davis', New Durham and Alton, to 

Alton Bay, at the extreme southern point of Lake 
Winnipesauhie — pleasant residence, with fine views 
of the Lake and mountains northward, but deriving 
its principal importance from the railway and 
steamer transit through it. From Alton Bay a visit 
should be paid, if time allows, before proceeding 
northward, by " Lady of the Lake " or other staunch 
little steamers on the Lake, to 

Wolfboro', on the eastern side of the Lake, a 
charming summer resort, with fine views, excellent 
sailing and fishing, and much attraction and popu- 
larity as a residence. Hotel: the Pavilion. [Stage- 
coach may be taken at Wolfboro', for proceeding 
northward to Conway, without visiting Centre Har- 



130 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bor ; but this course is scarcely advisable on a first 
visit.] Wolfboro', again by steamboat, through 
charming lake-scenery, to 

Centre Harbor, larger village on the northern 
shore of the Lake, the location of which is considered 
unequalled by many tourists, as the Lake itself, 
with its exquisite combination of island groups and 
wooded shore, with bold mountains forming a back- 
ground in all northerly directions, is one of the 
very finest in America and with few superiors 
elsewhere. Leading Hotel: the Senter House, 
Among the finest points of mountain view, from 
Centre Harbor and elsewhere on the Lake, may be 
named Mounts Salmoribrook, Whiteface, Ossipee, 
Major, Chicorua, Red Mountain (ascent by carriage 
and on horseback), Kearsarge and Monadnoch. 
Many and charming excursions are made from the 
village, on the lakes, to the mountains and elsewhere; 
and among the most notable is that to Squam 
Lake, lying a few miles west of Winnipesaukie 
very romantic in scenery, and supplying rare trout 
and other fishing. 

At Centre Harbor stage-coach is taken, for re- 
mainder of the route northward to the White Moun- 
tains. This affords one of the most magnificent 
rides attainable iu the world, especially if fine 
weather allows outside seats on the coach to be 
used. The road leads up the Saco River, along the 
charming Conway Valley, with views of the Lake 
district lingering behind, and others of the great 



BO UTE NO. 6.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 131 

mountain section continually changing ahead, and 
with Mount Washington, the monarch of the east- 
ern range, often in sight. This ride terminates at 

Xokth Cokway, a picturesque village lying in the 
valley, from which the views of the White Range are 
something, in comparison, like those of Mt. Blanc 
from Chamounix, while the number of easy excur- 
sions to celebrated points is almost unequalled. It 
is here that many of the artists' summer sketches, 
especially of Kearsarge and Chicorua and the higher 
peaks of the White Mountains, all in full view, are 
made ; while the Ledges (grand perpendicular cliffs, 
nearly one thousand feet in height) Artists 9 Brook, 
the Cathedral, Diantfs Bath, &c, are within conve- 
nient reach. Prominent Hotels : the Kearsarge, 
Washington, McMillan, Cliff, etc. 

North Conway, by stage-coach or carriage, through 
Pinhham Notch, surrounded by the lesser giants of 
the White Range, to the 

Glen" House, with much fine scenery in the neigh- 
borhood, but especially notable as being the nearest 
of any of the mount ain resorts to the great peaks of 
the White Range, and giving the rarest views of 
them — as well as the point from which the ascent of 
Mount Washington is made, by rail. Among the 
points of interest to be visited from the Glen, are 
Tfiompson's and Glen Ellis Falls, the former on the 
Peabody River, some two miles from the hotel, 
and the latter on the Ellis, about four miles ; the 
Crystal Casca.de, near Glen Ellis; Garnet and 



132 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Emerald Pools, with peculiar colors indicated by 
their names, &c. But the speciality of the Glen 
House, as before noted, is the 

Ascent of Mount Washington, by railway. The 
features of this ascent need no description, especially 
to those who have made Alpine crossings by rail. 
It is considered eminently safe, has little fatigue in- 
volved, and certainly supplies all the elements of the 
picturesque and the exciting. Stout clothing is ad- 
visable, if not always necessary. This ascent being 
made in the morning, the top of the giant will be 
reached at the most favorable hour, and the wonder- 
ful view from the summit enjoyed, if the capricious 
weather allows that great privilege. This view is 
quite equal to that from the Rhigi or Pilatus, over 
Switzerland, though perhaps lacking the variety in 
scenery. To the west, in bright weather, are seen 
the higher peaks of the Green Mountains of Ver- 
mont ; southwest, some of the White and many of 
the Fran conia Range — especially Lafayette; north 
and north-east, the other great peaks of the White 
Range, and more distant the mountains of Canada ; 
east the sea, beyond Portland ; southeast and south 
those surrounding Lake Winnipesaukie, and that 
Lake itself; while various rivers, small lakes, towns 
and hamlets combine to make up a picture of mar- 
vellous extent and beauty. Dinner is provided at 
the Tip-Top House, on the summit, where during 
the last seasons scientists have resided all winter, to 
make observations. 



RO UTE NO. 6.- NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 133 

Horses (kept in waiting) and guides should be 
taken at the summit, and the descent made in the 
other direction, crossing Mts. Franklin, Monroe and 
Pleasant ; and the three wondrous gulfs, the Gulf 
of Mexico, Tucherman 's Ravine, and Oakes' Gulf 
(some or all of them containing deep snow in 
midsummer) will be pointed out by the guides. 
At the end of nine miles' descent will be reached 
the 

Craweokd House, lying in what is now called 
the Willey Notch, and nearly at the foot of ML 
Crawford, while Mt. Welder and other giants of the 
range show grandly northward. The most marked 
feature in the neighborhood of the Crawford, is 
the 

Willey House, standing at a short distance up the 
Notch, where in 1826 a landslide from the mountain 
above destroyed the family of the same name, and 
their residence — of which catastrophe many relics 
are yet pointed out and a few of them still offered 
for sale. From the Crawford may also be made 
the 

Ascent of Mt. Willard, practicable either by car- 
riage or on foot, and affording a most magnificent 
series of views from near the summit ; as also visit; 
to the Devil's Hen, a cave of peculiar wildness and 
some danger of access. Also may be visited, from the 
Crawford, GMs' Falls, a cascade of much beauty, 
reached by short walk from the house. 

From the Crawford House, by stage-coach or car- 



184 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

riage, by the White Mountain House, Falls of the 
Ammonoosuc, and Bethlehem, to the 

Pkofile House, in the Franconia Notch. 

[For notes on the Profile House and neighbor- 
hood, see termination of route: "New York to the 
"White Mountains, by New London, &c." — Route 
No. 7.] 

[The tourist who has made his arrival at the 
Franconia Notch by the just completed route from 
Boston, and who yet wishes to return southward 
without proceeding to either Quebec or Montreal, 
should pursue one of the following named routes in 
return, for the sake of variety in direction and 
scenery. 1st. From Littleton (stage-coach from the 
Profile House), by rail by Wells River, Plymouth, 
Weir's Landing, Concord, Worcester and New Lon- 
don, and steamboat of Norwich and Worcester line 
from New London to New York. (See route No. 
7: "New York to the White Mountains," reversing.) 
Or, 2d. From Littleton to Wells River, and con- 
tinue by rail by White River Junction, Bellows 
Falls, Springfield, Hartford and New Haven to New 
York. Or, 3d. From Littleton to Wells River, 
White River Junction, Bellows Falls, Rutland, Troy 
or Albany ; and down the Hudson River by boat or 
rail to New York. Or, 4th. From Littleton to Wells 
River, White River Junction, Burlington, boat on 
Lake Champlain to Ticonderoga (for Lake George) 
or Whitehall, Saratoga, Albany or Troy, and boat 
or rail to New York.] 



ROUTE NO. 6.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 135 

[To go northward from Littleton to Montreal or 
Quebec. For Moktkeal, to White River Junction, 
thence to Burlington, St. Alban's, and St. John's to 
the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. For Quebec, 
to Wells River, Neivport (Lake Memphremagog)., 
Lenoxville, Richmond and Arthabasca, to Point Levi 
and ferry to Quebec] 



- 



ROUTE NO. 7 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

2STEW YORK TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS AND CANADA, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 

LAKE WINNIPESAUKIE, ETC. ; OR BY NEW 

LONDON AND NORTHERN ROAD. 

Division A. 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 
MERRIMAC AND WINNIPESAUKIE ROUTE. 

Leave New York at 5 P. M., on Sound, by Nor- 
wich and Worcester boat, as by corresponding line 
for Boston. (See Boston route : " By boat by New 
London, &c") As by that route, to New London, 
Norwich, and to 

Worcester, p jint of separation of the trains east- 
ward for Boston and northward for the Mountains. 
Worcester to 

Groton Junction [connections eastward for Con- 
cord and Boston; also eastward for Loivell and 
Lawrence; also westward for the Hoosic Tunnel 
(immense work of engineering, on the Mt. Cenis 
plan, not yet completed), for Albany, Troy, &c] 
Very soon after leaving Groton Junction comes into 
yiew the Merrimac River, with the striking and pic- 
turesque scenery of the 

Valley of the Merrimac, considered among the 



RO UTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 137 

finest rivers in New England, and thenceforward ac- 
companying the traveler almost to the foot of the 
mountains. Next important point is 

Manchester, New Hampshire, large and thriving 
manufacturing village, on the Merrimac, the mills 
iil\& some other factories worthy of attention from 
those whose leisure permits stoppage, but showing 
even more than ordinary interest in manufacturing 
detail, even from the train. Hotel: the Manchester 
House. Manchester, still along the Merrimac, to 

Concord, capital of the State of New Hampshire, 
lying on the same river, and presenting many points 
of attraction for visitor residence. It has handsome 
public grounds; notable public buildings, in the 
State House (recently rebuilt), the State Lunatic 
Asylum, State Prison, and some of the municipal 
and other erections ; and Main street, the principal 
thoroughfare, is remarkably long, fine and well 
kept. It has great granite quarries in the neighbor- 
hood, a considerable amount of manufactures and 
much general prosperity. Leading Hotel : the Eagle 
House. [Connection by rail, eastward to Dover, 
Portsmouth, &c. ; westward to the Connecticut 
Valley routes northward and southward, &c] Con- 
cord (with distant but very fine views of the Win- 
nipesaukie and White Mountains commencing, and 
thence continuing, with infinite variations, to the 
end of the route), by Sanbornton and other stations 
to 

Weir's Landing, at the western edge of Lake 



138 SHORT- TRIP O UIDE. 

Winnipesauhie, with very fine views over the Lake 
and its many islands. [Connection, by boat on the 
Lake, for Centre Harbor or Wolfboro', and thenee by 
stage-coach for Conway and the White Range.] 
Weir's Landing, by Meredith, &c., to 

Plymouth, at the foot of the mountains, with 
splendid views southward and many attractions as a 
place of sojourn. Hotel : the FsTKigawasset. (Lei- 
surely pause, for dinner). 

[At Plymouth stage-coach or private carriage 
may be taken, for the splendid drive of twenty-five 
to thirty miles, up through the Valley of the Pemi- 
gawasset, to the Profile House — during which a se- 
ries of views will be enjoyed, approaching the moun- 
tains, not often equalled in any land.] 

From Plymouth, by rail, literally among the moun- 
tains, and among glorious scenery, to 

Wells River [connection westward for Montpelier 
(capital of the State of Vermont) and Northern 
Vermont; southward for White River Junction. 
Route may also be pursued northward, either before 
or after visiting the Franconia Notch, to Newport 
and the beautiful Lake Memphremagog, lying on 
the border between Vermont and Canada, and offer- 
ing fine views, picturesque scenery, excellent fishing, 
and many other attractions. Or, the same route 
may be pursued, to Newport, thence on by way of 
Richmond, &c, to Quebec, or bending westward 
from Richmond, to Montreal.] 

Wells River, through even grander scenery than 
that from Plymouth, to 



ROUTE NO. 7.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 180 

Littleton, small village at the entrance of the Fran- 
con ia Notch, whence stage-coach is taken, for the 
ride through the Notch, with many of the best 
features of American mountain scenery, to the 

Peofile House. [For notes on the Profile House 
and neighborhood, see immediately following.] 

Division B. 

BY NEW LONDON AND THE NEW LONDON NORTH- 
ERN ROUTE. 

New York by Norwich and Worcester boat on the 
Sound, 5 P. M., as by route just concluded, to 

New London. (Later rest is secured, by this 
route, than by that by Worcester and Winnipesau- 
kie, from the non-necessity of taking the train until 
5 A. M.) From New London by rail, by Norwich, 
through a very pleasant and prosperous part of the 
Sta^e of Connecticut, and past villages embodying 
large manufacturing interests ; by Willimantic (man- 
ufacturing village, with railway connections west- 
ward to the Hartford, Provider ce and Fishkill road) ; 
by Tolland, Stafford, Monson, &c, to Palmer [con- 
nections eastward to Worcester and Boston, west- 
ward to Springfield, for either Hartford, New Haven 
and New York, or Pittsfield, Albany and Troy']. 
Palmer to Amherst, where the peculiarly splendid 
scenery of the line, embodying the bold character- 
istics of the Green Mountain region of Vermont, 
may be said properly to begin, continuing thence all 
the way to White Eiver Junction. Amherst to 



140 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Groufs Corners, important station. [Connections, 
eastward to Fitchlurg, Groton and Boston; west- 
ward to Greenfield, North Adams, &c., and to 
Albany and Troy.] Grout's Corners, by South 
Vernon, to 

Brattleboro, Vermont, thriving town on the 
Connecticut River, with some manufactures, a spe- 
cialty of being markedly healthy as a residence, and 
a State Lunatic Asylum bearing a very high reputa- 
tian. Brattleboro to 

Bellows Falls, also on the Connecticut River, de- 
riving its singular name from an ancient peculiarity 
of the river in the neighborhood. [Connections 
northwest to Rutland, Burlington, Lake Champlain, 
&c; and southeast to Keene, Groton, Boston, &c] 
Bellows Falls by Claremont and Windsor, to 

White River Junction, at the intersection of the 
White River with the Connecticut, important place 
of transfer in cross-travel. [Connections, west to 
Rutland, Whitehall, Saratoga, &c. ; northwest to 
Montpelier, Burlington, Rouse's Point and Canada ; 
east to Concord, Salem, Boston, &c] White River 
Junction to 

Wells River. [Northern connections to Newport, 
Lake Memphremagog, Quebec or Montreal, as in last 
previous route.] 

Wells River to Littleton ; thence by stage-coach 
as before noted, to the 

Profile House. 



BO UTE NO. 7.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 141 
Division C. 

AT AND ABOUT THE PKOFILE HOUSE (FRANCONIA 

NOTCH). 

Probably no section of mountain scenery in 
America, of like extent, presents so many points of 
interest and beanty as appear in the Franconia 
Notch, though in the detail of absolute grandeur it 
can by no means claim the same distinction. 
Taking the Profile House as the central point, the 
principal objects may be found grouped around it 
within very brief distance, as follows : 

Echo Lake, lying within a few hundreds of yards, 
embosomed in fine woods, under the brow of Eagle 
Cliff, affording fine views of Mt. Lafayette, charm- 
ing boating, and a repetition of echoes (from the 
Cliff), scarcely second to those of the Eagle's Nest 
at Killarney. The 

Cannon Mountain, at the base of which the Pro- 
file House stands, and ascended from it, with mod- 
erate difficulty, a magnificent view being the re- 
ward. On the top of the mountain, at near the brow 
overhanging the valley, some rocks, singularly dis- 
posed, suggest the shape of a Cannon, mounted on 
its carriage, whence the name; and the extreme 
brow of the mountain itself forms, in a peculiar com- 
bination of great rocks, the 

Old Man of the Mountain, colossal face, sixty feet 
in height from chin to brow, hanging over the im- 
mense gulf, and perfect in every detail of a majestic 



142 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

human face, as seen from the road at some distance 
below the Profile (which of course takes its name 
from that view). Below this, which is undoubtedly 
the most striking single curiosity of all the range, 
lies the little Profile Lake, sometimes called the 
"Old Man's Bath," or " Washbowl," or "Mirror," 
affording a wonderful reflection of the stony face in 
calm weather, and said to be full of fine trout. A 
mile below the Profile is to be reached (ride or 
walk), the Basin, pool of remarkable shape and 
character, and Old Man's Foot, lying in it in colos- 
sal stone. Thence, five miles further, the Flume 
House, summer resort, now disused ; and near it 

The Flume, only second to the Old Man of the 
Mountain as a great natural curiosity, being an im- 
mense fissure or split in the solid rock of the moun- 
tain, varying from 10 to 20 feet in width, and the 
walls from 20 up to 100 feet in height, with a small 
rapid stream brawling over rough stones below, and 
a boarded walk up the gorge. At one point, a hug^ 
oval stone, of many tons in weight, hangs by the 
two points midway up the chasm ; and at another 
a dangerous bridge has been thrown over, afc the 
top, by the falling of a tree. At no great distance 
from the Flume lies 

The Pool, a literal hole in the rock, of great depth 
and singularity of appearance, reached by a difficult 
climb down the bank, and formerly the abode of a 
strange madman named Merrill, who paddled visi 
tors round it in a crazy boat, declared it the "centre 



RO TJTE NO. 7.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 143 

of the earth," and exhibited a letter to him from 
Queen Victoria, dated at the Kitchen of Bucking- 
ham Palace! 

From the front of the Flume House and neigh- 
borhood is to be seen a natural wonder of great 
prominence, the 

Dead Washington, being the profile face and form 
of that hero, in a recumbent position and as if 
shrouded, lying at a length of miles, the shape sup- 
plied by the shapes and position of several moun- 
tains of the Haystack group. May also be seen, be- 
tween the Profile and the Flume, at some distance 
from the road, Walker's Falls, a fine cascade ; and 
two miles below the Flume, Georgiana Falls, the 
largest in the range. 

Of Ascents from the Profile, besides that of the 
Cannon, the principal are those of 

Mount Lafayette, the highest peak of the Franco- 
nia Range, and commanding a fine view, with only 
a limited amount of toil (horseback or foot) — and 
Bald Mountain, a lower elevation, but still with fine 
view (carriage). 

[From the Profile House to Crawford House, 
(carriage) for the White Eange and ascent of Mount 
Washington from that direction, with descent by 
rail to the Glen House ; or to Littleton, Wells River 
and White River Junction, for pursuance of the 
route to Canada.] 



ROUTE 8 -NEAR WESTERN. 

^EW YORK, BY RAIL, BY THE NEW JERSEY CITIES, 
TO AND AT PHILADELPHIA. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY THE PENNSYL- 
VANIA RAILROAD. 

Leave New York by the Pennsylvania Railroad, 
by ferry from foot of Oortlandt street, or foot of 
Desbrosses street ; cross the Hudson river, to 

Jersey City, a large and thriving town, lying in 
the State of New Jersey, but really a suburb and 
connection of New York, with which most of its 
more important business interests are identified. It 
is growing and improving rapidly, is laying out pub- 
lic grounds, has extensive Water- Works, and enjoys 
the specialty of the Cunard Bocks near the ferry, 
from which sail all the steamers of that popular line. 
Hotels, Taylor's, American, FisFs, &c. From Jer- 
sey City, by rail, across flat and uninteresting 
country, to 

Newark, on the Passaic River, now largest city 
in the State, and one of the handsomest, as well as 
most important in point of manufactures, especially 
of leather, carriages and fancy work. [Reached by 
steamboat and other water-conveyance from New 



ROUTE NO. 9.— NEAR WESTERN. 145 

York. Also reached from New York by train on 
the Newark and New York road, from foot of 
Liberty street ; and (northern portion) by the Mor- 
ris acd Essex road, from foot Barclay street.] It is 
regularly laid out; has two handsome parks, many 
charming drives in the neighborhood ; a great num- 
ber and variety of the residences of the wealthy on 
Broad and other principal streets ; some public 
buildings worthy of attention (including the Post 
Office, City Hall, County Court House and several 
of the many churches) ; and is famed for the excep- 
tional beauty of its female population, as seen on 
promenade or elsewhere. Hotel : the Newark House. 
From Newark visit may be paid to Orange, very 
beautiful village, lying near, at the north; to the 
Orange Mountains ; to the popular place of resort, 
Llewellyn Parle, &c. Or, they may be reached di- 
rectly from New York by the Morris and Essex 
road, foot of Barclay street.] Newark to 

Elizabeth, smaller town somewhat resembling 
Newark in appearance and general characteristics, 
though less notable in manufactures and possibly ex- 
celling the other in the finished beauty of some of 
its suburban grounds and wealthy residences. Has 
the specialty of being passed through, daily, by 
more railway trains than almost any other town in 
America, two great lines intersecting in it, and an 
immense coal- trade from Eastern Pennsylvania 
passing through it to its adjoining town and the 
principal entrepot and shipping-port of that article, 



146 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Elizalethport. Eivals Newark in female beauty, in 
fashion and the wealth of residents. [Also reached 
from New York by the New Jersey Central road, 
foot of Liberty street.] Elizabeth to 

Railway, handsome village, also much affected as 
a residence of citizens, and with specialty of con- 
siderable manufactures, for the Southern and other 
markets. Eahway to 

New Brunswick, one of the oldest towns in the 
State, though inferior in size to several others. It 
is pleasantly situated on the Earitan Eiver, has a 
considerable amount of manufactures, and is the 
point of entrance into the Earitan Eiver and Bay of 
the same name (Lower New York Bay), of the Dela- 
ware and Raritan Canal, from the Delaware Eiver 
at Bordentown. Its principal celebrity, however, 
lies in its being the seat of Rutgers College, and the 
Theological Seminary of the Eeformed Dutch 
Church, both old and influential institutions, hold- 
ing excellent rank. Among the buildings best worth 
notice, are those of the College, on an elevated 
square, within view from the railway; the Theo- 
logical Hall j the County Buildings, in the public 
square ; and several churches of prominence. Many 
fine drives are to be enjoyed by those making stay, 
into the handsome and well-cultivated country in 
the neighborhood, to Bound Brooh, &c. Leading 
Hotels, the Railroad, Bulls Head, &c. 

Beyond New Brunswick, the railway is accom- 
panied for much of the distance by the Delaware 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 147 

and Karitan Canal. At Monmouth Junction inter- 
section is made for Freehold, the Battle Ground of 
Monmouth, and south-eastern portions of the State. 
Next stopping place of importance, 

Pkistcetok — Station, the town lying away at the 
right, though in sight, and steam connection in wait- 
ing. Princeton is another of the old and import- 
ant towns of the State, with a peculiar status in Rev- 
olutionary history as having been the scene of one of 
Washington's most memorable conflicts, of which the 
field extends from the town itself to what is called 
the " Battle Ground," more than a mile distant. Its 
more marked celebrity, however, lies in its being the 
seat of the College of New Jersey (called alternately, 
" Princeton College/' and often, from one of the 
oldest buildings, " Nassau Hall.") It is also the seat 
of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian de- 
nomination, in connection with the College, which 
has long enjoyed a very high reputation, and which 
is now presided over by the celebrated Scotch di- 
vine, Dr. McCosh, late of Queen's College, Belfast. 
The grounds of the College (like many of those of 
the town) are very handsome. Peak's " Washing- 
ton," in the College library, is a picture of merit and 
historical interest. To the College has also lately 
been added an Astronomical Observatory, with fine 
instruments. 

Beyond Princeton is soon reached 

Trekton", capital of the State of New Jersey, 
lying on the left or east bank of the Delaware river, 



148 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

and famous as the scene of "Washington's "Crossing 
the Delaware/' January, 1777. It is a thriving manu- 
facturing town, especially preeminent in iron works ; 
and has very costly constructions connected with 
the passage through the town of the Delaware and 
Earitan Canal. [Eailroad connection, north, for 
Belvidere, Easton, and the Upper Delaware and 
Pennsylvania Coal-Eegions ; and south to Borden- 
town, and by that route to Philadelphia.] The 
principal erections of prominence are the State 
House, modern and very handsome (with valuable 
Eevolutionary memorials in the Library) ; the State 
Lunatic Asylum, Arsenal, Penitentiary, and some 
of the County buildings. The views over the Dela- 
ware and the Pennsylvania shore opposite, from 
some portions of the town, are very fine and memor- 
able. Prominent hotels, the American and Trenton. 

[Optional, route may be taken, at Trenton, by 
rail, down the Delaware Eiver to Bordentown and 
Camden, thence to Philadelphia by ferry. See 
Division B. of this route.] 

At Trenton the Delaware Eiver is crossed, by 
bridge, to the State of Pennsylvania, by 

Bristol, handsome and thriving village of that 
State, and by Franlcford (with a United States 
Arsenal) to Kensington and West Philadelphia, point 
of debarkation for 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 149 

Division B, 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY CAMDEN AND 
AMBOY EOUTE. 

Leave New York by Pennsylvania Railroad, from 
foot of Oortlandt street, or foot Desbrosses street, as 
by Division A, of this route ; by Jersey City f 
Newark, and Elizabeth, to Railway. (See Division 
A.) Thence diverging to 

Woodbridge, handsome village on the creek of the 
same name, emptying into Staten Island Sound; 
thence to 

Perth Amboy, old but decayed seaport, once ex- 
pected to become the rival of New York, especially 
in the India and tea trade, and with the noted 
Thomas H. Smith tea warehouses still standing. 
From Perth Amboy by ferry (or bridge), to 

South Amboy, former place of debarkation from 
the New York steamers of the Camden and Amboy 
boat line. [From South Amboy, all-rail route 
to Keyport, Middletown and Long Branch, will 
branch from this line when completed.] From 
South Amboy continue by rail to 

Jamesburg, thriving small town, with State Reform 
School for Boys. [Connection southward to Freehold, 
thence to Long Branch and the south-east; and 
northward to Pennsylvania Railroad at Monmouth 
Junction, for Newark, Trenton, &c] Thence to 



150 8H0BT-TB1P GUIDE. 

Cranberry, HigMstown [connection to Pemberton 
and southwest] and 

Bordentown, handsome large village on the 
Delaware, and point of entrance into that river of 
the Delaware and Raritan Canal ; famous as having 
long been the residence (at Point Breeze — grounds 
to the right) of Joseph Bonaparte, ex-king of Spain. 
[Connection by boat down the Delaware to Phila- 
delphia ; by rail to Trenton, &c] Bordentown to 

Burlington, also lying on the Delaware, and 
considered one of the handsomest towns in the 
State. It is the seat of Burlington College (Episco- 
pal), and of several notable male and female schools. 
[Connection by boat to Philadelphia and Borden- 
town ; by rail to Mount Roily and other towns in the 
interior of the State.] Burlington by Beverley and 
other minor places, to 

Camden, on the Delaware, opposite Philadelphia. 
Thriving town, with much agricultural and some 
manufacturing industry, and residence of many 
Philadelphians. [Connection by West Jersey Rail- 
road , southward to Bridgeton ; south-eastward to 
Millville and Cape Mat, favorite sea-coast resort 
at the Capes of the Delaware ; eastward by the 
Camden and Atlantic to Atlantic City, another 
favorite watering place on the New Jersey coast of 
the Atlantic; and by Pemb. and Hightstown road to 
the New Jersey Southern, Long Branch and New 
York]. Ferry across the Delaware to 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. S.—NEAM WESTERN. 151 

Divison C. 

AT AND ABOUT PHILADELPHIA, WITH EXCUR- 
SIONS. 

Philadelphia, mosfc important city of Pennsyl- 
vania, second in the Union in point of population, 
largest of all in the extent of ground comprised 
within city limits, and dividing with Boston the 
claim of being the most influential after the com- 
mercial metropolis — lies on the Delaware Eiver, at 
about one hundred miles from its mouth at Dela- 
ware Bay, and above and very near the debouchure 
into that river of the Schuylkill, the latter stream 
running through the city at its western extremity 
and adding materially to the beauty and healthful- 
ness of location. It is well known to have been 
founded by William Penn, the Quaker, and to be 
tho headquarters of his denomination (whence its 
soubriquet, the "Quaker City") ; and it enjoys, in 
addition, the distinction of being the most regu- 
larly built city on the continent if not in the world, 
the mass of its streets lying at right angles and 
giving it an appearance of primness alternately 
counted a charm and a blemish. From this latter 
feature, combined with all the streets running par- 
allel with the Delaware being numbered, from one 
upward — and the space between each of these 
streets, on the intersecting ones, numbered as one 
hundred, in supplying street-numbers — less diffi- 
culty is involved, in the stranger finding his way 



152 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

through and about it, than through any other city 
in the world, of corresponding size. Still addition- 
ally it should be noted that the street-car system is 
"wonderfully complete and perfect, routes crossing 
each other at short distances, and a system of 
"transfers" from one route to another making 
transit much easier and cheaper than it could other- 
wise be found. Carriage -hi re, cheaper than in New 
York, though high; not differing materially from 
the same detail at Boston. 

Philadelphia has many notable Streets, of which 
the characteristics are worth study, for their indi- 
vidual and collective character. First among these 
is Ghestnut Street, at once business and fashionable, 
on which are located some of the best hotels, and 
which has by far the handsomest display of shop- 
fronts on the continent. Next to this, perhaps, is 
Market Street, wide thoroughfare, dividing the 
cross streets into "North" and "South/' and dis- 
playing much railway traffic and other heavy trade. 
Arch and Walnut are also both business streets of 
importance. The Exchange stands m Dock Street, 
between Walnut and Spruce; and much of the 
commercial and financial force of the city is to be 
found in that neighborhood, and near the Delaware, 
between SJiippen Street, on the South, and Vine 
Street, on the North, and Front Street to Sixth 
Street, in the cross direction. Fourteenth Street is 
ordinarily called Broad Street, and has much fash 
ion and many prominent buildings. Ridge and 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 153 

Girard Avenues hold position as places of fashion- 
able residence, and drives leading to Girard College, 
Fairinount Park, etc. 

Of Public Buildings there are many of import- 
ance and interest. The first place is held, histori- 
cally, by Independence Hall, Chestnut street, nota- 
ble as having been the place of signing of the 
Declaration of Independence from Great Britain, 
Fourth of July, 1776. Some historical pictures of 
value, statues, and many relics are preserved there ; 
and among others the " Liberty Bell," rung at the 
time of the Declaration, and bearing the strangely 
appropriate inscription: "Proclaim liberty through- 
out the land to all the inhabitants thereof." (Admis- 
sion to the Hall, every day, 9 to 2). The building 
and wings are now used as public offices. A re- 
cently erected statue of Washington fronts the main 
entrance. Next of the public buildings in import- 
ance, is Girard College, on Eidge Avenue, some two 
miles from the city centre — the several buildings 
modern and of fine architecture, and the grounds 
handsome, but its principal celebrity (it has very 
little as an educational institution) lying in the 
strange will and bequest of Stephen Girard, the 
merchant, which founded it, and which among other 
odd features, allows no clergyman to enter it even 
on a visit. Next in importance is the United States 
Mint, Chestnut street, with very perfect and inter- 
esting processes and a splendid collection of coins 
(admission daily, 9 to 12). Besides these, there are 



164 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Custom House (formerly the United States 
Bank), Chestnut street ; the Exchange, Dock street ; 
the University of Pennsylvania, Ninth street near 
Chestnut; Jefferson Medical College, Tenth street 
near Chestnut ; the Pennsylvania Hospital, Pine 
street ; Pennsylvania Insane Asylum, West Phila- 
delphia (with West's great picture of " Christ Heal- 
ing the Sick ") ; U. 8. Marine Hospital, near the 
Navy Yard ; the Franklin Atlieneum, and other 
library and literary buildings; Pennsylvania Aca- 
demy of Fine Arts (with many good pictures : open 
daily), Chestnut street; Eastern Penitentiary, 
Coates street, near G-irard College ; Union League 
Club House, Broad street ; Masonic Temple, Broad 
street ; Ledger Building, corner of Sixth and Chest- 
nut streets, etc. 

In Antiquities Philadelphia possesses, besides In- 
pendence Hall (already mentioned), Carpenter's 
Hall, Chestnut street, used for the first assembling of 
the Colonial Congress; Hultzheimer's, where Jeffer- 
son wrote the Declaration, cor. Market and Seventh 
streets ; the Grave of Franklin, cor. Arch and Fifth 
streets ; Indian Queen Hotel, once residence oi Jef- 
ferson, cor. Market and Front streets ; the Old Penn 
House, near Fairmount ; part of Penn's Elm Tree, 
in collection of Historical Library Association; and 
others of minor importance. 

Of Public Grounds Philadelphia has more than 
the average in hoth variety and beauty. Fair- 
mount Park, on the Schuylkill (in connection with 



ROUTE NO. S.—NEAR WESTERN. 156 

the long-celebrated Fairmount Water Works), is 
one of the largest parks in the world, and has much 
beauty in grounds and views, though little more 
than commenced; and a bronze sitting statue of 
Lincoln has recently been inaugurated at near the 
Schuylkill entrance, while cheap service-carriages 
and all conveniences to visitors are supplied. The 
great Centennial Celebration of 1876, is to be held 
in and about one of the largest buildings ever erected, 
in this Park. The Water Works themselves demand 
attention, as among the best of their class ; the views 
over the Schuylkill from the raised promenade are 
notably fine ; and the Suspension Bridge, at the same 
point, is the most interesting structure of that char- 
acter at or near the city, it having been built by Col. 
Ellett, the constructor of the Niagara Suspension 
Bridge, and afforded a model for the latter. (Other 
Bridges of interest are the Iron Bridge, over the 
Schuylkill at Chestnut street; the Market Street 
Bridge, of wood, very old; &c.) (There are also 
other Water Works: the Delaioare, on the river, 
foot of Wood street, and the Western, with a beauti- 
ful tower, opposite Fairmount.) Of the other public 
grounds of the city, the most interesting are In- 
dependence Square, rear of Independence Hall; 
Washington Square, near it ; Logan Square (largest 
of the old), Eighteenth street; Franklin Square, 
Race and Sixth streets ; Penn Square, Broad and 
Market streets ; Jefferson and Rittenhouse Squares ; 
and Hunting Park (old race-course) on the York 
road. 



156 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Among the most notable of Philadelphia churches, 
are the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (Catho- 
lic), Logan Square, with a noble dome, an admired 
altar-piece, and some good paintings; St. Marie's 
(Epis.), Locust street, with tower and spire of pecu- 
liar beauty; St. Paul's (Epis.), Third street; Christ 
Church (old), Second street, with tall steeple, fine 
chime of bells, and communion service of the time 
of Queen Anne ; Church of the Incarnation, Broad 
street; Baptist, Broad street; Calvary (Pre s.), Lo- 
cust street; St. Stephen's (Epis.), Fourth street; 
St. Peter's (old), Pine street; St. Andrew's, Eighth 
street; &c, and (as curiosities, though eschewing 
any attempt at architecture) many of the Friends 9 
or Quaker Meeting Houses, of which the city has a 
remarkable number and variety. 

Of Libraries, there are a large number, though the 
aggregate of volumes embraced in all does not reach 
far beyond a quarter million. Among them are the 
Franklin (sometimes called the "Philadelphia,") 
South Fifth near Chestnut street; the Atheneum, 
Sixth street; the Mercantile; the Apprentices', 
Friends', Law Association, &c. ; besides those con- 
nected with those prominent institutions, the His- 
torical Society, Sixth and Adelphi streets (antiqui- 
ties and curiosities) ; Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Broad street; the Franklin Institute, Seventh 
street, &c. The principal Art Gallery is the Penn- 
sylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Chestnut street, 
containing among other prominent pictures, West's 



ROUTE NO. 8.— WEAR WESTERN. 157 

" Death on the Pale Horse/' Allston's " Raising of 
Lazarus," and others of merit by Stuart, Sully, 
Leslie and others. The principal Market, and one 
of the best-arranged and most luxuriously-supplied 
in America, is located on Market street, in the lower 
part of the city, and will well repay a visit, for ob- 
servance of the varied productions of the surround- 
ing country. 

Principal Places of Amusement: the American 
Academy of Music, Broad street, the handsomest 
and one of the largest musical houses in the United 
States; Arch Street Theatre, street of the same 
name ; Chestnut street, street of that name ; Walnut 
street, street of same name; American, Walnut 
street ; Carncross and Dixetfs Opera House (Ethio- 
pian), Eleventh street; American Museum, Ninth 
and Arch streets, &c. Leading Hotels : the Conti- 
nental, Chestnut street; La Pierre House, Broad 
street ; Colonnade, Chestnut street ; Girard House, 
Chestnut street; American, Chestnut street; St. 
Cloud, Arch street; Washington, Chestnut street; 
Merchants', Fourth street. 

Surburban and other Excursions of interest, in- 
clude the 

United States Navy Yard, on Front street and 
the Delaware River, entrance from foot of Federal 
street ; with immense Sectional Dock, stocks and 
materials for war-vessels, munitions of war, &c. 
[Walk, or street-car.] Arrangements have been 
made for the occupation of League Island, lower 



158 SHORT- TRIP O UIDE. 

down the Delaware, as a new and larger navy yard, 
for the laying up of vessels in ordinary ; hut they 
have not yet been carried into effect. Of scarcely 
less interest are the 

U. S. Arsenals, of which one of the most import- 
ant is to be reached at Frankford, north-east of the 
city, with interesting collection of arms and the 
largest powder magazine in the country; and the 
other near Gray's Ferry, south of the city. Also, 

Laurel Hill Cemetery, on Eidge Avenue, near the 
Schuylkill, and considered one of the handsomest 
of the cemeteries of the great cities, on account of 
height of location, fine river- view, tasteful monu- 
ments and adornments. The group of " Old Mor- 
tality," by Thorn, at the entrance, and the Chapel, 
deserve attention, as do many of the monuments to 
well-known men, among others those of Dr. Kane, 
Gen'l Mercer, Gren'l Patterson, Dr. Bird (the novel- 
ist), Joseph C. Neal, Charles Thompson, Hassler, 
&c. [Eeached by street car, drive, or boat up the 
Schuylkill from Fairmount.] Second in importance 
are the Woodlands Cemetery, on the Darby Eoad, 
west of the Schuylkill ; Monument Cemetery, Broad 
street ; Glenwood Cemetery, Eidge Eoad ; Mount 
Vernon Cemetery, Eidge avenue ; Ronaldson's Ceme- 
tery, Shippen street ; Friends'' Burial Ground, Arch 
and Fourth streets, &c. [All, beyond short walk 
from leading hotels, reached by street-car.] 

Other Excursions, to 

The WissaMckon, creek or small river of marked 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN 159 

shaded beauty, emptying into the Schuylkill. [Drive, 
on Ridge avenue, past Laurel Hill, or trip by boat 
on the Schuylkill from Fairmount, in the course of 
which may also be seen the Falls of the Schuylkill.'] 
To the Old Bartram Mansion, with Revolutionary 
reminiscences and a Botanic Garden, on the "West 
bank of the Schuylkill. [Street cars on Darby 
road.] To Penrfs Rock, on the Haddington road 
(stone said to have been raised by William Penn). 
To Germantoivn, site of the Battle of that name, 
fought by "Washington in 1777 ; with interesting rem- 
iniscences, in Chews' House, the Headquarters, But- 
tonball Tree Tavern, &c. To Manayunh, on the 
Schuylkill, with water-power and heavy manufac- 
tures. [Street cars on Ridge-road, or boat on the 
Schuylkill.] [Street car and short steam connec- 
tion, every quarter-hour.] To Greenwich Point and 
Gloucester Point, on the Delaware, favorite near 
places of summer resort, a few miles below the city. 
[Ferry from South street.] To Red Bank and Fort 
Mifflin, two miles below the places last named, with 
Revolutionary reminiscences, Count Donop's Grave, 
a Battle Monument, &c. ; and also to League Island* 
lying near, and the site of the new Navy Yard. 
[Boats, very frequent.] To Smith's Island ("Wind- 
mill Island), lying in the Delaware, midway between 
the city and Camden, and passed through by the 
ferry-boats. Resort for relaxation and " clam-chow- 
ders." To Camden, New Jersey [several ferries : see 
route from New York, Division B.] To Bridgeton f 



160 8H0ET-TBIP GUIDE. 

New Jersey, great fruit-packing centre. [Ferry to 
Camden, and West Jersey Railroad.] To Vineland, 
New Jersey, great grape and fruit growing centre. 
[Ferry to Camden, and Camden and Atlantic road 
to Atsion — thence Vin eland Railway. To Bor den- 
town and Burlington. [Boat . on the Delaware, or 
rail.] 

Longer Excursions will be those to 

Norristown, on the Schuylkill, county seat of 
Montgomery County, with pleasant location, two 
fine Bridges, and handsome Court-House. [Rail- 
.way on Reading road, or long drive of much beau- 
tyj. To 

Easton, Delaware Water-Gap, &c. [See 
Longer Excursions from New York.] [Rail, on 
Northern Pennsylvania, and Delaware, Lackawanna 
and Western roads.] To 

Harrisburg, Capital of the State of Pennsylva- 
nia, by Lancaster, &c. [Rail on the Pennsylvania 
Central Road : see routes following.] To 

Atlantic City, favorite place of summer resort, 
with fine bathing, on the New Jersey coast, near 
Egg Harbor and the Inlet of the same name. 
Prominent Hotels, the Atlantic House, and Surf 
House. [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence rail 
on the Camden and Atlantic road, direct.] To 

Cape Mat (Cape Island), still more prominent and 
popular as a place of sea-side summer resort, and es- 
pecially chosen by Philadelphians. It lies at the ex- 
treme southern point of New Jersey, at the northern 



ROUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 161 

entrance of Delaware Bay, has an extensive beach 
with fine sea- view and bathing, and ranks beside 
Newport and Long Branch. Prominent Hotels : 
the Stockton House, Congress Hall, United States, 
West Jersey, Columbia, Delaware, Atlantic, &c. 
[Reached by ferry to Camden, thence by rail on the 
West Jersey, and Millville and Cape May roads.] 
To 

Long Branch. [See Longer Excursions from 
New York.] [Beached by ferry to Camden, thence 
rail on Pemb. and Hightstown and New Jersey 
Southern roads. Also, with connection, Long 
Branch to New York* 



ROUTE NO. 9 .-WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 

PHILADELPHIA, BY WILMINGTON (DEL.) TO AND AT 
WASHINGTON AND RICHMOND. 

Division A. 

PHILADELPHIA TO BALTIMORE BY WILMINGTON. 

Leave Philadelphia by rail on the Philadelphia, 
Wilmington and Baltimore road, from West Phila- 
delphia. First point of interest passed is the Laza- 
retto, on the bank of the Delaware, some ten miles 
below the city — an immense building, with cupola, 
long used for the detention of cases of infectious 
disease. In a short distance is reached 

Lamolcin Junction [with the Philadelphia and 
Baltimore Central Eailroad, for Port Deposit, Havre 
de Grace, and Baltimore direct, avoiding Chester 
and Wilmington.] Beyond Lamokin, continuing 
by P. W. and B. road, is reached 

Chester, the oldest town in the State and at one 
time, under William Penn, the seat of government 
of the province. It has, as curiosities, the spot 
where Penn landed on his first coming from Eng- 
land, a very old Court House, &c. Very little be- 
yond, the crossing is made from the State of Penn- 
sylvania into that of Delaware ; and still a little be- 
yond is passed the Brandywine Creek, scene of the 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 163 

battle of the same name (at Chadd's Ford), defeat of 
the Americans and wounding of Lafayette, in 1778. 
After several minor stations, is reached 

Wilmikgton", Delaware, one of the most import- 
ant towns of that small State, and in the midst of 
an agricultural section of special fertility, the great 
peach-growing district being within easy reach of 
any one making brief stoppage. It occupies the site of 
the old Swedish Fort Christina ; has extensive ship- 
yards, flour and powder-mills, foundries, &c. ; and 
is also distinguished as the seat of St. Mary's Col- 
lege (Catholic), and other educational institutions of 
merit. Among its most prominent curiosities are 
the ship-yards and powder-mills, before named ; the 
Old Swedes' Church, nearly 200 years old, with 
ancient grave-yard and singular epitaphs; the Col- 
lege, &c. [Railway connection south to Elhton, 
Toiunsend, Dovee (capital of the State), Lewes, 
Salisbury, Crisfleld (for boat to Norfolk) &c, ; 
westward to Hanover, Harrisburg, &c] From 
Wilmington, passing New Castle Junction [connec- 
tion for New Castle, &c], and minor stations, is 
reached 

Havre de Grace, Maryland, at the debouchure of 
the Susquehanna River into Chesapeake Bay, and also 
at the southern terminus of the Tidewater Canal. 
Here the Susquehanna is crossed by a handsome and 
costly Railroad Bridge, not long finished; and in 
crossing, splendid views are caught (below) of Ches- 
apeake Bay and the shore-scenery on both sides. 



164 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

[Railway connections from Havre de Grace, north- 
westward, to Harrisburg and the West and 
Northwest] From Havre de Grace, over flat and 
low country, with passage of the long 

Bridges over Bush and Gunpowder Rivers (the 
former 5-8 of a mile in length, and the latter 1 mile), 
both of which were destroyed during the secession- 
war, and rebuilt, — to Baltimore. 

Division B. 

AT AND ABOUT BALTIMORE, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Baltimore, on the Patapsco River, branch of 
Chesapeake Bay, most important town in the State 
of Maryland, seaport of eminence, considered one 
of the handsomest cities in the Union, and dividing 
with two or three others the claim of producing the 
most beautiful women, while to Europeans it pos- 
sesses the peculiar interest of having supplied wives 
to a remarkable number of the English aristocracy 
(Wellesley family, and others), and also a wife (Miss 
Patterson) to Jerome Bonaparte. It has a striking 
situation, on rising ground sloping up from the 
harbor, in that respect rivalling Boston; and the 
numerous spires and monuments fitly crown a pic- 
ture otherwise of great beauty. Baltimore has an 
inner and outer harbor, above and below FelVs 
Point, into the latter of which the largest ships en- 
ter without difficulty ; and the city proper is di- 
vided, nearly North and South, by a narrow stream 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHERN 165 

with many bridges, called Jones' Run. A strong 
and handsome fortification, Fort McHenry, defends 
the harbor, and figured conspicuously in both the 
war of 1812 and that of the secession. Among the 
chief boasts of the city, and the first objects of in- 
terest to the traveller, are 

TJie Monuments, so notable that they have given 
to Baltimore the soubriquet of the "Monumental 
City." The first in importance is the Washington, 
in an elevated position on Mt. Vernon Place, at 
Charles and Monument streets — a base and shaft 
reaching 200 feet in height, with a statue surmount- 
ing all, of " Washing con Resigning his Commission/ 7 
(Accessible, and fine view from balcony at top.) 
Next in interest is the Battle, at Calvert and Fay- 
ette streets — a Eoman column, with emblematical 
sculptures, in honor of those who fell in defence of 
the city, in September 1814. The third, or Armis- 
tead, in honor of the defender of Fort McHenry in 
1814, is merely a tablet, on North Calvert street, and 
only of interest in the patriotic connection. 

Of streets, the most important is Baltimore street, 
running east and west the whole length of the city, 
and really its Broadway or Regent street. Holliday, 
Calvert, Fayette, Lexington, Eutaw, Madison, Park, 
Saratoga, North Charles, Mt. Vernon Place, Charles 
avenue, and other streets on the west side of Jones* 
Falls, are among the notable; and as centres of 
business, Lombard, Caroline, Bank, Gay, High> 
Market, Broadway, and other streets on the east 



166 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

side, with those surrounding the City Dock (basin) 
and principal wharves, lying in that vicinity. Of 
Public Buildings, among the most notable are the 
Exchange, Gay street, with noble dome; {Custom 
House and Post Office occupying part of the same 
building) ; the Maryland Institute, Baltimore street, 
devoted to industrial exhibitions, fairs, &c, and a 
Market; the City Hall, Holliday street; County 
Court House, Monument square; U. S. Court 
House, North and Fayette streets ; Penitentiary and 
Prisons, Madison street; Corn Exchange, South 
street; the Shot Tower, Front and Fayette sireets; 
Of Churches, in Baltimore as in Philadelphia, the 
most imposing is the Catholic, the Cathedral, at 
Cathedral and Mulberry streets, being the finest ec- 
clesiastical edifice in the city, with impressive towers 
and dome ; one of the largest organs in the country ; 
and two pictures of great value within, a "Descent 
from the Cross " and " St. Louis Burying His 
Dead," respectively the gifts of the French Kings 
Louis XVI. and Charles X. After this, in archi- 
tectural interest, come the Unitarian, North 
Charles and Franklin streets; the Presbyterian,- 
Madison and Park streets; Grace (Epis.), Monu- 
ment and Park streets ; St, PauVs, Charles street, 
and many others, the city being by no means defi- 
cient in this detail. 

Of Literary Institutions and their edifices, may be 
named the University of Maryland, with celebrated 
Medical Department, Green and Lombard streets; 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 167 

the Peabody Institute (founded by the late George 
Peabody), Charles and Monument streets ; St. 
Mary's College (Catholic), Franklin and Greene 
streets; Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore 
Library, Mercantile Library, &c, rooms in the 
Atheneum, Saratoga and St. Paul streets ; College of 
Loyola (Catholic), Madison and Calvert streets; 
College of Pharmacy, North Calvert street; &c. 
Principal Theatres: the Holliday Street, street of 
same name ; the Front Street, or American, Front 
street; Baltimore Museum, Broad and Calvert 
streets ; Grand Opera House (new) ; Concordia 
(German), South Eutaw street. Prominent Hotels : 
Bamum's, Monument square ; the Eutaw, W. Balti- 
more street; Gilmoufs, Baltimore street; the 
Fountain, Light street ; the Maltby, Pratt street. 

Cemeteries of prominence : Green Mount, Belvi- 
dere street and York avenue, with fine gateways 
and many handsome walks and monuments ; Lou- 
doun Park, also with fine gateway, Frederick 
road ; Baltimore Cemetery, North Gay street ; 
Mount Olivet, Frederick road; Mount Carmel a 
Western, and other minor. Other Parks and Public 
Grounds : Druid Hill Parle, very large and 
handsome grounds, recently laid out, in the 
Northern suburbs [street-car from city centres] ; 
Patterson Parle, East Baltimore street, with re- 
mains of earthworks of war of 1812 ; City Spring 
Grounds, North Calvert street; Union Square, 
West Lombard street; Federal Hill, with Signal 



168 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

House and one of the very best views of the city and 
harbor; Franklin Square, Fayette street; Jackson 
Square, Hampstead street ; etc. 

Favorite Excursions, among others, to 

Fort McHenry and North Point, entrance of the 
harbor (before spoken of) ; to Franklin, the Con- 
vent, &c, by the Frederick road [favorite drive] ; to 
Govanstown, by the York road [drive] ; to Catons- 
ville and Ellicotfs Mills [horse-car] ; to Towsontown 
(military barracks, &c.) [horse-car] ; to Bel-Air, 
Franklinton, &c] [stage-coach]. Down the Ches- 
apeake Bay [boat, very frequent from harbor- 
wharves, during the warm season]. Longer Ex- 
cursions, among others, to 

Annapolis, Capital of the State of Maryland, 
and seat of the celebrated national Naval Academy. 
It lies on the little Kiver Severn, near Chesapeake 
Bay; has a history of interest, dating back to 1649; 
was the spot where Genl. Washington resigned his 
commission at the close of the War of Independence ; 
and has, in addition to the other attractions named, 
an educational institution of prominence, St. John's 
College, a State House, and much fine river and coast 
scenery in the neighborhood. [Reached from Bal- 
timore by the Baltimore and Washington road to 
Annapolis Junction, thence branch road direct.] 
Also, by daily boat on Chesapeake Bay, to 

Norfolk, Virginia, on the Elizabeth River, at the 
extreme southern point of Chesapeake Bay, and the 
second town in Virginia in point of population 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN. 169 

It bus a fine harbor, with great depth of water; 
and is one of the greatest markets of wild-fowl 
(especially the celebrated "canvas-back" ducks 
of the Chesapeake), oysters, fruits and other 
supplies, to be found south of Philadelphia. Across 
the river from it are the Portsmouth Naval De- 
pot, formerly the most extensive in the Union, but 
materially damaged by fire at the commencement 
of the secession war (1861), with the burning 
of the Pennsylvania, Merrimac and other war 
vessels, — and the Gosport Navy Yard, with Dry 
Docks of great size and cost. Norfolk and Ports- 
mouth harbor proper are defended by Fort Cal- 
houn and the works on Craney Island ; while the 
entrance from the sea is commanded by Fortress 
Monroe, the largest fortification in the United States, 
erected at Old Point Comfort (also place of favorite 
summer resort), on the opposite or north side of the 
wide mouth of the James River (Hampton Roads), 
directly north and some fourteen miles distant. In 
the latter neighborhood may also be visited, Eliza- 
beth City and Hampton, more or less interestingly 
connected alike with the early history of Virginia 
and the secession troubles of 1861-5. May also be 
visited, from Norfolk or Old Point Comfort [boat], 
the site and Ruins of Jamestown, place of first set- 
tlement in Yirginia, and scene of the romantic epi- 
sode of Captain John Smith and Pocahontas. [From 
Baltimore to Richmond by boat, every day during 
summer, with fine views throughout, and including 



170 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

a distant one of the great dome of the Capitol at 
Washington.] [Norfolk to Richmond, by boat up 
the James River ; or may be visited from Richmond^ 
by same conveyance.] Also, by Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad (or by same road from Washington), 
through the Monocacy Valley, along the Upper Po- 
tomac and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, to 

Point of Rocks (railway connection to Frederick, 
Md.) ; to Hagerstown Junction (railway connection 
to Hagerstoiun ) ; and to 

Harper's Ferry, on the Upper Potomac, at the 
intersection with that stream of the Shenandoah, 
with mountain and river scenery of the first mag- 
nificence, and the additional interest of having been 
the site of an important U. S. Armory and Arsenal 
(destroyed by fire in April, 1861), and the spot 
where John Brown, of Ossawatomie, made his cele- 
brated raid and virtually commenced the conflict of 
the secession, in October, 1859. Maryland. Bolivar 
and Loudoun Heights, and their fortifications, de- 
mand notice, as do a thousand natural beauties and 
warlike reminiscences certain to be suggested on 
the spot. • 

Prom Harper's Perry, route on the Baltimore and 
Ohio road may be pursued to Sir John's Run, with 
stage connection to Berkeley Springs ; to Cumber- 
land, and across one of the finest passes of the Al- 
legheny Mountains to Pittsburg aud the West. 
Or, from Harpers Ferry rail may be taken down 
the Shenandoah Valley, through the Valley of Vir- 
ginia, to Gharlestown, Winchester, Strasburg, Har- 
risonburg and Staunton, with connections and de- 
tours of great interest. (See Route 9£). 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN 171 

Division 0. 

BALTIMORE TO WASHINGTON. 

Leave Baltimore by train on the "Washington 
Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Eailroad, from 
Camden Station, by Washington Junction [whence 
connection, by the main line of the same road, west- 
ward to Harper's Ferry -, &c.~] ; and by Hanover, 
Dorsey aud other stations, to 

Annapolis Junction ("connection to Annapolis, 
as see " Excursions from Baltimore," preceding] ; 
thence by Savage, Laurel, White Oak Bottom, and 
other stations, to 

Bladensourg, small town on the Eastern Branch 
of the Potomac, with a mineral- spring and some ce- 
lebrity as a healthful summer resort for "Washington 
residents and others near; but much more as the 
scene of the disgraceful defeat of the American by 
the British forces, in August 1814, immediately pre- 
vious to the temporary occupation of the Capital — 
and also as the spot long famous as a duelling- 
ground for Congressional and other disputants. 
Very soon after leaving Bladensburg is caught, 
what should by no means be lost, the 

First View of the Washington Capitol, scarcely 
second to the corresponding distant view of the 
dome of St. Peter's, in approaching Kome — the 
dome of the Capitol, since re-erection, being among 
the largest and finest in the world, and the first 
sight peculiarly impressive. But a little time and 



172 8E0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

distance, following, before entering the somewhat 
straggling city, and disembarking at the foot of 
Capitol Hill — Washinch^.s- 

Division D. 

AT AND ABOUT WASHINGTON-, WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Washington, capital city of the United States of 
America, and on many accounts specially interest- 
ing, as bearing the name of the Great Soldier and 
Patriot, as having been selected by him as the seat 
of Government, as having been the scene of all the 
central legislation of the country and many of its 
other historical events, and as possessing a location 
with many marked advantages and certain equally 
marked disadvantages almost counterbalancing the 
favorable, — lies in the District of Columbia, on the 
north bank of the Potomac Eiver, at some 70 miles 
from the embouchure of that river into Chesapeake 
Bay, and about 30 miles directly westward from the 
nearest shore of that Bay, at a little southward of 
Annapolis. It supplies a geographical meridian of 
importance: Lat. 38° 53' 39" N.; Long. 77° 2' 
48" lrom Greenwich; and lies in a direct line, about 
120 miles south-west from Philadelphia, and about 
200 in a corresponding direction from New York. 
It dates, as the Capital, from the removal from 
Philadelphia, about 1800, though the corner-stone 
of the Capitol was laid in 1793. The city, as a mu- 
nicipality, dates from nearly the same time — is large 



ROUTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 173 

in extent, and by no means compact in its character ; 
that fact having given rise, many years ago, to the 
irreverent soubriquet : the " City of Magnificent 
Distances." 

Among the undeniable advantages of Washing- 
ton, before referred to, are its picturesque location, 
with elevations and fine views at two points, — those 
of the Capitol, at the south-eastern end of (main) 
Pennsylvauia Avenue, and the President's House 
and principal Government Buildings, at the north- 
western end ; its ease of access from the sea, and ac- 
cessibility by railway from various important points ; 
its moderate climate in winter, principal season of 
legislative assemblage ; and its proximate centrality, 
as between North and South. Among the disad- 
vantages may be named the doubtful healthiness of 
some portions (including the Executive Mansion) in 
summer ; and its entire want of centrality towards 
the limited East and the widely-extended West — the 
latter feature having given rise to much dissatisfac- 
tion, of late years, and some efforts at effecting the 
removal of the seat of government to some one of 
the Western Cities — St. Louis being oftenest named. 
The governmental conveniences now existing on this 
spot, however, and the late completion of the en- 
larged Capitol, render it entirely improbable that 
any such removal will take place within the present 
century, and leave Washington to be visited and 
considered as the permanent capital of the United 
States. 



174 SMOBT-TRLP GUIDE. 

Of course first among its attractions, to the tour- 
ist, at whatever season, will be found 

The Capitol, standing on Capitol Hill, fronting 
east and west, and occupying the same site as the 
original, founded by Washington and burned by the 
British in 1814, when the Congressional Library, 
many valuable pictures, the President's House and 
other buildings, shared the same fate. The present 
structure, undeniably one of the noblest government 
buildings in the world, and with many grand and 
beautiful details in architecture, is an enlargement 
of that which replaced the burned building, and has 
consequently the blemish of showing some incon- 
gruity in materials and "afterthought" in design. It 
is immense in extent, however, the entire length being 
some 750 feet, with a wing depth of 300 and a body 
depth of 200; and the whole space of ground covered 
is said to be three and a half acres. Handsome 
grounds surround the Capitol, with fine shade trees 
and some good landscape gardening ; and from these 
grounds, below either front, and from the two fronts 
themselves, remarkably fine views may be obtained. 

The East Front, (main) has an immense colon- 
nade and portico, with Persico's statues of Colum- 
bus, of Washington, allegorical figures of Peace and 
War, Greenough's " Civilization," etc., on the portico 
and in the grounds adjoining; and it is here that 
the Inauguration Ceremonies of each incoming 
President take place, the auditory filling the portico 
and the grounds below. The West Front, less elabo- 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTEBN AND SO UTHERN. 175 

rate, has the view down Pennsylvania Aveirae and 
over the city. The next most prominent feature, 
and perhaps the most notable of all, is 

Tlie Dome, before spoken of as among the noblest 
in the world. It surmounts the centre of the pile, 
rising to a height of nearly 400 feet, crowned with 
a colossal statue of Freedom, by Crawford ; and is 
ascended, from within, by a spiral stairway, for the 
extensive and magnificent view of Washington, the 
Potomac, the near portions of the District, of Virginia, 
Maryland, etc. In the Rotunda, immediately under 
the dome, are to be seen the eight large historical 
pictures, " Discovery of the Mississippi," " Baptism 
of Pocahontas," " Declaration of Independence/* 
" Surrender of Burgoyne," " Surrender of Cornwal- 
lis," " Washington Resigning his Commission," and 
" Landing of Columbus." The Eotunda has also a 
'* Massacre of the Innocents," portraits of Lincoln 
and others, some interesting historical bas reliefs, 
etc. The Canopy, surmounting, is elaborately 
painted in fresco, by Brumidi, and contains an im- 
mense number of allegorical and historical figures. 
Naturally the next objects of interest will be the 

Senate and Representative Chambers, the former 
situated in the north wing (or " extension" — new 
part of the building) and the latter in the south 
wing. They are both large, with good accommoda- 
tion for spectators (in the Strangers' Galleries) ela- 
borately finished, lighted from above by hidden gas- 
burners through ground glass, and extremely well 



176 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

ventilated, but with their impressiveness materially 
marred by the low, flat ceilings. Both are reached 
by elaborate and costly stairways, really among the 
most notable features in the building ; and it may 
be said of both that, with whatever faults of con- 
struction, they are among the best of their class, in 
the world. Next in interest is to be visited the 

Supreme Court Boom, a large semi-circular apart- 
ment in the north wing, with busts of former 
Chief-Justices Jay, Rutledge, Ellsworth and Mar- 
shall; and beneath it the Old Supreme Court Room, 
now the Law Library, with a fine collection of 
books in the higher branches of jurisprudence, and 
some peculiarities in the architecture of the room, 
commanding surprised attention. The 

Library of Congress, with some 90,000 to 100,000 
volumes (now accumulating very rapidly, as copies 
of all works published in America must be depo- 
sited there, to secure copy-right — as in the British 
Museum), and an immense number of valuable 
documents and manuscripts, — is in the western por- 
tion of the main building, and shows fire-proof book- 
cases and all appliances to guard against the recur- 
rence of fire, which has twice destroyed previous col- 
lections (1814 — war; and 1851, accidental.) But 
perhaps quite as interesting as any of the apartments 
named, is the 

Old Hall of Representatives, in the south wing of 
the centre building, semi-circular, with panelled 
ceiling and cupola, row of splendid columns in Vir- 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 177 

ginia green-stone ; and containing, among other 
objects of interest and value, Vanderlyn's "Wash- 
ington," a full-length of Lafayette, Franzoni's statue 
of History, statues and busts of Washington, 
Kosciusko, Lincoln, Johnson, &c. Here, also, have 
spoken nearly all the great legislators of America 
in the past, making the place historically memora- 
ble. Opening from this into the corridor, may be 
seen the 

Bronze Columbus Door, modelled by Rogers and 
cast at Munich (where the model remains), repre- 
senting various scenes in the life and death of the 
discoverer, and considered among the best of con- 
temporary works. 

Many Other Apartments of interest maybe visited 
in the Capitol, among them the President's and 
Vice-President's Eoom, the Speaker's, Senators', Re- 
ception, &c, and some of the Committee Rooms, in 
the latter of which will be found displayed quite as 
much luxury (not always in the best taste) as can be 
found in any other portion of the structure. 

[Admission to the Capitol, and access to most of 
its rooms, every week-day, 10 to 3. Congress gen- 
erally in session, from early December to 4th March, 
in the years with odd numbers : in those with even 
numbers, (as 1872) the sessions often continuing far 
into the summer and even later. Admission to the 
Congressional Sessions, without card, and only 
limited by the capacity of the large galleries. In 
connection it may be well to say that the same 



178 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

hours (10 to 3) and the same freedom from routine 
or special application, apply to most of the Depart- 
ment buildings at Washington.] 

Next in importance to the traveler, of the build- 
ings of Washington, is the 

President's House (familiarly known as the 
i( White House," especially in political parlance), 
situated on the high ground at the opposite or 
north-western extremity of (main) Pennsylvania 
Avenue (principal drive and fashionable promenade 
of the city). It is of white stone, as its name indi- 
cates, has a colonnaded front but little architectural 
merit, stands near the Potomac and commands a 
fine view of that river and the opposite shore. It 
contains some handsome and well-appointed rooms, 
the East Room being the most notable ; but the lo- 
cation is not considered healthy in summer, and the 
Presidential family does not often steadily occupy it 
throughout that season. [Calls, without ceremonial 
or previous introduction, are generally received by 
the President every week-day, 10 to 1, except those 
devoted to Cabinet meetings or other special ap- 
pointments. No court-dress necessary or proper. 
Levees, during the Congressional Season, fortnight- 
ly ; and weekly receptions, generally on Saturday 
mornings, by the Lady of the White House, with 
the President present.] 

The Patent Office, after those named, is un- 
doubtedly the most interesting place of visit in 
Washington, for its massive architecture and on ac- 



RO UTE NO. 9.- WESTERN AND SO UTEERN 179 

count of its extraordinary collection of mechanical 
and labor-saving implements, in which it has no 
equal in any country. It is located on F street 
(many of the Washington streets being thus desig- 
nated by letters), between Seventh and Ninth 
streets. The Model Room, occupying one entire 
floor, is divided into four halls, of which the East 
Hall is occupied by practical models ; the West 
Hall by rejected ones; the South Hall (with hand- 
some frescoed ceilings) by personal effects of Wash- 
ington, other Eevolutionary relics, (sword of Wash- 
ington and cane of Franklin, among others) medals 
and treaties with, and presents from foreign powers, 
Powers' Statue of Washington, &c, forming a 
unique, most valuable and interesting collection. 
Near the Patent Office is to be visited the 

General Post Office, an imposing Corinthian struc- 
ture, with the internal arrangements commanding a 
certain degree of attention, and some valuable re- 
cords of Franklin. Also, the City Post Office, in 
same building. The 

State, War and Navy Departments have buildings 
near each other and near the President's House, on 
Pennsylvania Avenue. Little of interest is to be 
found in either, except the Library of the State 
Department, and the Collection of Eelics of the 
War and Navy. Of much more importance to the 
visitor is the 

Treasury Department Building, on Fifth street, 
immense iu size and of some architectural merit; 



180 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

while the details of Paper Money Printing [admis- 
sion by order from the Secretary of the Treasury — 
easily obtained], carried on in the upper and lower 
portions of the structure, are worthy of close atten- 
tion from their extent and completeness. The 

Smithsonian Institute (founded by the late James 
Smithson, Esq., of England), stands in extensive and 
highly ornamented grounds, called the Mall, west of 
the Capitol, and south-east of the President's 
House. It is of large-extent, built of red sand- 
stone, Norman in architecture, and has nine towers, 
of irregular heights. It contains an immense libra- 
ry-room, picture-gallery, lecture-room, laboratory, 
etc., and is already doing a noble work in the ad- 
vancement of science. At no considerable dis- 
tance from this, stands the 

Washington Monument, intended to be one of the 
largest in the world, but thus far simply one of the 
largest failures, the funds to complete it from its 
present height of 170 feet to the contemplated 600, 
not being forthcoming. It is at present no monu- 
ment but a curiosity. The 

National Observatory stands on Western Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue, half way between the President's 
House and Georgetown. It has a large transit and 
some other fine instruments, astronomical library, 
clock, etc. 

The Public Grounds of Washington are princi- 
pally comprised in the Mall, on the banks of the 
Potomac, at and near the Smithsonian Institute; 



ROUTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 181 

the Capitol Grounds, before spoken of; and Lafay- 
ette Square, near the President's House (with Clark 
Mills' equestrian statue of Jackson). Principal 
Churches: the Epiphany, (Epis.) Q. Street, near 
Thirteenth; Trinity (Epis.) Third street; St. John's 
(Epis.) Lafayette Square; Presbyterian, Four-and- 
a-half Street; St. Aloysius (Oath.) near the Capitol; 
Foundry church, (Meth. Epis.) Fourteenth street. 
Principal Theatres : the New National and Wall's 
Opera House, (Ford's Tlieatre, once a favorite, 
and the scene of the assassination of President 
Lincoln, April, 1865, is to be seen as a curiosity, 
but has never since been opened as a place of 
amusement). Public Hall: Lincoln Hall. Promi- 
nent Hotels: the Arlington ; St. Cloud; Howard; 
St. James 11 ; Willard's. 

Suburban and other excursions from Washington, 
will include those to the Soldiers' Home (Military 
Asylum), three miles north of the city, and favorite 
resort of Presidential families in summer; the Arse- 
nal, Greenleaf's Point, junction of Eastern Branch 
and Potomac, with interesting collection of ord- 
nance. To the 

Navy Yard, with ship-houses, an armory, etc., on 
the Eastern Branch, short walk south-east of the 
Capitol. To the - 

Congressional Cemetery, lying on the Eastern 
Branch, north-east of the Capitol, with many scores 
of monuments to Members of Congress who have 
died at Washington, and specially notable inonu- 



m SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

ments of interest, to William Wirt, George Clinton, 
Elbridge Gerry, and others; also Glenwood, rival 
cemetery of much beauty, lying north of the Capi- 
tol. To the 

Long Bridge, crossing the Potomac to the Vir- 
ginia shore, from near the Mall, to Alexander's 
Islandj and computed to have carried over half a 
million of troops during the war of the secession. 
To 

Georgetown, a handsome suburb, lying at the 
West, beyond Kock Creek, with fine view from the 
Heights and much interest in the Aqueduct, carry- 
ing the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal over the Poto- 
mac ; also, Georgetown College (Jesuit), at the west 
end of the town, with library, museum, observatory, 
etc. ; the Convent of the Visitation, Fayette street ; 
Asylum for Children ; Oak Hill Cemetery (with 
handsome Chapel, fine monument to M. Bodisco, 
etc.) To 

Arlington House, former mansion of George 
Washington Parke Custis, stepson of Washington? 
and later of General Robert E. Lee, of the Confed- 
erate service, but the property since occupied as a 
Freedman's Village, and most of the rare Washing- 
ton and other relics carried away, though the place 
must always retain a certain historical interest To 

Little and Great Falls, on the Potomac, above 
Georgetown, with handsome scenery and specially 
.fine fishing. [All the last named places are most 
^conveniently reached by carriage]. To 



ROUTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND £> UTHERN. 183 

Alexandria, old town of Virginia, on the "West- 
ern side of the Potomac, seven miles below Wash- 
ington — once of heavy commercial importance, but 
now decayed. It has interesting historical reminis- 
cences, in the fact that Gen. Braddock's unfortu- 
nate expedition to Fort Duquesne, wkich brought 
Col. Washington to notice, was fitted out here; also 
in his pew in Christ Church, still preserved, and 
other relics of the Father of his Country. It has a 
later and melancholy interest as the spot (at the 
Marshall House) where Col. Ellsworth, the Zouave, 
and his slayer, Jackson, were both shot, in May, 
1861. It has also a Museum, Court House, Theolog- 
ical Seminary, etc. [Beached from Washington by 
special boat here and to Mount Vernon; or by regu- 
lar daily boat on way to Aquia Creek, Fortress 
Monroe, and Eichmond. Also, by rail or road. 
Railway connection, north to Washington ; south 
to Aquia Creek, Eichmond, etc. ; northwest to 
Lcesburg, Hahpek's Fekey, Chamber sburg, etc.; 
west and southwest (through a succession of the 
early battle-fields of the secession war), to Fairfax 
Court House, Manassas Junction (battle-field of 
Bull Run in immediate neighborhood) connection 
northwestward to Strasburg, Winchester, etc.), War- 
ronton Junction (for Warrenton), Culpepper, Orange 
Court Rouse, Oordonsville, Chaejlottesville (seat 
of the University of Virginia, and with " Monti- 
cello," home of Thomas Jefferson, lying near), Sum- 
mit, and other stations, to 



184 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Staunton, principal depot of the Chesapeake and 
Ohio road (connection northward to Harrisonburg 
and to Harper's Ferry) ; to Goshen (near connec- 
tions to Rockbridge Alum, Bath Alum, Jordan 
Alum and other Springs; and by stage to Rock- 
bridge Baths, Lexington, the Natural Bridge, &c.) ; 
to Covington; through Alleghenies to White Sul- 
phur Springs, (see, for all these connections, Route 
9|) ; to Huntington, on the Ohio River, terminus 
of the Chesapeake and Ohio road, &c] 

Of course the most interesting of all excursions 
from Washington will be that to 

Mount Vernon, old residence and burial-place 
of Washington, lying on the west bank of the Poto- 
mac, eight miles below Alexandria. It is, to Am- 
ericans, unquestionably the most sacred of places on 
the continent, and only less interesting to those 
from other lands. Though somewhat decayed, the 
House (now the property of the Nation, through 
the labors of Edward Everett and the ladies of the 
" Ladies Mount Vernon Association "), commands a 
beautiful view of the river, is in fair preserva- 
tion, and contains many valuable relics, among 
others, pictures and furniture of Washington, the 
Key of the Bastille, presented to him by Lafayette, 
etc. TJie Tomb, of brick, stands near the house, 
under heavy shade, with an open grated doorway 
through which the sarcophagi of Washington and 
his wife are seen ; with other tombs of the family 
visible without; the archway of the tomb bearing 
the simple inscription : " Within this enclosure rest 



BO TJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 186 

the remains of General George Washington" Not 
far distant is the original Tomb, now crumbling to 
dust. [Reached from Washington by boat ; or by 
boat to Alexandria, and drive, or by drive. If by 
boat, with view of and stop at old Fort Washington, 
once a fortification of some consequence, on the 
eastern side of the Potomac, between Alexandria 
and Mount Vernon. 

Other Excursions from Washington, those to 
Bull Bun, scene' of the first important battle of 
the secession [reached from Alexandria, by Manas- 
sas Junction], and other fields of the late conflict 
Also, nearly the same, in different directions, with 
obvious variation of railway routes, as those from 
Baltimore — see close of Division B, this route. 

Division E. 

WASHINGTON, TO AND AT RICHMOND, VA. 

Leave Washington by morning boat on the Poto- 
mac river, to Alexandria, Va., on the right, [See 
previous Division] ; thence by Fort Washington, on 
the left [See same], and Mount Vernon, on the right 
[See same] ; to 

Aquia Creek, small village deriving its only im- 
portance from this transit, at the junction of the 
Creek of that name with the Potomac. Thence rail, 
on the Richmond, Fredericsburg and Potomac road, 
to 

Frede"ricsburg, on the right baDk of Rappahan- 



186 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

nock Kiver — old town of importance in early Virgi- 
nia history, and especially notable from the fact that 
Geoege Washington was born in the immediate 
neighborhood. This event, so important to the 
Western World and indeed to all mankind, took 
place upon what has long been known as the Wake 
field Estate, at an inconsiderable distance from the 
town, within the limits of Westmoreland county; 
and though the birth-place has long been destroyed, 
the spot is commemorated by a stone slab erected 
there by George W. P. Custis, step-son of Washing- 
ton, in 1815, and bearing the brief inscription: 
"Here, the 11th of -February, (0. S.) 1732, George 
Washington was Born" The mother of Washington 
resided, late in life, at Fredericsburg, and died and 
was buried there ; her monument, in the outskirts of 
the town, inaugurated by President Jackson in 1833, 
still shamefully remaining unfinished. The house is 
still pointed out, at the corner of Lewis and Charles 
streets, where she saw her distinguished son for the 
last time. Fredericsburg has also a later celebrity, 
as the scene, and in the neighborhood, of a consider- 
able amount of the fighting of the secession war, in 
1862, ? 63, and later ; and the country in the vicinity 
has by no means recovered from the devastation of 
those conflicts. Fredericsburg, by Milford, Chester, 

Sexton's Junction [connection westward, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio Eailroad, to Gordonsville, Staunton, 
and White Sulphur Springs,'] to 

Richmond, on the James River, capital of the 



RO TJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHERN. 187 

State of Virginia, and ever memorable as the later 
seat of the Confederate Government, and the object 
of an investiture and siege by the United States 
forces, that seemed literally hopeless and intermina- 
ble. It lies on the left or north bank of the James, 
at the Lower Falls, or end of that series of rapids ex- 
tending six miles above and supplying the city with 
the needed water-power for its many flour-mills, to- 
bacco and other manufactories. The most conspic- 
uous object in the city, from the height of its posi- 
tion as well as from other causes, is 

TJie Capitol, located on Shockoe Hill, a considera- 
ble elevation, and thus looking down upon the major 
portion of the city. It is Greek in the character of 
its architecture, with porticos, and a tall, narrow 
dome, and is generally impressive in effect, though 
the details are by no means faultless. It stands in a 
public square elevated as already named, and com- 
mands a fine view, especially from the portico or 
dome, over the James Eiver, its islands, and a wide 
stretch of country. Internally, there is not much of 
interest in the legislative halls; the principal at- 
traction centering in the splendid marble statue of 
Washington, by Houdon, considered the best extant, 
standing in the central hall, under the dome — and 
in the historical reminiscences, now so varied, inevi- 
tably clustering round the principal place of direc- 
tion of the short-lived Confederacy. 

Other Principal Buildings, worth visit: Richmond 
and St. Vincent Colleges; the City Hall, Custom 



188 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

House and Penitentiary ; and, as special objects of 
interest connected with the war, Castle Thunder and 
the Libby Prison. Also may be visited with profit, 
some of the many Flouring Mills, in which some of 
the best wheat in the world is prepared. Leading 
Churches: St. John's and the Monumental, with 
many others only less interesting. Other objects of 
interest : the old Lines of Fortification defending the 
city during the siege ; the Rapids (or Falls of the 
James) ; the entrance of the James Eiver and 
Kanawha Canal, etc. Leading Hotel : the Ballard. 
[Principal railway connections from Eichmond: 
northward, by routes just traversed, to Washington, 
etc. ; eastward to the White House and Chesapeake 
Bay ; southward, by Petersburg and Weldon road, to 
Weldon and Wilmington (N. C.) ; westward, by 
Sexton's Junction and Gordonsville, to Charlottes- 
ville, Staunton, Covington, White Sulphur Springs, 
&c; south-westward, by Eichmond and Danville 
road, to Greensboro (N. C), and Columbia and 
Charleston (S. C.) ; also south-westward, by 
South Side and Tennessee roads (by Burkeville 
Junction) to Lynchburg, and across the Alleghe- 
nies to Knoxville (Tenn.), and other places in ex- 
treme south and west. (See routes following.) ] 



ROUTE NO. 9 1-2-SPEGIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR* 

BALTIMORE OR WASHINGTON TO PRINCIPAL VIR- 
GINIA SPRINGS, NATURAL CURIOSITIES AND 
MOUNTAINS, AND TO LYNCHBURG 
AND RICHMOND. 

Division A. 

BY HARPER'S PERRY TO BERKELEY SPRINGS. 

Leave Baltimore or Washington by Baltimore and 
Ohio railroad, along the Upper Potomac and the 
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, with burned bridges 
and other traces of the late secession war, through 
Monocacy Valley to 

Point of Rocks, commencement of the rough di- 
vision made by the Potomac River between the 
States of Maryland and Virginia (railway con- 
nection northward to Frederick) ; to Hagerstown 
Junction (railway connection northward to Hagers- 
town) ; to 

* Tickets, information, and all facilities for this tonr, are supplied 
by Messrs. Cook, Son & Jenkins, 262 Broadway, New York, ( ne of the 
members of which firm has deserved the thanks of travellers by his 
efforts for better opening Virginia to toarists, and calling closer and 
wider attention to the noble scenery of the section. 



189a SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Harper's Ferry, at the intersection of the 
Upper Potomac with the Shenandoah, and consid- 
ered one of the most picturesque passes in America, 
as well as a point of much importance in late history. 
(See Eoute 9, Division B, p. 170.) Among its 
objects of special interest are the ruins of the XJ. S. 
Arsenal; Maryland, Loudoun, and other heights, 
through which the Potomac makes its grand pas- 
sage ; the very fine iron bridge over the river, &c. 
At this point the railroad, which has before followed 
the Maryland shore, crosses to that of Virginia, and 
continues for some distance within sight of the Poto- 
mac. The next station of importance is that of 

Martinshurg, famous during the war as one of the 
strongholds of secession, and the home of the ultra- 
Southern heroine, Belle Boyd : now a thriving town, 
with railway-shops, the county Fair- Grounds, and a 
rough but picturesque location. By minor stations 
to 

Sir Jo7m's Run, on the Potomac, spot of one 
of the encampments of Gen. Braddock, on the 
way to his disastrous defeat at Fort Duquesno, and 
named for Sir John Sinclair, commander of his van- 
guard. Also noted for the experiments of Eumford, 
who here constructed one of the earliest steamboats. 

[Beyond Sir John's Eun, for Cumberland, Pitts- 
burg and the West, continue by the Baltimore and 
Ohio road, crossing the Alleghenies, through scenery 
of marked magnificence.] 

At Sir John's Kun, for the purposes of this tour, 



*jt£riMfc 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR 1895 

stage is taken, through very fine mountain scenery, 
for a short ride to 

Berkeley Springs, one of the oldest and most 
noted of the Virginia watering-places, at which G-em 
Washington, Thomas Jefferson and other great men 
of the past had summer residences, and sought 
health and relaxation. The Springs lie in a pleasant 
valley, hemmed in hy mountains, and are alleged to 
possess a specially breezy atmosphere, at all seasons ; 
and the waters, merely tepid, have a high repute for 
bathing. The place has a certain additional cele- 
brity, as the residence of "Porte Crayon" (Genl. D. 
H. Strother), the well-known illustrator of Virginia 
scenery. Principal Hotel: the Pavilion, with fine 
grounds and baths of great completeness. 

Return from Berkeley Springs to Sir John's Run 
and to Harper's Ferry, for pursuance of this tour ; 
changing cars at Harper's Ferry to Winchester and 
Potomac road. 

Division B. 
harper's ferry to and at weyer's cave. 

Leave Harper's Ferry by the Winchester and; 
Potomac road, down the Shenandoah Valley, with 
shallow river on the left, and many marks of the de- 
struction wrought in the Valley, by fire and other- 
wise, during the secession war. Through a very 
fine agricultural country, opening what is more 
generally called the "Valley of Virginia." Half an 
hour from Harper's Ferry brings 



189c SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Gharlestown, a village of little prominence, but 
always notable, henceforth, as the place where John 
Brown, of Osawattomie, was tried and executed, for 
his armed invasion of the State, at Harper's Ferry. 
The spot where Brown was hung is visible in a high 
field, at the left of the road, shortly after passing 
through the main village. Continuing through a 
very rich agricultural country, something less than 
one hour brings 

Winchester, thriving town of the Valley, with the 
ice Mountain, where blocks of ice are said to be 
found all the year round, the Capon Springs, the 
Hanging Rocks, and other natural curiosities, with- 
in easy reach — and having now a peculiar historic 
and romantic interest, as the spot of an important 
conflict and the place of termination of T. Bucha- 
nan Read's celebrated poem, " Sheridan's Ride." 
During all this ride down the Valley of Virginia, 
grand mountain scenery accompanies, at a distance, 
the Blue Ridge at the East and the North Mountain 
range at the West, seeming to shut the whole Val- 
ley away from the world. Also, many ravines and 
high bridges add picturesqueness to the journey. 
At 

Strasburg Junction connection is made with the 
Washington City, Virginia Midland and Great 
Southern railroad, from and to Manassas Junction, 
Washington, Alexandria, &c. Passing Woodstock^ 
Mount Jackson, and other stations, and Newmarket 
{stage connection for Gordonsville), is reached 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR. 189tf 

Harrisonburg, end of rail in this direction, until 
the completion of the line through to the Chesa- 
peake and Ohio road at Staunton, and always one of 
the points of departure for Weyer's Cave. Leading 
Hotel: Ejfinger's. 

At Harrisonburg, or at Weyer's Cave Station, a 
few miles beyond, stage-coach or private carriage 
may be taken for the ride, through a moderately 
broken country, to 

Weyer's Cave, one of the most remarkable and 
beautiful subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered more varied in its spectacles than the 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, though much smaller* 
It lies on one of the branches of the Shenandoah, a 
few miles west of the Blue Eidge, and has been prin- 
cipally made known to the world (though known 
since 1804), by "Porte Crayon," in his "Virginia 
Illustrated." For any adequate impression of this 
cave, its many chambers, great extent, wonderful 
variety, and the singular character of its stalactites 
and stalagmites, dependence must be entirely placed 
upon personal observation, the guide (always in 
readiness), and the local hand-book cheaply sup- 
plied. The visitor should be advised, however, 

(1) that he is undoubtedly visiting one of the 
most notable subterranean marvels in any land; 

(2) that a considerable amount of fatigue is in- 
volved in any thorough exploration; but that (3) 
no danger whatever is incurred, if the guide's di- 
rections are obeyed; though (4) fine clothing is 



•iWe SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

apt to become a trifle smirched, and ladies' long 
dresses are out of place; and (5) night is con- 
sidered a better time for the visit than day, as 
the eyes are not subjected to such changes be- 
tween the world outside the cave and the torch- 
light realm within it. Hotel (and place for pro- 
curing guide), Mohler's Weyer's Cave Hotel. In the 
vicinity of Weyer's Cave are Madison's Cave (de- 
scribed by Thos. Jefferson in " Notes on Virginia"), 
Fountain Cave, and others minor but interesting to 
those making longer sojourns. 

From Weyer's Cave, return by stage-coach or car- 
riage to connection with the rail between Harris* 
onburg and Staunton, at Weyer's Cave Station, 
thence by rail to Staunton; or, to Mount Sidney, 
and continue by carriage (turnpike, and fine drive), 

to Staunton. 

Division C. 

AT STAUNTON, AND TO THE WHITE SULPHUR 
SPRINGS. 

Staunton, thriving* town of considerable age, 
county town of Augusta County, noted for its Col- 
legiate Schools, and seat of two State institutions of 
consequence — the Hospital for the Insane, and the 
Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, — 
has lately sprung into increased prominence as the 
head quarters of the just-completed Chesapeake and 
Ohio railroad, extending from Chesapeake Bay to 
the Ohio River. It has also additional importa^<* 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR. 189/ 

as a place of rendezvous for tourists to the various 
springs and natural curiosities adjacent. Principal 
Hotel : the American. [Railway connections, east 
to Charlottesville, Richmond, Norfolk, &c. ; west by 
route about to be traversed; south by stage (rail in 
contemplation) to Bonsack's, and the Virginia and 
Tennessee road, for the south-west.] 

From Staunton, for pursuance of this route — by 
the Chesapeake and Ohio railroad, by 

Goshen, village with important connections to 
many of the more important Springs, the Natural 
Bridge, &c. (hereafter to be noted); at this point 
the scenery along the road commencing and con- 
tinuing to be singularly wild and grand, ranking 
among the best of its class in America — all the dis- 
tance through and from the North Mountain chain, 
to and through the Alleghenies. Among the most 
prominent points to be noted, are the rocky pass of 
Panther G-ap, the huge bulk of Griffith's Knob, 
and the picturesque mouth of the Cow Pasture 
River. At 

Millboro is the point of leaving the rail by coach 
for the Warm Springs, and the "Warm Spring Moun- 
tain, long celebrated for grandeur of view. Pur- 
suing route by the rail, however, is passed the grand 
scenery of Clifton Forge, with the wild entrance of 
Jackson's River; and not far beyond is reached 

Covington, mere railway hamlet ; beyond which 
point the scenery is even wilder than before, with 
the great Clay Cut, the tremendous embankment 



189^ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

of Jerry's Bun, and two" immense Tunnels — the 
second and longest through one of the mountains 
of the main Allegheny ridge; shortly after which 
are reached 

Wliite Sulphur Springs (station, and place of 
popular resort). 

[Beyond the "White Sulphur Springs, for those 
going West, rail is continued, by Gauley Bridge, 
Cliarleston, B arbour sville, &c, to Huntington and 
the Ohio River.] The 

White Sulphur Springs (hotel and grounds) 
lie very near the station. The grounds are very ex- 
tensive, and well laid out ; and the hotel building, 
taking name from the Springs, is large and commo- 
dious, though old (having entertained the flower of 
Southern aristocracy through the summers of more 
than half a century), while nearly one hundred cot- 
tages, in " Rows," circling the grounds, afford favor- 
ite accommodation. The waters of the Springs are 
strongly sulphuric, as the name indicates, and are 
held to be a specific in many diseases ; though no 
doubt the principal attraction of the place is, after 
all, compounded of fashion and the fine surrounding 
scenery. 



SPECIAL VIRGINIAN TOUR. 189ft 

Division D. 

TO LEXINGTON, THE NATURAL BRIDGE, LYNCHBURG 
AND RICHMOND. 

Return, from the White Sulphur Springs, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio road, by Covington, &c, to 

Goshen, before named in proceeding westward — 
important as being the centre or point of departure 
for many places of popular resort. [Among others 
reached from Goshen by coach, are the Cold White 
Sulphur Springs, 2 miles; the Rockbridge Alum 
Springs, 8 miles; and the Jordan Alum Springs, 8 
miles : besides others embraced in the tour follow- 
ing-] 

Leave Goshen, by stage-coach, through the very 

wild and picturesque Goshen Pass, along the North 
Fork of the James River, to 

Rockbridge Baths, popular place of summer re- 
sort, beside the North Fork of the James, and with 
iodine and magnesia waters, said to be of the first 
excellence. Hotel : the Rockbridge Baths. 

From Rockbridge Baths, continue by stage-coach 
to 

Lexington, important town and tourist centre, 
seat of the Virginia Military Institute, and of 
Washington and Lee University, and with the tombs 
of Generals Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson 
commanding attention. Has also, at the University, 
an Astronomical Observatory of note, founded by 
McCoimick, inventor of the Reaper, a native of 



189* SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

this county (Kockbridge). Leading Hotel : the Na- 
tional. 

[From Lexington, by stage or private carriage, 
excursion may be made to the Peaks of Otter, moun- 
tains of peculiar beauty, southward ; or stage may be 
taken to Bonsach's, and connection made with the 
Virginia and Tennessee road.] 

From Lexington, by stage or carriage, to the 
Natural Bridge, first curiosity of Virginia, 
and one of the grandest in the world. It crosses, in 
a natural arch of some ninety feet, and with a 
height of over two hundred feet, the deep chasm of 
Cedar Creek, flowing into the James ; and neither 
pen nor pencil can do justice to the absolute gran- 
deur of the structure, as witnessed from below and 
above. Best points of view, and peculiar oddities 
of resemblance to faces and animals under the arch, 
pointed out by guides. The tourist may or may not 
recognize the Eagle with outstretched wings, the 
Lion's head, the Goddess of Liberty, and other 
striking similitudes to men and animals, in the 
moss and discoloration of the under-surface ; but it 
is sure that he will realize the grandeur of the struc- 
ture, which is so wide, above, and so solid, that one 
of the great public roads of the county passes over 
it, and thousands ride across in stage-coach or wagon 
without being aware of the terrible gulf beneath, 
except their attention is called to it. Much inte- 
rest is always excited by the initials cut- at different 
heights under the arch, by adventurous climbers; 



SPECIAL VIBGINIAN TOUR. l^j 

and many fancy, perhaps with reason, that those of 
George Washington (known to have been a visitor 
and admirer of the Natural Bridge) may be dis- 
covered in a certain locality. From above, at both 
sides, very fine views over the creek and the adjacent 
country may be obtained; though prudence should 
be observed in goiug near to either edge. There is 
also a view, at some distance from the road, of the 
Bridge itself, which should not be lost. Hotel: the 
Natural Bridge. Some notable Caves lie in the neigh- 
borhood, partaking of the character of Weyer's and 
others. 

From Natural Bridge, by carriage, to Qilmour's 
Mill; and thence daily (evening) packet-boat on 
the James River and Kanawka Canal, through fine 
scenery, to 

Lynchburg, on the James River — flourishing town, 
and great depot of the tobacco-trade, as well as rail- 
way centre of importance. [Connections, westward 
by the Virginia and Tennessee road ; northward to 
Charlottesville and Gordonsville, for Eastern Virginia, 
Washi^gto^", &c. ; southward to Danville, for North 
Carolina, &c. ; eastward by route about to be trav- 
ersed.] Leading Hotels : the Norvell and Piedmont. 

From Lynchburg, by the South Side railroad, by 
Burheville Junction, to Richmond. (See Route 9, 
p. 186 and following.) 

Richmond to Washihgtoh by reverse of Route 9 3 
Division E, p. 185 ; or by Chesapeake and Ohio road 
to Gordonsville (Junction), and thence by Wash- 



189fc SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

ington City, Virginia Midland and Great Southern 
road, — for return northward ; or eastward, or south- 
ward, by other lines of connection from that city. 
(See Eoute 9, p. 188.) 



ROUTE NO. 10 -SOUTH-WESTERN (SEM/-SKELE- 

TON.) 

RICHMOND, BY RALEIGH, WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA, 

CHARLESTON, ATLANTA, MONTGOMERY AND 

MOBILE, TO NEW ORLEANS. 

Richmond by rail on Petersburg and Weldon road, 
to Petersburg (with fortifications remaining, and 
other traces of the late struggle. [Connection 
south-eastward to Suffolk and Norfolk.] Thence 
by Hickford Junction [connection south to Weldon, 
Goldshoro and Wilmington], where Raleigh and Gas- 
ton road is taken, — and by Ridgeivay Junction ; to 

Raleigh, capital of the State of North Carolina, 
on the Neuse River, and named after Sir Walter 
Raleigh. It has an imposing State House, hand- 
some Union Square, State Lunatic Asylum and 
many other objects of interest. From Raleigh ; by 
the North Carolina and Wilmington roads, to 

Wilmington, on the Cape Fear river, largest and 
chief commercial city of the State, with steamers to 
New York; extensive exports of naval stores ; some 
good public buildings; Forts Fisher and Caswell 
(bombarded during the war), etc. Wilmington, by 
Columbia and Augusta road to Florence ; thence by 
North-eastern road to 

Charleston, principal city of South Carolina, 



190 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and one of the leading sea-ports of the South [may 
he reached by steamer direct from New York], as 
well as especially celebrated as having been the spot 
at which the first fighting of the secession occurred, 
and for a long time the stronghold of the Confede- 
rates and object of Federal siege. It lies at the 
confluence of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, has a 
fine harbor, and very strong fortifications, in Forts 
Moultrie, Castle Pinckney, etc., and also the ruins of 
the celebrated Fort Sumter, It has many good pub- 
lic buildings, though many were destroyed during 
the war, from which the city is only slowly recover- 
ing. Among the most interesting buildings are the 
Old State House, (now Court House), New Custom 
House, City Hall, Orphan Asylum, St. Michael's 
Church (with fine old tower), Charleston College, eta. 
Principal Public Ground : the Battery, at the har- 
bor-side. Principal Cemetery: Magnolia Cemetery ', 
considered the finest in the South. Leading Hotels : 
the Mills House, Cliarleston and Pavilion. [Near 
connection south-westward, by Charleston and Sa- 
vannah road, to 

Savannah, principal town of the State of Georgia, 
on south bank of the Savannah river, with remark- 
ably wide streets, fine shade, many notable public 
buildings, revolutionary and secession reminiscences, 
and considered one of the healthiest of the Southern 
cities. Principal Hotels: the Marshall, Pulaski, 
and Scriven, Connection from Savannah south- 
westward to Tallahassee and other towns of Florida. ) 



HO UTE NO. 10.— SO UTH- WESTERN, 191 

From Charleston, by South Carolina road, by 
Branclwille and Kingsville, to 

Columbia, capital of South Carolina, beautifully 
situated on the Congaree river, with what is consid- 
ered the handsomest State- Capitol in the Union, 
the South Carolina College, and many other attrac- 
tions, though burned during the war, and only par- 
tially recovered. Leading Hotel : Nickerson's. From 
Columbia, by Columbia and Augusta road, to 

Augusta, capital of Georgia, and secoud town in 
the State ; on the Savannah river, with Powder and 
Cotton Factories, a large U. S. Arsenal in the neigh- 
borhood, handsome City Hall, and many attractions 
as a residence. Leading Hotels : the Augusta and 
Planters'. From Augusta, westward, by the Georgia 
road, to 

Atlanta, important railway town of Georgia, being 
at the intersection of the Georgia road west, the At- 
lantic road southward from Cliattanooga and Nash- 
ville, the Macon road south to Macon, etc. ; and with 
a certain other interest in its siege during the war, 
and as the point of departure of Sherman, on his 
" March to the Sea." Hotel: the National. From 
Atlanta, by Atlanta and West Point and Montgom- 
ery and West Point roads, by West Point, to 

Montgomeey, capital of Alabama, and for a time 
the seat of the Confederate Government, before re- 
moval to Richmond. It lies on the Alabama river, 
has a commanding site, a Capitol worthy of atten- 
tion, and many other good buildings, though having 



193 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

several times suffered severely by fire. Prominent 
Hotels : the Central and Exchange. From Montgo- 
mery south-westward, by Mobile and Montgomery 
road, by Pollard (Junetion: railway connection to 
Pensacola, handsome town on Pensacola Bay, near 
the Gulf of Mexico, with fine harbor, U. S. Naval 
Station, etc. — leading Hotels: Bedell, Winter and 
St. Mary's Hall) ; to 

Mobile, on the Bay of the same name, branch of 
the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most important sea- 
port of Alabama, and, in spite of bad navigation, the 
second of the Great Cotton-ports of the Gulf. It 
has few public buildings of interest, but fine water- 
views, extensive fortifications, and a romantic his- 
toric interest as the scene of Farragut's fearful " pas- 
sage of the Forts" and lashing himself in the shrouds 
of his vessel in the midst of their fire. [Communi- 
cation by steamers and sailing-vessels, to New Or- 
leans, Galveston, and many other ports on the 
Gulf.] Leading Hotel: the Battle House. From 
Mobile, by Mobile and Texas road, to 

New Orleans, largest city of the State of Loui- 
siana, and first cotton port of the South, as well as 
entrepot for products coming down the Mississippi 
River, of which it lies at near the debouchure into 
the Gulf of Mexico. New Orleans, familiarly called 
the " Crescent City," from its shape on the river, 
used also to be called the " Paris of America," and 
has not quite lost all the characteristics of gaiety 
bestowing the name. It lies on land lower than th^ 



ROUTE NO. 10.— SOUTH-WESTERN. 193 

river, rendering necessary a great embankment, call- 
ed the Levee, which also supplies both wharves and 
promenades, along which may be seen the most 
marked features of the city. Among the later nota- 
ble events connected, were another "passing of the 
Forts," below, {Forts Jackson and St. Philip) by 
Admiral Farragut, and. the occupation of the city by 
the somewhat-unpopular commandant, Gen. B. F. 
Butler. Among the most important buildings are 
the Custom House, Canal street, one of the largest in 
America; the U. S. Branch Mint ; the City Hall; 
Odd Fellows Hall; Masonic Hall ; Merchants'' Ex- 
change; U. S. Marine Hospital, etc. It has many fine 
churches, with the Eoman Catholic Cathedral of St. 
Louis the most prominent ; and of its public grounds 
the most notable are the New City Park, Lafayette 
Square, Jackson Square, etc. Most attractive Ceme- 
teries : Cypress Grove, Greenwood, and Monument 
(soldiers'). There are two Monuments of interest: 
the Clay, on Canal street, and the Jackson (unfin- 
ished) on the Battle-field, below the city. One of 
the most interesting features of New Orleans is to 
be found in the Markets, which should be visited 
early in the morning, not only to observe the im- 
mense variety of articles on sale, but the negro, half- 
Spanish and half-French characters of dealers and 
customers. Principal Theatres: the Opera House^ 
St. Charles, Varieties and Academy of Music. Prom- 
inent Hotels : the St. Charles, St. Louis, St. James t 
and City. Excursions may be made to the Battle- 



194 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Field, scene of Gen. Jackson's victory over Sir 
Edmund Pakenhain, Jan. 8th, 1815, four or five 
miles below the city ; to the U. S. Barracks, a little 
above ; to LakePonchartrain, above the city (famous 
for fishing and shooting, in the season) ; to. the 
Delta and the Mouths of the Mississippi, some 
twenty-five miles below. 

[New Orleans has regular communication, by 
steamer, to New Yoke ; to Havana (Cuba) ; to 
Galveston (Texas) ; and nearly all important Gulf 
ports. Also by steamer up the Mississippi, to Mem- 
phis, Cairo, St. Louis, and all important towns on 
that river. Also by rail, by Jackson (Miss.) to Mem- 
phis; and thence to all towns and cities in fch© 
North, North-east or North -west] 



ROUTE NO. 11 -SOUTH-WESTERN (SKELETON. 



WASHINGTON OR RICHMOND, BY LYNCHBURG, 

KNOXVILLE AND CHATTANOOGA, TO 

MOBILE AND NEW ORLEANS. 

Washington by rail, by Alexandria; and by 
Orange, Alexandria and Manassas road (by Manassas 
Junction), to Charlottesville (Junction — connection 
westward to Staunton, etc.) ; thence direct to Lynch- 
burg. Or, Richmond by South Side road to Burlc- 
vuie (Junction — intersection with Richmond and 
Danville road, southward;; tnence uirect by Appo- 
mattox, and other stations, to 

Lynchburg, on the James River, and the James 
River and Kanawha Canal — important tobacco-depot 
and flourishing cown. [Most convenient railway 
point, from which to reach, by canal-packet or car- 
riage, those great natural curiosities, the Natural 
Bridge and the (Mountain) Peaks of Otter.] From 
Lynchburg, by Virginia and Tennessee Road, by 
BonsacFs [stage connection to Natural Bridge, 
Lexington, &c] ; Big Tunnel [passage of the Alle- 
gheny Mountains; horse-car connection to Alle- 
gheny Springs] ; Bristol, and other stations, to 

Knoxville, important town of the State of Ten- 
nessee, on the Hoist on River, with the University of 



196 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

East Ten /lessee, many railway connections, and much 
popularity as a place of residence. Knoxville to 

Chattanooga, on the Tennessee river, near the 
boundaries of Alabama and Georgia, and one of the 
most important railway centres of the south-west; 
but additionally celebrated, since the war, for the 
battles of Cliickamauga and Lookout Mountain, 
fought in the immediate neighborhood. In the 
vicinity of the Lookout (easily visited from Chatta- 
nooga,) is to be found scenery of equal grandeur and 
loveliness. Hotel : the Crutchfield House. Chatta- 
nooga, by the Alabama and Chattanooga road, by 
Tuscaloosa and other important stations, to 

Meridian, railway town of the State of Mississippi, 
[with connections east to Montgomery, west to Jack- 
son (capital of the State), north of Memphis, etc.] 
From Meridian, by the Mobile and Ohio road, direct 
U> Mobile and New Orleans, as in Route No. 10. 



ROUTE NO. 12 -WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, HARRISBURG, PITTS- 
BURG, CINCINNATI, ST. LOUIS, CHICAGO, ETC., 
BY PENNSYLVANIA CENTRAL ROAD AND 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNC- 
TION. 

Leave New York (as by Koute No. 8) by the New 
Jersey road, by Jersey City, Newark, Elizabeth, 
Rahway, New Brunswick, Trenton, etc., to Phila- 
delphia, if for stop at that city; if for through pas- 
sage to the West, without stop at Philadelphia, New 
York by the same towns to Mantua Junction, 
where close through -connection is made. 

Division B. 

PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNCTION, TO AND AT 
HARRISBURG. 

Leave Philadelphia (West Philadelphia), or Man- 
tua Junction, if without stop at Philadelphia, by 
rail, by the Pennsylvania Central road; by Down- 
ington [connection northward for Waynesburg] ; 
by Coatesville [connection northward for Reading \ 
southward for Wilmington ], etc. ; to 

Lancaster, pleasantly situated on the Conestoga 
Creek, in a fine agricultural section; seat of Franklin 



198 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and Marshall College ; with Court House and other 
creditable buildings, and interesting series of Canal 
Locks in the neighborhood, at mouth of the creek. 
Was for some years, at beginning of the century, the 
seat of government of Pennsylvania. Leading Ho- 
tels : the City, and Michael's. Lancaster, by Branch 
Intersection [connection northward to Reading, 
southward for Columbia, York, etc.], Mt. Jog and 
Middletown, to 

Hakrisbueg, capital of the State of Pennsylvania, 
on the east bank of the Susquehanna river (origi- 
nally "Harris' Ferry" over that river). The most 
notable building is the Capitol, on high ground, 
with fine view from the dome, with State Library, 
Legislative Chambers, etc. Also should be visited, 
the Court House; the Old Harris Mansion; and 
some of the extensive Iron and Steel Works in #ie 
vicinity; as well the Susquehanna river and some 
of the bridges spanning it — one of them very old, 
and shows a remarkably high arch. Principal 
street; Front Street. Principal Public Ground; 
Harris Park. Prominent Hotels; the Lochiel, 
Jones House, and Bolton's. [Important railway con- 
nections from Harrisburg : by Lebanon Valley road, 
east to Lebanon and Reading ; by Northern Central 
road, southeast to Baltimore, etc.; by the same 
road northward to Elmira and the Erie Railway and 
its connections ; by Cumberland Valley road, south- 
westward for Carlisle, Cliambersburg, etc. ; by Phila- 
delphia and Erie road, northwestward for Williams- 
port, Corry, Erie and Oil Regions.] 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 199 

Division G. 

HARRISBTJRG TO AND AT PITTSBURG, WHEELING, ETC 

From. Harrisburg, continuing by Pennsylvania 
Central road; by Lewistown [connection north- 
ward for Milroy, northeastward for Sunbury, etc.] ; 
by Tyrone [connection northeastward to Loch Haven 
and the Philadelphia and Erie road, northwest to 
Clearfield, etc.] ; by Huntington, etc., to 

Altooka, at the commencement of the ascent of 
the Alleghany Mountains ; great locomotive-shop of 
the Pennsylvania Central Company; and sur- 
rounded by magnificent mountain-scenery, making 
a sojourn very pleasant in summer. Hotel: the 
Logan House. [Spur southward to Martinsburg, 
and stage thence to Bedford Springs.'] From Al- 
toona should be made, by daylight, to enjoy the fine 
scenery, the 

Railway ascent of the Alleghanies, with features 
quite as grand as most of the Alpine rail-routes, 
and double power necessary in drawing up the 
trains. An immense Tunnel, nearly three-quar- 
ters of a mile in length, is passed through before 
reaching the summit, at 

Cresson (Cresson Springs), a popular summer- 
resort, on account of its elevation and healthful 
air. Hotel : the Mountain House. [Spur north- 
ward to Ebenslurg.] From Cresson the descent of the 
AUeghanies is made, without the use of steam, the 
speed being regulated by brake-power; to Conemaugh 
Station ; and to Johnstown^ with the extensive Cam- 



300 SHORT-TRIP QUIBE. 

brialron Works in the neighborhood, and heavy man- 
ufactures. Hotel : the Scott House, From Johns- 
tow», by Blairsville [connection northward for In- 
diana) northwestward to Freeport and points on Al- 
legheny Valley road] ; by Greensburg, etc., to 

Pittsburg, at the confluence of the Allegheny 
and Monongahela rivers (forming the commence- 
ment of the Ohio) ; and on the spot once occupied 
by old Fort Duquesne; with Braddock's Field, of 
the French war, in the near vicinity. Very exten- 
sive manufactures are carried on, in Pittsburg, in 
Allegheny City (across the Allegheny, and connected 
by fine bridges), in Birmingham (similarly situated 
across the Monongahela, with bridges), Lawrence- 
ville, and other suburbs — in iron, glass, steel, brass, 
wooden-ware, and many other industries. It is also 
a great coal and oil centre, and has the smokiest 
atmosphere in America. 

In addition to the Manufactories and the exten- 
sive Railway Buildings, other objects of interest 
will be found in the Levee (wharves) on the Monon- 
gahela; the Ohio and Mississippi boats loading there, 
with many peculiarities for the stranger; the In- 
clined Railway up Mount Washington, across the 
Monongahela, whence a fine view of the city may 
be commanded, etc. Among prominent public 
and other buildings will be noticed the Roman 
Catholic Cathedral; Presbyterian and Baptist 
Churches; Court House; Custom House; (with 
Post Office); new City Hall; Mercantile Library 
Hall, etc.; and in Alleghany City, the Theological 
Seminaries, Western Penitentiary, etc., and more 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 201 

elegant residences of the citizens. There are no 
less than four Cemeteries: the Alleghany; St. 
Mary's; Hilldale ; and Mt. Union. Leading Ho- 
tels : the Monongahela, Union, St. Charles, and 
Merchants'. 

[Railway connections from Pittsburg are very 
general. Northward, by the Alleghany Valley road, 
to Venango, Oil City, and the Oil Regions generally; 
eastward by route just traversed ; westward, to places 
named, by the Pittsburg, Cincinnati and St. Louis 
and Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago roads; 
northwestward to Cleveland, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, and to Erie by the Erie and Pittsburg 
road; southeastward to Cumberland, Harper's Ferry, 
etc., by the Pittsburg and Baltimore and Washing- 
ton road. There is also steamboat communication, 
down the Ohio river to WJieeling, and thenco to 
Cincinnati, during the open season.] 

From Pittsburg, by Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road, a visit may be paid to 

Wheeling, West Virginia, a large and important 
town, lying at the debouchure of Wheelicg Creek 
into the Ohio river — with manufactures of the same 
character as those of Pittsburg, only second to them 
in extent. Apart from its Manufactures, the two 
greatest points of interest are the Wire Suspension 
Bridge of the National Eoad, with 1,000 feet of span; 
and the new and splendid Railway Bridge. Oil and 
coal trade also immense, as at Pittsburg. [Railway 
connection southeastward by the Baltimore and Ohio 
road to Harper's Ferry, Baltimore and Washington; 



202 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

eastward to Pittsburg and northwestward to Cleve- 
land and Lake Erie, by the Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road. Or, by Baltimore and Ohio road, from 
Wheeling by Belle Air ; and Zanesville, thriving 
and handsome town on the Muskingum River, 
with immense water power and fine railroad-bridge 
— [connection southwestward^ by Cincinnati and 
Muskingum Valley road, to Cincinnati] : to New- 
ark, Columbus, etc, Steamboat communication to 
Pittsburg, and down the Ohio to Cincinnati 
during the open season. Hempfield railway will 
connect directly to Pittsburg when completed.] 

Division D. 

PITTSBURG TO AND AT COLUMBUS, OHIO. 

From Pittsburg, by rail, on the Pittsburg, Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis road (or from Wheeling by 
rail to same point) ; by 

Steubenville, pleasant village on the Ohio river, 
county seat of Jefferson County, with many manu- 
factures and fine scenery in the neighborhood; 
by Mingo Junction [connection northwestward to 
Cleveland, eastward to Rochester, etc.] ; by Dennison, 
Coshocton, an^l Dresden Junction [connection 
south to Zanesville, etc.] ; to 

Newaek, handsome and thriving town on the 
Licking river, with extensive railway connections; 
roads to Sandusky and Lake Erie, to Zanesville and 
the south, intersecting. From Newark to 

Columbus, on the Scioto River, capital of the 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN 203 

State of Ohio, and one of the most important towns 
of the state. It is beautifully laid out and very 
handsomely shaded; Broadiuay, its main street, 
being considered unsurpassed. The Capitol, on the 
elegant public ground, Capitol Square, has fine 
chambers, good sculptures and pictures; and 
there are, of other public buildings of interest, 
the City Hall ; U. S. Arsenal, with fine high 
grounds ; State Penitentiary ; Central Ohio Lunatic 
Asylum (building, in place of that burned in 1868) ; 
Blind and Deaf and Dumb Asylums ; Starling 
Medical College ; St. Mary's Female Seminary, etc. 
Also worthy of attention are the Holly Water 
Works* with steam raising-power. Other Public 
Grounds than the one already named and the fine 
ones surrounding most of the public buildings : the 
City and Goodale Paries, and those of the Franklin 
Agricultural Society. Most popular Cemetery: 
Green Lawn. Theatre : the Opera House. Hotel : 
the Neil House. [Eailway conections extensive : 
eastward by the route just traversed ; northward by 
the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indian- 
apolis road, to Toledo, Cleveland, etc.; south-west- 
ward to Cincinnati (as see route following) ; south- 
eastward to Athens and the Baltimore and Ohio 
road; etc.] 

Division E. 

COLUMBUS TO AND AT CINCINNATI. 

From Columbus, by the Little Miami road; 
by London ; by Xenia, very handsome town, with 



204 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

water-power and manufactures, on the Little 
Miami river [connection westward for Dayton 
and Richmond] ; by Morrow [connection east with 
the Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley road] ; by 
Loveland, [connection east by the Marietta and 
Cincinnati road, for Marietta, and the Baltimore 
and Ohio road] ; to 

Cincinnati, on the Ohio river, called the " Queen 
City," principally built upon two terraces sloping 
back from the river ; while opposite it, and divided 
from it by the Ohio river, are the large towns 
of Newport and Covington, in the State of Ken- 
tucky; with Newport Barracks, important U. S. 
military station, on the river bank, near the former. 
Cincinnati has also heavy commerce and important 
manufactures. 

Among the public buildings of prominence are 
the Custom House (with Post Office attached), on 
Fourth Street; the City Hall (with neat grounds), 
Plum Street ; the Court House, Main Street ; Cin- 
cinnati College, "Walnut Street ; St. Xavier's College 
(Catholic) Sycamore Street; Convent of Notre Dame, 
Sixth Street ; House of Refuge, north of the city ; 
City Workhouse, near the latter; Cincinnati Hos- 
pital, Twelfth Street; etc. Principal Churches: 
St. John's (Epis.) ; St. PauVs (Meth. Epis.) ; First 
Baptist; St. Peter's Cathedral (Catholic); First 
Presbyterian, etc., though with many others credi- 
table. Places of Amusement: the National and 
Wood's Theatres; Pikes Music Hall; Melodion; 
Gymnasium; Queen City Skating Pink, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 205 

Prominent Hotels: the Burnet, Spencer, Gibson, 
St. James, Carlisle, etc. 

Public Grounds: Eden Park, east of the city, 
elevated and with fine view ; Fountain Square, with 
magnificent bronze fountain lately presented by Mr. 
Henry Probasco; City, Lincoln, Washington and 
Hopkins Parks. Cemeteries : Spring Grove, one of 
the handsomest in the West, northwest of the city, 
with splendid avenues of approach, and a fine sol- 
diers' monument ; Si. Bernard, Wesley an, and others 
minor. Other Objects of Interest: the great Sus- 
pension Bridge over the Ohio, with longest span in 
the world ; the Licking Bridge, also a suspension, 
and only less remarkable in length; the Railroad 
Bridge (new) ; remains of entrenchments thrown up 
during the Confederate "siege"; the Levee, along 
the river, with steamboat-landings and a very fine 
idea of the industry of the city ; steamboat-building- 
yards; and many of the very extensive Manufac- 
tories, with diversified products. 

[Railway connections : eastward, by route just trav- 
ersed—also, by Marietta and Cincinnati, and Chesa 
peake and Ohio roads to Richmond, etc. ; northeast- 
ward by the Little Miami and other roads, to Cleve- 
land, Sandusky, etc. ; northward, by Cincinnati, 
Hamilton and Dayton road, to Toledo; northwest- 
ward, by same road and connections, to Chicago ; 
westward, by Ohio and Mississippi road, by Vin- 
cennes to St. Louis and the Mississippi river. 

Also, steamboat transit on the Ohio river, to all 
points on that stream, to Cairo and the Mississippi.] 



205a SHORT TRIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

PITTSBURG TO AND AT ST. LOUIS. 

Pittsburg to Columbus and Cincinnati, as by 
route preceding. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Indianapolis, Cincinnati 
and Lafayette road, by Delhi, North Bend, Valley 
Junction [connection with White Water Valley 
Kailroad], Lawrenceourg, [connection with Ohio and 
Mississippi road, for Vinceknes, etc.,] Morris, 
Qreensburg, Shelly ville, [connection with Jefferson- 
yille road, south for Louisville, etc.,] to 

Indianapolis, capital and largest town of the 
State of Indiana, lying on the White river, in a 
very fertile plain, with heavy manufactures, and sup- 
plying one of the most noted railroad centres of the 
West. It is also celebrated for its school system ; has 
an imposing but old State House, on Washington 
Street; State Lunatic Asylum, Institute for the 
Blind, United States Arsenal, Northwestern Chris- 
tian University, a very large Union Depot, an Acad- 
emy of Music, etc. Prominent Hotels : Bates House 
and Mason House. [Eailway connections, as before 
indicated, universal.] 

From Indianapolis, by the St. Louis, Vandalia and 
Terre Haute road, by Green castle, to 

Terre Haute, very handsome town on Harrison 
Prairie and the Wabash river, and also on the 
Wabash and Erie Canal, and with extensive railway 
connections. It is elegantly shaded, has many noble 



BOUTE NO. \2. — WESTERN. 205& 

residences, St. Mary's Seminary (Catholic), the State 
Normal School, and a handsome Opera House. It ia 
also largely engaged in manufactures, forging, etc* 
Hotel: the Terre Haute House (with a wonderful 
echo near it, excelling any other known in the world 
in the number of repetitions.) 

Terre Haute by Marshall and Greenup, to Effing- 
ham [connections north to Chicago, south to Cairo, 
etc., by branch of the Illinois Central road]; to 

Vandalia, on the Kaskaskia river, thriving town 
and once capital of the State of Indiana. [Connec- 
tions, north to Bloomington and Chicago, south to 
Cairo, etc., by main line of the Illinois Central road.] 
Vandalia. by Greenville, Highland, etc., to East St. 
Louis, and 

St. Louis. {See page 221.] 

Division G. 

PITTSBUKG BY FORT WAYNE TO CHICAGO. 

[See Eoute 13— page s 209 to 211 ; also same route, 
pages 212 to 216, tor 
Chicago.] 



ROUTE MO. 13.-WESTERN. 

NEW YORK TO EASTON (PA.), HARRISBURG, PITTS- 
BURG, FORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO ; BY THE 
ALLENTOWN ROUTE. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO EASTON, HARRISBURG AND PITTS- 
BURG. 

Leave New York, by boats of New Jersey Central 
Kailroad, from foot of Liberty Street, to Communi- 
paio (lower Jersey City) ; thence by cars of that 
road, by Bergen Point, and over Long Bridge across 
Newark Bay ; to ElizdbetUport (station — at the left 
the town and great coal depot of that name) ; and to 
Elizabeth [intersection with New Jersey road, 
eastward to New York, and westward to Phila- 
delphia: See Eoute No. 8, New York to Phila 
delphia]. Elizabeth, by other stations, to 

Plainpield, pleasant village and favorite summer- 
residence, lying at near the foot of the Orange 
Mountains, a minor spur of the Blue Ridge, and 
with a remarkable eminence at a short distance to 
the north, called " Washington's Rock/' from which 
that general is said sometimes to have watched the 
movements of the British forces. By Bound-Brooh 
on the Raritan River, and at the opening of the Valley 
of the same name, to 



ROUTE NO. IS.— WESTERN 207 

Somektille, county seat of Somerset County^ 
very handsomely situated, with fine quiet scenery in 
the neighborhood, some copper and iron mines, and 
much genera] prosperity. [Connection by South 
Branch Road to Fleming ton and Lamoerlvilie.\ By 
other stations to the 

High Bridge, (or rather very long and high em- 
banhment) over the South Branch of the Karitan 
River, with fine view in crossing, and large Iron- 
works in the neighborhood, for railroad-founding. 
Very soon is reached 

Hampton Junction [connection with the Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Railway, for the Delaware 
Water Gap, Scranton, the Coal Regions of Pennsyl- 
vania, and the Erie road at Binghampton.] By 
Bloomsbury and other stations, to 

Philipsbueg, on the New Jersey side of the Dela- 
ware, with heavy iron-manufactures, and three 
bridges connecting it with Easton, on the opposite 
side of the river. Also with important railway con- 
nections, for Central New Jersey, Philadelphia, and 
northward to the Delaware Water Gap and the 
Coal Regions. Crossing the river by bridge, the train 
reaches 

E aston", Pennsylvania, on the western bank of 
the Delaware, at the double junction of the Lehigh 
and the Bushkill, and one of the most important of 
the coal and railway centres of the two adjoining 
States, with extensive mills, distilleries and general 
manufactures. It is also the seat (on an eminence 



808 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

known as Mount Lafayette, at the east of the town) 
of Lafayette College, a flourishing and well-endowed 
institution, rapidly growing in influence. [Exten- 
sive railroad connection, apart from the line of route 
being traversed ; as in addition to that mentioned by 
both the New Jersey Central and the Delaware and 
Lackawanna to New Yoke, it has also connection 
northward to the Water Gap and the Coal Eegions ; 
southward to Philadelphia; the Lehigh Valley 
road northward to Pittston; the Lehigh Canal in 
the same direction ; and the Morris Canal through 
the State of New Jersey to Karitan Bay.] 

Leave Easton by Lehigh Valley road ; by Bethle- 
hem, pleasant town on the Lehigh river; seat of 
Leliigh University ; and long celebrated as the prin- 
cipal abode of the Moravians, or United Brethren, 
in the United States. [Connection southward with 
North Pennsylvania road for Philadelphia, and 
northward for Scranton and the Coal Regions.] 

From Bethlehem, by K Penn. Junction [con- 
nection with East Pennsylvania road] ; to 

Allentown, handsome town on high ground 
near the Lehigh river, with large iron and other 
manufactures, and much charm as a residence. 
Has Big Rock and several popular mineral springs 
in the neighborhood. Hotel: the American. [Con- 
nections, northward by the Lehigh Valley road to 
the Coal Regions and the Erie road ; westward by 
present route to Reading, etc.] 

Allentown, by East Pennsylvania road, to 



BO TJTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 209 

Reading, large and important manufacturing 
town on the Schuylkill river, especially notable for 
mills, iron-furuaces and railroad work. It has a 
high and handsome sloping location, with a con- 
siderable eminence, Penn's Mount, near, command- 
ing fine view. It has a noble Court House ; two or 
three Churches of especial beauty; and Mineral 
Springs in the neighborhood, with hotels of popu- 
lar resort. Leading Hotel (in the town), the Man- 
sion House. [Connection, northward, to Catazvissa 
and Hazleton (Coal Regions), and southeast to Phil- 
adelphia by the Philadelphia and Reading road.] 
Reading to 

Lebanon, on ftie Swatara Creek, county seat of 
Lebanon County, and a prosperous town, with the 
most immense (Cornwall) Iron Ore Beds in the neigh- 
borhood, known to exist in the world; also Copper 
Ore in large quantities, and Marble. From Lebanon. 
to 

Harrisbttkg. (For notes on Harrisburg, see 
previous Route, No. 12.) 

[Harrisburg to Pittsburg, as by Route No. 12, 
preceding ; whether for Chicago, Cincinnati, or St. 
Louis.] 

Division B. 

PITTSBURG TO PORT WAYNE AND CHICAGO. 

[At Pittsburg, previous route, No. 12, may be 
pursued, from that point to Columbus and Cincin- 
nati, with extension to St. Louis; or other lines 



210 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

pursued (see that route) northward to the Lakes, 
southward to the Baltimore and Ohio road, etc.] 

Leave Pittsburg, for Chicago or places on that 
line, by Pittsburg, Port "Wayne and Chicago road ; 
by Rochester (small town on the Beaver Creek — with 
connection southwestward, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, to Wheeling and west) ; by Home wood 
[connection northward for Newcastle, etc.] ; by Lee- 
tonia [connection southward to New Lisbon, etc.] ; 
by Salem, very handsome small town, with fine 
suburbs, and manufactures] ; to 

Alliance, important station [connection north- 
ward, by Cleveland and Pittsburg road, to Cleveland; 
soutnward to Steubenville, etc.] From Alliance, by 
Canton and Massillon, handsome manufacturing 
towns ; by Orrville [connection northward to Akrois" 
and Cleveland'] ; by Mansfield, another handsome 
manufacturing town [connections north ward to San- 
dusky, southward to Zanesville, southwestward to 
Dayton, Hamilton and Cincist^ ati] ; to 

Crestline, another important railway towo. [Con- 
nections southward by the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis road, to Columbus; 
northward by the Sandusky road to Sandusky ; 
northeastward to Cleveland by the Cleveland, Co- 
lumbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis road ; north- 
westward to Toledo and Detroit by same road and 
connections] . From Crestlin e, by Bucyrus, thriving 
village on the Sandusky Eiver ; by Forest [connec- 
tions north to Cleveland, south to Cincinnati] ; by 



ROUTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 211 

Lima, manufacturing village on the Ottawa river 
[connections southward by Cincinnati, Hamilton 
and Dayton road, to Dayton and Cincinnati ; north- 
ward by the same road to Toledo and Detroit] ; by 
minor stations, to 

Fort Wayne, Indiana, on the Maumee river — 
called the "Summit City"; because it lies at the 
highest point of the water-shed. It is passed 
through by the Wabash and Erie Canal, and is an 
important railway centre as well as a manufacturing 
town of promise. [Connections : northeastward to 
Toledo, Lake Erie and Detroit, by Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road ; westward by the same road and 
connections, to LoganspoH and thence to Peoria 
and towns of Central Illinois; northward to the 
Michigan Southern road, at Waterloo, etc.] From 
Fort Wayne, by Columbia : by Warsaw j by Ply- 
mouth [connection southward to Ihdianapolls, 
capital of the State, by Indianapolis, Peru and Chi- 
cago road] ; by Wanatah [connection southward by 
the Louisville and New Albany road, to Lafayette 
and to Louisville, Ky.] ; by Valparaiso, to that 
city which has furnished, both in fortune and mis- 
fortune, the best possible type of American capaci- 
ties in either direction, and which has been, and 
will continue to be, quite as often in men's mouths 
as any other on the Western Continent — 



212 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Chicago, Illinois. 

Division C. 

CHICAGO AS IT WAS, HAS BEEN, AND IS. 

The history of the world furnishes no parallel to 
the change between the three conditions above 
named, in connection with the " Giant of the West" 
city of Chicago, an exaggerated type of the whole 
continent, in the "was," the "has been" and the (i is." 

Up to the fall of the eventful year, 1871, Chi- 
cago stood, as it had been for thirty or forty years 
growing up to be, the actual Queen City of the 
West, one of the most important of the Union, and 
the greatest grain mart and depot of the world, as 
well as one of the most important railroad centres 
of the entire continent. It lay on the western shore 
of Lake Michigan, at near the southern boundary of 
that Lake, at the entrance of the Chicago river into 
it. It had its first white settlement in 1804, by Col. 
John Kinzie ; and so late as 1830 contained only 
15 houses. It was incorporated as a city, seven 
years later, in 1837 — the population at that time 
being 4,170. In 1843 this had increased to 7,580 ; 
in 1847 to 16,859; in 1850 to 28,269; in 1855 
to 80,023 ; in 1860 to 109,263 ; in 1865 to 178,539 ; 
and in 1870 to the round figures of 300,000, while 
the suburban population was supposed to raise it to 
350,000. 

The site of the city was admirably chosen, on 
ground sloping up from the Lake, and with the 



ROUTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 213 

Chicago River, dividing into two branches, running 
through the entire city, at once adding to commer- 
cial convenience and healihfulness. Numerous 
costly bridges and many tunnels made the con- 
nection across the rivers. The city was divided into 
20 wards, with nearly 800 streets. The river and 
the ship canals afforded many miles of excellent 
harbor, to which came vessels from all parts of the 
great lakes, with and for produce of every description* 
The grain warehouses were of such extent as to ac- 
commodate 8,000,000 to 10,000,000 bushels; while 
the yearly exportation had reached to about 60,000,000 
to 65,000,000 bushels. It had also a most extensive 
trade in cattle and stock, the whole yearly num- 
ber handled, reaching 2,500,000 ; besides provision, 
lumber, and transportation trade to immense 
amounts. "Within the last year or two, on the com- 
pletion of the Pacific Railway, Chicago had com- 
menced to import her teas and silks direct from In- 
dia, and was arranging a heavy trade in that direc- 
tion. There were several of the largest and finest 
rail way -depots on the Continent, to accommodate its 
immense connection as the very largest of the rail- 
way-centres. It had streets among the most ele- 
gant in the West, in Michigan, Wabash and other 
avenues : and many of the houses of residents were 
princely in their luxury. There were more than 
200 Churches; 12 or 15 of the largest and finest 
of Hotels, some of them marvels of size and cost ; an 
Opera-House and 5 Theatres of good class ; an Uni- 



214 8H0RT-TR1P GUIDE. 

versity; Medical Colleges; splendid public Parks 
and Cemeteries ; and a wilderness of scientific, 
social and benevolent institutions, second to none 
in the Western World. In addition to this, and a 
feature unequalled elsewhere — a Tunnel had been 
constructed to a Tower two miles distant in the 
Lake, whence the water-supply of the city was 
derived. 

Such, hastily sketched, was the position of Chi- 
cago on the 8th of October, 1871. On the night of 
that day, a fire broke out at near the centre of 
the city, though in an older and wooden portion. 
A fierce wind made vain all efforts for staying the 
flames, which extended on every side, and eventu- 
ally acquired such force that buildings considered 
fire-proof could not resist the heat five minutes 
when attacked. By the morning of the 10th the 
city was literally destroyed — the whole central and 
business part of it entirely so. Some 10,000 build- 
ings were burned; 500 to 1,000 persons are sup- 
posed to have lost their lives ; 50,000 to 75,000 per- 
sons were rendered houseless ; and the pecuniary 
loss was estimated to have reached $200,000,000. 
Chicago, the Queen of the West, was no more— for 
the time. 

A most gratifying spectacle of general benevo- 
lence, however, was exhibited, in connection with 
this great calamity, not only in all the cities of 
America, but in those of England and of all Europe ; 
and the extremity of suffering at once materially 



ROUTE NO. IS— WESTERN. 215 

relieved by contributions from all quarters, which 
not only smoothed the then painful present, but 
gaye opportunity and hope for the future. Rebuild- 
ing was at once commenced, with marvellous 
energy ; and so rapidly has it continued, that within 
a year from the great catastrophe, more than two- 
thirds of the marks of the visitation were obliterated, 
public and private erections of more than the 
original splendor taking the places of those des- 
troyed, and the fact being made certain that within 
two years from the fatal 8th of October not a mark 
of the calamity would be visible, except in the 
absence of the trees and shrubbery impossible to be 
replaced within a limited period. 

It may even now be said, indeed, that Chicago, 
as a city, has entirely recovered from the shock 
temporarily prostrating it ; so that, as a commercial 
and railroad centre, it supplies quite its previous 
charm to the visitor, while an exceptional interest 
is found in the virtual death and marvellous resur- 
rection of the place of such varied fortunes. 

Among the objects of greatest interest in what 
the proud citizens call the "New Chicago," may 
be named the large and beautiful 

Lincoln Parle, lying on the Lake Shore, north oi 
the city, with charming drives along the Lake, a 
Zoological Garden, a Lake, Fountains, fine shade, 
and all the attractions for the corso and the prome- 
nade; 

Union Park, in the West Division, older than 
Lincoln and more completely finished, with Lakes, 



216 SHORT-TBTP GUIDE. 

Fountains, a Zoological collection, pagodas, a music- 
pavilion, and great popularity as a place of promen- 
ade and for the open-air concerts given every even- 
ing during the summer. There are also, of public 
grounds, Lake Path, only partially improved, but 
with a wonderful location, running. down the Lake 
Shore, south 6 f the city, to Hyde Parle, and Hyde 
Park House, favorite driving and bathing resort, 
at the southern extremity; the South dmdiWest Side 
Parks, one day to be very extensive and beautiful ; 
Dearborn, Jefferson, and other minor parks; and 
Dexter Trotting Park, in connection with the great 
Stock Yards, at the west of the city. Principal 
Cemeteries, Graceland, Rose Hill, Calvary and Oak- 
woods, and the old Catholic, on the Lake Shore, 
near Lincoln Park, with interesting marks of the 
Great Fire. Among other leading objects of interest 
are the 

Great Stock Yards, lying at some distance west 
of the city, and among the most extensive and com- 
modious in the world, with Hotel, Bank, Telegraph- 
offices, and all other facilities (Dexter Park in con- 
nection) ; the 

Water Works, with their extensive and ingenious 
Lake connection, unparalleled on the continent; 
the many Bridges, and the costly Tunnels for their 
avoidance; the Chicago River, its port, and Lake 
shipping; the great 

Grain Warehouses and Elevators, capable of con- 
taining and handling more grain than those of any 
other city on the globe ; the very large and fine 



ROUTE NO. IS— WESTERN. 216# 

Railivay Depots, of the many and extensive roads 
finding their centres or termini here ; the Mc- 
Cormick Eeaper Factory, largest in the world (Blue 
Island and Western avenues) ; Bridge Building- 
Works of the American Company (Egan avenue) ; 
Union and other Foundries, Wagon Factories, &c. ; 
and many magnificent 

Mercantile Buildings, Banking Houses, &c, in 
which detail the rebuilt city far excels even its 
ambitious predecessor, and rivals all others. The 
most notable among the new structures is the 

Chamber of Commerce, corner of Washington and 
La Salle streets, considered one of the noblest and 
most complete buildings of its class in the world, 
and opened with great eclat in the fall of 1872. 

Of the Churches of Chicago, the most interesting 
were destroyed in the great conflagration, and very 
little has as yet been done in the way of rebuilding 
them, so that, though many respectable structures 
remain, they scarcely command attention as a 
feature. 

Of Streets, the most typical and best worthy of 
observation, will be found Michigan and Waifash. 
avenues, State, Dearborn, Clark, La Salle, and Wells 
streets, running parallel with the Lake Shore ; and 
Jackson, Adams, Monroe, Madison, Washington, 
Randolph and Lake streets, crossing them at right 
angles, and extending across the city from the Lake. 

Prominent Hotels (most of them built since the 
fire and finished with lavish cost and great complete- 
ness) : the Grand Pacific, Gardner, Potter Palmer, 



2166 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Briggs, Tremont. &e. Theatres : Mc "Picker's, 
Aiken's, Hooley's, with a Grand Opera House soon 
to be erected. 

[Among the widely-extended railway connections 
of Chicago, are the following of most importance : 
Northward to Milwauhie, thence to Green Bay, and 
beyond, to the Lake Superior sections, by the Chi- 
cago and Northwestern road and its connections ; 
northwestward to Janesville, Madison (capital of 
Wisconsin), thence to Prairie du Chien, and to St. 
Paul and the Falls of St. Anthony, by the same road 
and its connections : westward to Cedar Rapids and 
Des Moines (Iowa), by the Iowa division of the same 
road ; southwestward to Burlington (Iowa), and 
the Mississippi River, by the Chicago, Burlington 
and Quincy road : southward to St. Louis, by the 
Chicago and Alton road ; southward to Cairo (junc- 
tion of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers), and to St. 
Louis, by the Illinois Central road; westward to 
Omaha, and thence to Salt Lake City and San 
Fkancisco, by the Chicago and Northwestern, 
Chicago and Rock Island, and Chicago, Burlington 
and Quincy routes ; southeastward to Cincinnati, 
by the Columbus, Chicago and Indiana Central 
road ; eastward to Philadelphia and New Yokk 
by the Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago road,— 
as also by Toledo, Cleveland and the Lake Shore 
road— as also (with all Canadian cities and connec- 
tions) by Detroit and the Grand Trunk Railway of 
Canada. Also, steamers on the Lakes, to all impor- 
tant points, in the season.] 



ROUTE NO. 14-WESTERN. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE (MAMMOTH CAVE), 
NASHVILLE, CAIRO, ST. LOUIS AND CHICAGO. 

Division A. 

CINCINNATI TO LOUISVILLE, NASHVILLE AND ST. 

LOUIS. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Louisville, Cincinnati 
and Lexington road (from Covington — opposite side 
of the river) ; by Walton, Sparta, Lexington Junc- 
tion [connection southward for Lexington and Ash- 
land, old home of Henry Clay, near it ; and, by 
stage from Eminence, for Shelby ville] ; by Lagrange, 
and Anchorage [connection with Shelby road], to 
Louisville. (Or, steamer down the Ohio from Cincin- 
nati, in the pleasant season). 

Louisville, located on the Ohio river, at the 
Falls and near the entrance of Bear- Grass Creek, is 
the largest and most important city of Kentucky. 
It is well located and shaded ; and the views of the 
Falls, from various points of the city, are much ad- 
mired. The most important trade of the city is in 
tobacco, of which it is one of the central marts : 
also extensively in flour, provisions, hemp, etc. The 
most interesting public buildings are tne City Hall, 



218 8H0RT-TRIP 0U1DM. 

Court House, Custom House (with Post-office), Uni- 
versity Medical College, Masonic Temple, Blind 
Asylum, the Cathedral, St. Paul's Church, etc. 
Principal theatre : the Louisville. Leading Hotels : 
the Louisville, and National. Principal Cemetery : 
Cave Hill, with many monuments of merit. At the 
opposite side of the river is Jefeersohville, In- 
diana [railway connection to Indianapolis]. 

[It is from Louisville that detour may be most 
conveniently made to visit the 

Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, one of the most 
extensive subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered among the most interesting. Or, it may 
be taken on the way from Louisville to Nashville, as 
at present to be considered]. 

Leave Louisville by the Louisville and Nashville 
road, to Cave City, whence stage or carriage, 9 miles 
to the Cave (or, steamer from Louisville, on the 
Green Eiver, to within 1 mile of the Cave — thence 
on foot). A Hotel, the Cave House, affords facilities 
for stoppage, during the exploration, which may be 
brief, but must, for any approach to thoroughness, 
require days of interest and toil, always accompanied 
by a guide, and with lights and means of relighting, 
without either of which it is not safe to enter. For 
particulars of the chambers, passages, and various 
parts of interest in this wonderful cave, which is 
believed to extend eight or nine miles back from the 
entrance, dependance may be made entirely upon 
the capable and instructed guides, procurable at the 



ROUTE NO. U.— WE6TERN. 219 

hotel or the entrance. Three other Oaves — the In- 
dian, Wliite's, and Diamond, may be found in the 
vicinity : the two former with peculiarly handsome 
stalactite and stalagmite formations, miniatures of 
those in the great cave. 

From Cave City (after return from the Cave) con- 
tinue route by Louisville and Nashville road ; by 
Bowling Green; Memphis Junction [connection 
southwest for Memphis and the Mississippi river] • 
by Junction [connection northwest by Henderson 
road to Henderson, and Evansville (Ind.) ; to 

Nashville, Capital of the State of Tennessee, 
and one of the most important cities of the middle 
southwest. It lies on the Cumberland river, on ele- 
vated ground, much of the city lying nearly or quite 
100 feet above the water level, and being considered 
very healthy. The most prominent building, the 
State Capitol, is considered one of the finest in the 
Union, having admirable legislative halls, splendid 
material of native marbles, a tower, State Library, 
etc. Other buildings of prominence are the Univer- 
sity, the City Hall, Lunatic Asylum, Penitentiary, 
etc. Theatres: the Nashville, and Duffield's. 
Prominent Hotels : the St. Cloud, and Stacey. 
Nashville Las many handsome residences ; and the 
tone of its society is considered equal if not superior 
to that of any other city of the South. Very near it 
may be visited the Hermitage, old seat of Andrew 
Jackson. [Extensive railway connections; east to 
Knoxville ; southeast to Stevenson; southward, by 



220 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Nashville and Decatur and connecting roads, to 
Montgomery (Ala.), and thence to the Gulf Cities ; 
northward, by Evansville road, to Vincennes and 
Terre Haute; south westward to Memphis, by Nash- 
ville and North Western road, and connections; 
northwestward to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Nashville, by North Western road, by Wav- 
erley ; Johnsonville; McKenzie [connection south- 
westward, by Memphis and Louisville road, for 
Memphis, and for Little Rock (Arkansas)] ; by Pa- 
ducah Junction [connection north to Paducah ] ; to 

Union City, where connection is made with the 
Mobile and Ohio road. By that road to 

Columbus, on the Mississippi River; with Bel- 
mont, Missouri, opposite, connecting the route just 
traversed with the St. Louis and Iron Mountain road 
to St. Louis. 

From Columbus the Mississippi may be ascended, 
by boat, to 

Cairo, modern town, very low-lying, on the point 
formed by the confluence of the Ohio and the Missis- 
sippi, with costly levee against inundations by the 
river, and much prominence as a steamboat port of 
the Mississippi, vessels from and to alJ ports stop- 
ping here to land and receive passengers and freight. 
Has some noble buildings ; among the best, the 
Custom House. [Railway connection, from Cairo, or 
from Mound City, immediately above, with the Illi- 
nois Central Road, direct for Chicago. Or, steam- 
boat may be taken for St. Louis or any other point 



ROUTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 221 

on the Mississippi. Or, steamboat may be taken for 
Louisville or Cincinnati]. 

For St. Louis, from Bird's Point (opposite Cairo) 
to Cliarleston ; where the St. Louis and Iron Moun- 
tain road is taken. By Glen Allen, Marquand* and 
other stations, to Bismarck (where pause should be 
made, if time allows, to visit, by a spur of the same 
road, Iron Mountain, Pilot Knob and Ironton, with 
some of the most extraordinary developments of 
richness in iron mines, on the continent). Bis- 
marck, by Mineral Point [spur to Potosi] and other 
stations, to St. Louis. 

Division B. 

AT ST. LOUIS; AND BY TWO ROUTES TO CHICAGO. 

St. Louis. Missouri, is oue of the largest and most 
important cities of the West, focus of mercantile 
supply for a wide extent of country, virtual Queen 
of the Mississippi, and often spoken of as the point 
for removal of the National Capital. It lies on the 
west bank of the Mississippi river, at what is sup- 
posed to be about half-way between St. Paul, at the 
head of navigation on the Mississippi, and New 
Orleans, at the mouth of that noble river. It occupies 
elevated ground, though uneven ; has a very long ex- 
tent on the river, and an imposing appearance from 
it. It has wide streets, with good shade ; handsome 
parks; substantial residences; and one feature com- 
manding unmixed admiration, in the Levee at which 



222 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the most immense number of steamboats can 
at any time be seen lying, loading, discharging, 
arriving and departing, observable at any one spot 
on the globe. Front Street, along the Levee, is one 
of the finest of mercantile and warehouse streets in 
the Union ; while Washington and Grand Avenues, 
and Fourth Street, are among the most fashionable 
thoroughfares. 

St Louis is singularly rich in Parks ; the most 
notable being Lafayette, Hyde, Laclede and Gravois 
Parks, in the outskirts ; Washington and Missouri, 
and smaller squares; with Tower Grove only par- 
tially completed, to contain more than 3,000 acres 
and rival the Fairmount at Philadelphia. The Fair 
Grounds are also very beautiful and perfect, as well 
as popular, with an Amphitheatre for spectators, esti- 
mated to accommodate 80,000 to 90,000 persons ; and 
Shaw's Gardens (botanical) are the very finest on 
the continent. The Principal Cemeteries are the 
Bellefontaine and the Calvary. 

Among the Buildings best deserving attention, 
are the Custom House, Third street ; the Court 
House, Fourth street; Temple of Justice, Clark 
avenue; Arsenal; Merchants 9 Exchange, Main 
street ; Masonic Hall, Market street ; and some of 
the innumerable Hospitals, Asylums, Educational 
Institutions, and Eoman Catholic Convents. Among 
Churches, the Catholic Cathedral, Walnut street, 
takes the lead; followed by St. George's, (Epis.) 
Locust street; First Presbyterian, Fourteenth 



ROUTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 223 

street; Church of the Messiah, (Unitarian j Oliver 
street, etc. Theatres : Be Bar's Opera House, Olym- 
pic and Varieties. Prominent Hotels: the Plan- 
ters', Southern, Laclede, Everett, etc. 

Two other Objects of Interest at St. Louis demand 
special notice : the Steel Bridge, now building and 
soon to be completed across the Mississippi, from 
"Washington Avenue to the Illinois shore, for rail- 
road and general use, and undoubtedly destined to 
be one of the world's master-works in bridge-erection ; 
and the City Water Works, not long completed, 
with tower, and elaborate machinery for straining 
and purifying the river-water, believed to be among 
the best in use. 

[The transit connections of St. Louis, by railway 
and steamboat, are among the most extensive on the 
continent. By rail, east to Indianapolis by the St. 
Louis and Terre Haute road, and to Cincinnati and 
eastward by the Ohio and Mississippi road; south- 
eastward to Tennessee Cities by the route just trav- 
ersed ; south to New Orleans and the gulf by the 
Mobile and Ohio road: west to Jefferson City, 
to TopeTca, and other towns of Kansas, by the Pacific 
and Missouri road; northwestward to St. Joseph, 
Omaha and the Pacific Eailroad for Salt Lake City 
and San Francisco, by the same and St. Joseph 
roads ; north to Cliicago and the Lakes and Canada, 
by the Illinois Central and Alton roads. In addi- 
tion, steamboat communication to all navigable points 
on the Mississippi, the Missouri and Ohio rivers.] 



224 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Leave St. Louis by Chicago, Alton and St. Louis 
road; by Alton, loftily located at just above the 
junction of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, 
with grand and notable scenery at that point, and 
much general charm in situation [connection east- 
ward to Indianapolis by the Indianapolis and St. 
Louis road] ; to 

Springfield, capital of the State of Illinois, 
& thriving and handsome town standing on the 
margin of a wide and fine prairie. It has a very 
handsome Capitol, State Arsenal, Court House, Cus- 
tom House, etc. ; extensive Water Works on the San- 
gamon River ; and will always enjoy an additional 
celebrity as the residence and burial place of Abra- 
ham Lincoln, a noble Monument to whom marks his 
tomb in Ridge Cemetery. Hotel : the Leland House. 
[Connection westward to Quincy, and eastward to 
Logansport and Fort Wayne, by the Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road.] 

Springfield to Bloomington, capital of McLean 
county, and a large town of much commerce and 
many manufactures, besides having the great engine- 
shops of the Chicago and Alton Company. [Con- 
nection south westward to Jacksonville; west to 
Pekin ; southeast to Champaign and the Illinois 
Central road.] To Clienoa [connection west to 
Peoria ; east to Warsaw and Logansport]. By other 
stations to Joliet, large and thriving town on the 
Des Moines river, with State Penitentiary of noble 
construction, immense fine building-stone quarries 



ROUTE NO. 14— WESTERN. 225 

near, valuable water-power, and extensive trade and 
manufactures. [Connection west to Roch Island, 
by the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific road.] 
Joliet to Chicago. 



Or, leave St. Louis by the Illinois Central road 
(St. Louis and Chicago Through Line), to East St. 
Louis; thence to Greenville, V and alia (see Divi- 
sion F., Route 12, pp. 205 A and B) ; Effingham, 
Mattoon, Tolono, OJiampaign, Gilman, Calumet, etc., 
across one of the richest ranges of the great prairie 
lands of Illinois, to 

Chicago. 

(For notes on Chicago, see Route No. 13, Division 
0.) 



ROUTE NO. 15 -NORTHERN AND WESTERN. 
(SEMI-SKELETON.) 

BUFFALO TO CLEVELAND AND CHICAGO, BY LAKE 
SHORE EOAD. 

Leave Buffalo by Lake Shore road ; to Dunkirk, 
on Lake Erie, terminus of lower branch of the Erie 
road [connection eastward to Salamanca, for the 
Oil Regions.] Dunkirk to 

Erie, (Pa.), on the shore of Lake Erie, with fine 
harbor (a TJ. S. Naval Station) ; Court House and 
other good buildings; extensive iron rolling-mills, 
and the connection of the Erie Extension Canal 
with the Ohio River and Beaver Canal. Hotel : the 
Reid House. [Connection southeast to Corry and 
the Oil Regions]. By Girard [connection south- 
ward to Pittsburg] ; and Painesville. to 

Cleveland, (Ohio) on Lake Erie, with harbor 
at mouth of Cuyahoga River, heavy lake shipping 
trade, much prosperity in business aspects ; and so 
pronounced a shaded beauty, especially in the fine 
elms lining its wide streets, that it bears the name of 
the "Forest City." It has a Medical College: a 
Marine Hospital; several handsome Churches; a 
splendid Union Railway Depot, of great size; Monu- 
mental Parle (with Monument to Commodore Perry) ; 
Woodlawn Cemetery; noble Water Works; and 
many other attractions. [Connections southeast to 



ROUTE NO. 15.— NORTHERN AND WESTERN. 227 

Pittsburg and Wlieeling ; south to Coshocton and 
Zanesville; southwest to Columbus, Cincinnati, etc.] 

From Cleveland, by Olerlin (seat of the celebrated 
" Oberliu College," which admits blacks as well as 
whites) ; by Monroeville [connection northward to 
Sandusky] ; by Clyde [connection south to Cincin- 
nati] ; Fremont, etc., to 

Toledo, on the Maumee River, near Lake Erie, 
with considerable lake trade (principally in grain), 
much domestic commerce, many handsome build- 
ings, rapid progress, great educational facilities, and 
an almost matchless location as a railway centre. 
Hotels: Oliver House, Island House, American, 
and St. Charles. [Conections : southeast to Clyde 
and (opening) to Wheeling ; South to Lima, Dayton 
and Cincinnati ; southwest to Logansport, Spring- 
field (111), the Mississippi river, and St. Louis; 
northward to Detroit and the Canadian lines ; etc.] 

From Toledo, by the Michigan Southern and 
Northern Indiana road; by Adeien (Michigan), 
with water-power ; some manufactures ; repair-shops 
of the railroad- division; a handsome Soldiers' Mon- 
ument, and many attractions as a residence. Hotel : 
the Lawrence House. By Hillsdale; Jonesville 
[connection south to Fort Wayne] ; Sturgis [con- 
nection north to Grand Haven and south to Fort 
Wayne] ; Wliite Pigeon [connection north to Kala- 
mazoo]-, Elkhart [junction with Air-Line of same 
road, to Toledo] ; South Bend and Laporte ; to 

Chicago. (For notes on Chicago, and connec- 
tions, see previous route, No. 13.) 



ROUTE NO. 16 -NORTHERN (SEMI-SKELETON). 

NEW YORK OR PHILADELPHIA TO THE LACKA- 

WANNA COAL REGIONS, AND THE OIL CREEK 

OIL REGIONS. 

New York, by the New Jersey Central road to 
Hampton Junction (see Route No. 13) ; to 

Manunkachunk (New Jersey). 

Or by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western 
road — Morris and Essex Division from New York: 
from foot Barclay Street to Hoboken; thence by 
rail, by Orange [connection to Newark] ; by Madi- 
son, location of Drew Theological Seminary; by 
Morristown, thriving town of New Jersey, and 
capital of Morris County, on the Whippany Creek, 
with handsome residences, a " Washington's Head 
Quarters" and other Revolutionary remains; by 
Boonton, Rockaway and Dover, all towns in the iron- 
region, with extensive iron mills and foundries; by 
Cliester, Drakesville, Stanhope [connection by stage 
or boat to Lake Hopatcong and to Budd's Lake] ; 
by Waterloo [connection north to Newton, by Sussex 
road] ; by Hackettstown, handsome town of Warren 
County, with flouring mills and a Methodist Epis- 
copal Seminary of eminence [connection by stage to 
Schooletfs Mountain (see Excursions from New 
York) ] ; to Washington. At Washington connect 



ROUTE NO. 16.— NORTHERN. 229 

with the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western road, 
and by that road to Manunkachunk. 

Or, from Philadelphia, by the Northern Pennsyl- 
vania road, or the Belvidere Delaware road, to 
Easton j thence to ManunkacliunTc. 

Manunkachunk to the Delaware Water-Gap (see 
Excursions from New York). Water-Gap to 
Stroudsburg, (Pa.), and by several minor stations 
to 

Scrantok (Pa.), important heavy-manufacturing 
town, and great centre of the coal operations of the 
Lackawanna district. In brief excursions fiom 
Scranton, locally directed, may be observed all the 
details of mining and transportation, of the immense 
coal trade and the iron trade accompanying. [Con- 
nections southwest to Pittston and Wilhesbarre ; 
north to Great Bend and the Erie road ; east to 
Carbondale, Honesdale, etc]. Scranton to 

Pittston, another important coal centre. Pitts- 
ton, by Rupert [connection southward with the 
wildly-grand Catawissa road, for Reading, etc.] ; by 
Milton and other stations, to 

Williamsport, capital of Lycoming County, on 
the Susquehanna river, with much industry and 
miscellaneous business, and the most extensive 
lumber trade of any town in America. Among the 
curiosities of the place, is the Great Timber Boom 
in the Susquehanna, capable of holding millions of 
logs at a time ; the many saw-mills and other lum- 
ber works. There are also extensive Black Marble 



230 8HORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Quarries in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Her die. 
City, and American* 

From Williamsport by the Philadelphia and Erie 
road; by 

Lock Have^, another great lumber centre, also 
with immense Timber-Boom, saw-mills, etc., and 
fine scenery in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Ful- 
ton, Irving, and Montour. Lock Haven, by Renovo, 
Emporium, Wilcox and other stations ; to 

Irvineton, whence should be taken the Oil Creek 
and Alleghany road, to Tidioute, Oleopolis, Pithole, 
Oil City, Titusville, or any of those great oil centres, 
from which short excursions, locally directed, can 
be made with most profit and satisfaction. Thence 
to Corey, for Salamanca and the Erie road, going 
east ; or for Erie and the Lake Shore road, for the 
north or West. 



ROUTE NO. 1 1 -CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 

NIAGARA FALLS, BY HAMILTON AND LONDON Tu 

DETROIT AND CHICAGO, BY GREAT WESTERN 

AND MICHIGAN RAILWAYS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by rail 
on the Great Western road of Canada ; by TJwrold 
(crossing of the Welland Canal around the Falls 
of Niagara), to 

St. Catharine's, pleasant small town, favorite as 
a residence, and with Mineral Springs of much cele- 
brity. Thence by Grimsby, lying near the shore of 
Lake Ontario, to 

Hamilton, on Burlington Bay, at the extreme 
western end of the Lake, with very handsome coast- 
scenery in the neighborhood ; a magnificent harbor, 
with heavy lake trade and fine fishing ; and the 
town itself very prettily laid out, with elegant resi- 
dences and other buildings, well shaded and attrac- 
tive. Very fine views are to be obtained from the 
Mountain, where also stands Dundrum Castle, 
erected by Sir Allan McNab, when Governor-Gen- 
eral ; and there are many favorite resorts in the 
neighborhood, among others the Beach, Oaklands, 
Flamborough Heights, etc. Prominent Hotels : the 
Anglo-American and City. [Connection eastward 
(Hamilton Junction) with the Grand Trunk Rail- 



232 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

way for Toronto and all the Eastern Canadian cities ; 
also, by boat on the Lake, for Toronto and the same]. 
Hamilton to Dundas, with many manufactures and 
much fine scenery at and near the Desjardines 
Canal, here commencing; to Harrisburg [connec- 
tion northward to Berlin, Guelph, and the Grand 
Trunk roadj ; to 

Pakis, a thriving town, with important water- 
power and manufactures, at the junction of the 
Grand and Nith rivers, with mineral springs and a 
petrifying spring in the neighborhood [connection 
northwestward to Goderich and Lake Huron, and 
southeastward to Dunville and Buffalo, by Gode- 
rich and Grand Trunk road], Paris to 

London, considered the metropolis of South 
Western Canada — with handsome location, streets 
well laid out and shaded, costly buildings, and all 
the attractions for residence. [Connection north- 
ward to St. Mary's and the Grand Trunk road; 
southward to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie, with boat 
connection to Buffalo]. London, by Komolca 
[connection westward to Petrolia (oil-centre), and 
Port Sarnia, at the entrance of the St. Clair river 
into Lake Huron] ; and by Glencoe ; to 

Bothwell, principal town of the Canadian oil- 
regions, in the neighborhood of which those who 
have not visited the Pennsylvania oil-sections, may 
derive a very good idea of the petroleum wells and 
processes. 

Both well to Chatham, with the distinction of very 



ROUTE NO. 11.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 233 

large percentage of negro population. [Connection 
with Detroit, by steamers down the Thames river 
and across Lake St. Clair to Detroit river]. Chatham 
by unimportant stations to 

Windsor, very old town on the eastern side of the 
Detroit river, with many French peculiarities and 
bat moderate prosperity. From Windsor, ferry, car- 
rying over cars on boats, to 

Detroit, Michigan, lying on the west bank of 
the Detroit river, strait connecting Lake St. Clair 
with Lake Erie. This is the largest city of the State ; 
one of the oldest in any of the Western States, and 
one of the most wealthy and influential of all. The 
city front extends along the river at great length, 
with most of the location elevated, and the streets 
well shaded and broken up into many small parks 
and public grounds. The most important of the lat- 
ter is the Grand Circus, park and promenade, from 
which radiate many of the finest avenues; among 
others, Woodward, Jefferson, etc. There is also a 
large Plaza, called the Campus Martius, around 
which are grouped many of the finest buildings in 
the city. Without the town, the favorite public re- 
sorts are Fort Wayne, on the river, three miles from 
the city; Belle He, Orosse Pointe and Grosse He, 
more distant. The principal Cemeteries are Elm- 
wood and Woodlawn. 

Among the prominent buildings in the city, are 
the Michigan Central Freight Depot, of immense 
size and costly construction, with the great Loco- 



234 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

motive Round House and Grain Elevator, near it ; 
the Custom House (with Post Office) ; the Opera 
House; the Board of Trade Building, etc. The 
most notable churches are St. PauVs (Epis.), with 
the peculiarity of a roof without columns ; Christ, 
St. John's and Grace (all Epis.) ; Fort Street Pres- 
byterian; Central (Meth.-Epis.) ; St. Peter and St, 
Paul (Oath.) ; St, Anne's (Cath.), with very fine 
choir; etc. Detroit has also elaborate Water-works; 
large manufacturing and lake-shipping interests, 
in grain and provisions, etc. Theatre: the Opera 
House. Prominent Hotels: The Russell, Riddle, 
and Michigan. Exchange. 

From Detroit may be visited, north, Lake St. 
Clair, with many attractive features in scenery ; and 
southward, the Put-in~Bay Islands, below the mouth 
of the Detroit river, in Lake Erie, near which occur- 
red Commodore Perry's victory in 1813 ; now famous 
as bathing and fishing resort, etc. [Boat from De- 
troit to Kelly's Island, largest of the group, every day 
during warm season.] 

[Eailway connection from Detroit : north to Port 
Huron, foot of Lake Huron: northwest to Saginaw, 
Wenona, etc. ; west to Kalamazoo, etc. ; east by route 
just traversed, and by Toledo and Lake Shore road ; 
west to Chicago, etc., as see route to be pursued. In 
addition, it has steamboat communication on Lake 
Erie to Buffalo and other ports ; and to all ports 
on Lake Huron and Michigan.] 

Leave Detroit by Michigan Central road, by Yp 



ROUTE NO. 17.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 235 

silanti, pleasant small town of Michigan, seat of the 
State Normal School ; thence (along the Huron 
Kiver), to 

Ann Arbor, handsome large town, on elevated 
plateau, with fine shade and many handsome build- 
ings; and seat of the University of Michigan, an 
institution of wide influence, with varied courses, a 
fine Observatory, etc. Hotel: the Gregory House. 
By Dexter and Chelsea to 

Jackson, large and thriving town, with many 
manufactures, an important coal-trade from mines 
in the immediate neighborhood, and seat of the 
Michigan State Prison. [Connections, northward 
to Lansing (capital of the State); southward to 
Adrian and Toledo, etc.] From Lansing, by Parma, 
on the Kalamazoo river; by Albion (seat of Albion 
College, of the Meth. Epis. Church); by Marshall 
(large paper manufactories, and railway repair- 
shops) ; to Battle Creek, manufacturing town, 
especially with extensive flour-mills [connections 
north to Lansing, and south to South Bend, etc.] ; 
to 

Kalamazoo, largest town in the State, after De- 
troit. It is a thriving manufacturing and commer- 
cial town, with much shaded leauty and many 
handsome residences ; and the seat of a Baptist 
College and the State Insane Asylum. Hotels : the 
Kalamazoo and Bur dick. [Connections : northwest 
to Grand Haven and Lake Michigan : also to Grand 
Rapids ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, etc.] From 



236 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Kalamazoo, by Lawton (with extensive iron works) ; 
Wiles, small town of commercial and industrial im- 
portance on the St. Joseph Riyer ; New Buffalo and 
Michigan City (both modern towns, on the immedi- 
ate shore of Lake Michigan) ; to 
Chicago. 



ROUTE NO. 18 -NORTH-WESTERN (SEMI-SKELE- 
TON.) 

CHICAGO TO ST. PAUL (MINN.) AND FALLS OF ST. 

ANTHONY; WITH OPTIONAL BETUBN DOWN 

THE MISSISSIPPI OE BY LAKE SUPEBIOB. 

Leave Chicago by the Milwaukie Pivision of the 
Chicago and Northwestern road ; by Waukegan ; 
Kenosha [connection west to Genoa, Rockford } 
etc.] ; Eacine [connection west to Elkliom and 
Freeport ; to Milwaukie. (Or, by daily steamer 
on the Lake, direct from Chicago to Milwaukie.) 

Milwaukie, commercial capital of the State of 
Wisconsin, one of the largest cities of the northwest, 
considered very handsome and attractive as a resi- 
dence, and so healthful in reputation, as to have 
originated the jest that "people are obliged to go 
away from Milwaukie. when they wish to die ! '* Ho- 
tels: the Plankinton, Walker, and Newhall. [Connec- 
tions, northwest to Horicon, Portage City, etc.; 
southwest to Milton, Janesville, etc.] 

Leave Milwaukie by the Milwaukie and St Paul 
road ; by Watertown [connection north to Horicon ; 
northwest to Portage City, etc. ] ; to 

Madison, capital of the State, and a very thriving 
and handsome town, with the Capitol, University of 
Wisconsin, many other local attractions, and the 



238 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notably-beautiful Four Lakes in the immediate 
neighborhood. [Connections southeast to Chicago, 
by the Chicago and North-western road j and to 
Plymouth, Beloit, etc., by the Madison division of 
the same road]. Madison, by many minor stations, 
to 

Prairie du Chien, important town on the Mis- 
sissippi river, with a considerable river- trade, many 
steamboats making stoppage, and prairies in the 
neighborhood, as the name indicates. . By ferry 
to 

McGregor, small town on the opposite side of the 
river ; where the route by rail is continued. By 
Oolmar [connection westward to Charles City and 
the Missouri river] ; to Austin [connection south- 
ward by the Burlington and Cedar Kapids road, to 
Cedar Rapids, Burlington, and the Mississippi] ; to 
Ramsey [connection west with Southern Minnesota 
road] ; to Owatona [connection west for Mankalo, 
St. Peter, etc.] ; by St. Paul and Mendota Junctions 
[connection southwest to Mankato,] etc. ; by Minne- 
haha and Minneapolis ; to 

St. Paul, capital of Minnesota, and the largest 
town in the State ; on the Mississippi river, at the 
virtual head of navigation ; with State Capitol ; State 
Reform School ; St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic) ; a 
Bridge of great length, over the Mississippi ; Carver's 
Cave and Fountain Cave in the immediate vicinity, 
etc. Theatre: the Opera House. Leading Hotel: 
the Merchants 7 . [Connections: north to Duluth, 



BO UTE NO. 18.— NORTH- WESTERN. 239 

on Lake Superior; northwest to St. Cloud ; west to 
Breckenridge; southwest to St. Peter and Mankato; 
southeast to Milwauhie and Chicago, by route just 
traversed; also southeast to Red Wing, and Lake 
Pepin. Also by steamer to all Mississippi ports, 
St. Louis and New Okleans.] It is from St. Paul 
that visit will be paid (short ride by carriage, by 
Fort Smiling) to the 

Falls of Minnehaha, very beautiful small fall of the 
Minnesota river, made famous by Longfellow in the 
poem of the same name, with the Indian derivation, 
"Laughing Water." Also will be visited, by rail 
from St. Paul, the 

Falls of St. Anthony, and town of the same name, 
St. Aothoky, a few miles above. The town is a 
thriving one, at the actual head of navigation of the 
Mississippi, with State University, and connection 
by bridge with Minneapolis. The Falls, though 
with very mean surroundings, are grand, especially 
in the feature of Rapids, and show to best advan- 
tage by moonlight. 

From St. Paul descent of the Mississippi may be 
made, by steamboat, by Red Wing (Minn.) ; La 
Crosse (Wis.) ; Prairie du Chien (Wis.) ; Dubuque 
(Iowa) ; Galena (111.), centre of the lead trade ; Dav- 
enport (Iowa) ; Rock Island (111.) ; Burlington 
(Iowa) ; Nauvoo (111.), original seat of the Mor- 
mons ; Keokuk (Iowa) ; Hannibal (Mo.) ; Alton 
(111.), and many other interesting river ports, with 
stoppages, to St. Louis for the South or return east- 
ward. 



240 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Or, northern route may be taken, leaving St. 
Paul by the Lake Superior and Mississippi road, 
to 

Dcxuth, new out important town at the extreme 
southwest point of Lake Superior, with good harbor, 
neavy lake trade and rapidly increasing prosperity, 
Hotel : the Clark House. At Duluth, steamer to be 
taken (depending on local direction for the most 
reliable particulars) on Lake Superior, to the Onto- 
nagon Copper Region, on the south shore of that 
Lake ; thence to the Marquette Iron Region, on 
the same shore ; thence to the Pictured Rocks, also 
on the same shore. Thence route may be continued, 
through the Sault St. Marie (Strait) into Lake 
Huron, and to Bay City for rail to Detroit ; or to 
Detroit by boat direct ; or to Goderich, for return 
by rail through Canada ; or through the St. Clair 
River and Lake, aud the Detroit river, to Lake Erie, 
for Toledo, Cleveland, Erie, or Buepalo, on that 
Lake. 



ROUTE NO. 19.-0 AN AW AN. 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO, OTTAWA, MONTREAL, 
QUEBEC, AND THE SAGUENAY RIYER ; BY 
GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY, AND BOAT- 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO AND OTTAWA. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge) by Great 
"Western Eailway, by Tliorold, to St. Catharine's (see 
Eoute No. 17) ; and to 

Hamilton (also see Route No 17.) 

From Hamilton, continuing by Toronto branch of 
Great Western Railway, at near the upper coast of 
Lake Ontario, by OaTcville and other stations, to 

Toronto, most populous city of the Western prov- 
ince (Ontario), and one of the handsomest in Am- 
erica, though excelled in size by many. It lies on 
the Northern shore of Lake Ontario; is well laid out 
and finely shaded ; and has one thoroughfare, Yonge 
Street, actually extending northward as an unbroken 
drive, the whole distance to the foot of Lake Simcoe, 
some 35 miles. Among the prominent buildings is 
the University of Toronto, a noble structure with 
lofty tower, and fine park surrounding. Scarcely 
second is Osgoode Hall, the law-court building, with 



242 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

the distinction of not only being one of the most 
tasteful in the world for legal purposes, outside, but 
one of the most completely and tastefully arranged, 
within. There are also the Exchange, Provincial 
Lunatic Asylum, Trinity College, Normal School, 
etc., all worthy of visit. Of the many Churches, 
three have especial prominence: the Cathedral of St. 
James (Epis.) ; that of St. Michael (Catholic); and the 
(new) Wesleyan Church. Prominent Hotels: the 
Rossin House, and the Queen's. Those who have 
abundant leisure, should make the drive before 
spoken of, to Lake Simcoe, with wild beauty; those 
with less time will find drives through some of the 
main avenues, and along the shore of the Lake, 
amply repaying them. 

[Connections by rail, north to Lake Simcoe ; west 
to Guelph, Berlin, and other towns on the Grand 
Trunk road. Also, by boat with Niagara Falls, by 
Lewiston and rail along the Niagara Kiver. Also, 
by daily boat along Lake Ontario and down the St. 
Lawrence Eiver to Montreal. Also, to ports on 
the New York side of the Lake.] 

From Toronto by the Grand Trunk Railway ; by 
Frenchman's Bay, Bowmanville and other stations, 
to 

Port Hope, pleasant little town, on the Lake, with 
hill suburbs and some lake-trade. [Connection 
northwestward to Beaver ton, on Lake Simcoe ; and 
with Lake ports, by boat.] Port Hope to 

Cobourg, important station as well as handsome 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 243 

town, with fair trade, a pleasant residence, and the 
seat of Victoria College (Wesleyan). [Connection 
northward to Peterboro and Rice and Salmon Trout 
Lakes.] Cobourg, by Colborne (not to be con- 
founded with " PortColbourn," on the Great Western 
road) ; by Trenton (on the little river Trent) ; by 
Belleville, pleasant small town on Moira river (actual 
inlet from the Lake) ; by Napanee, Collins' Bay and 
other stations ; to 

Kingston", very old town at the en trance of the 
St. Lawrence river, and once capital of Canada; 
with very heavy fortifications, in Fort Henry and 
several other works; seat of Queen's College Uni- 
versity, the Regiopolis Catliolic College, Provincial 
Penitentiary. Hotel : the British American. Cape 
Vincent, on the New York shore, lies opposite. 
[Steamer connection from Kingston up the Lake to 
Toronto, down the Lake to Montreal and other 
ports. Also, by Rideau Canal, with Ottawa. From 
Cape Vincent, by rail to Watertown, and thence to 
Rome and other points on the New York Central 
road.] 

From Kingston, by Gananoque and Mallory 
Town, to Bbockville, a town of pleasant location 
and some commercial importance, on the St. Law- 
rence river [connection northward to Carleton Place 
Arnprior, etc.; and from Carleton Place, by Canada 
Central road, to Ottawa]. Brockvilie to 

Prescott (Junction), small town, principally of 
transit importance, also on the St. Lawrence. fCcti- 



2U SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

nections, north to Ottawa, as see route to be pur- 
sued ; east direct to Montreal, continuing by Grand 
Trunk road ; across the river to Ogdensburg, on the 
"New York side, whence connection south to the 
"New York Central road and towns on that line, by 
the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg road, for 
southward ; or eastward by Ogdensburg and Cham- 
plain road to Rouse's Point, Lake Champlain and 
St. Albans for all Eastern States]. 

From Prescott, by St. Lawrence and Ottawa road, 
through a region comparatively unbroken, but with 
many features of beauty in natural scenery, to 

Ottawa, Capital of the Dominion of Canada. It 
lies on the Ottawa river, and on the Rideau Canal 
running to Lake Ontario at Kingston. The scenery 
in the district is somewhat wild and untamed, but 
very picturesque ; and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood may be witnessed some of the most extensive 
operations in the rafting and sawing of lumber and 
timber, on the whole range of the continent. The 
Chaudiere Great Falls (of the Ottawa) lie within 
the city proper, at the west, are some 200 feet in 
width by 40 in depth, and have many features of 
grandeur; while the Little Falls, handsomer though 
smaller, lie at the east. The Rideau Falls, at the 
northeast, and the Remoux and De Cheyne Rapids, 
some miles above, are all worthy of visit and 
notice. 

The feature of Ottawa is of course to be found in 
the Parliament Houses and government buildings 



ROUTE NO. IS. —CANADIAN. 245 

connected. They are of native stone, lately 
erected, at great cost, and truly magnificent in 
size, design and arrangement — promising, when 
fully completed, with their grounds, to be worthy 
of the Dominion and command great admiration. 
The respective Chambers of the Senate and House 
of Commons are of the same size as those at West- 
minster Palace, and quite as handsomely finished; 
and there is an immense Library, not yet finished, 
to be capable of accommodating half a million vol- 
umes. They stand at the height of an elevation 
known as " Barrack Hill," forming the apex of the 
higher ground on which the Upper Town is built, 
being divided from the Lower Town by the Eideau 
Canal and its handsome stone bridge. The Queen's 
Printing House, near the Parliament Houses, the 
Catholic Cathedral, and other prominent buildings, 
demand attention. Leading Hotel : the Russell 
House. [Connection west to Carleion Place and the 
Brockville road ; and to Prescott, Ogdensburg, etc., 
by the route just traversed. Direct railway along 
the Ottawa river, to Montreal, in course of con- 
struction]. 

Division B. 

OTTAWA TO AKD AT MOOTREAL. 

Leave Ottawa by morning boat on the Ottawa 
river ; with fine view, soon after leaving, of the 
Rideau Falls, on the right ; and not long afterwards, 
the entrance of the Qatineau River, tributary of 



246 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Ottawa, into that river, the largest on the Conti- 
nent, after the Mississippi and the St. Lawrence, and 
very picturesque throughout, though with a beauty 
untamed. Various minor landings are made, before 
reaching 

I/OuiGitfAL ; at which point, if time allows, the 
tourist should lie over for one day, to visit the 

Caledonia Springs, nine miles distant, the heal- 
ing qualities of which have made them very cele- 
brated, with capacious hotel, and the presence, in 
summer, of a very large number of the best known 
people of fashion and condition, in the Dominion. 
Return to L' Original. 

From I/Original, whether with or without hav- 
ing visited the Springs, the course is pursued by 
boat, down the Ottawa, to 

G-re^ville (with Hawheshury opposite, with large 
saw mills) where the boat is left and a land ride of 
twelve miles taken (the Long Sault Rapids making 
navigation impossible) ; to 

Carillon, at the lower end of the rapids, where 
another boat of th. line is taken. It is worthy of 
remark that from Ottawa to this point, the middle 
of the river has been the dividing line between the 
two provinces of Ontario (west) and Quebec (east) ; 
but that here the line leaves the river, striking 
southward to the St. Lawrence, and the course is 
taken entirely in that of Quebec. 

Among the next prominent objects of interest fol- 
lowing, is the Mountain of Rigaud % looming high 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 247 

on the southern bank, above the rough and wooded 
shores. Several minor landings are made on this 
portion of the river, after leaving which it expands 
into the 

Lake of the Two Mountains, with the two moun- 
tains giving its name, rising on either side, one of 
them, Calvary, being held sacred by the Indians. 
Not long after, is reached 

St. A^ke's, rendered so celebrated by Moore, in 
the " Canadian Boat Song." At this point Mont 
Royale, the height above Montreal, comes into view. 
The boat is taken through locks, at St. Anne's, to 
avoid the rapids, coming out into the 

Lake St. Louis, in which the Ottawa for the 
first time joins the St. Lawrence. Landing from the 
boat is made at 

Lachine, where cars of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way are taken to 

Mokteeal, the largest and most prosperous city 
of the British Possessions in North America ; Me- 
tropolitan See of the English Church in Canada, 
and seat of a Catholic Bishopric. It lies on rapidly 
rising ground, on the island of the same name, with 
the St. Lawrence immediately in front, Back Eiver 
forming the sound behind it; and the mountain 
which gives it name, Mount Royal, also rising 
grandly at the back. There are few and unimpor- 
tant fortifications, (St. Helen's Island being the 
principal); but the town has usually been garri- 
soned, being considered the military key of the 



248 SH0RT-TB1P GUIDE. 

Dominion. The population of Montreal is won- 
drously mixed, there being many streets, in the higher 
and newer parts of the town, in which the English 
and Scotch elements entirely predominate, with 
many of the features of an English city; while in 
the older and lower parts of the town, many of the 
streets are still called "Rues," and the prevailing 
architecture, language and manner are all French* 
of not too refined an order. There are now fine 
quays along the river ; costly and elegant residences 
have rapidly increased in number, stretching back 
towards Mount Royal ; and the commercial impor- 
tance and prosperity of the Northern Metropolis 
have quite kept pace with its growing luxury. 
Among other evidences of its prosperity has been 
the establishment of the fine Allan line of Steamers 
to Liverpool and Glasgow, coming to Quebec and 
Montreal during the open season, and to Portland 
in the winter. 

First among the edifices of Montreal, comes the 
Catholic Cathedral of Notre Dame, standing on the 
Place d'Armes, in the centre of the old city, and so 
large that it is accredited with containing 10,000 
people without difficulty. It is Gothic in architec- 
ture, with two tall towers, commanding a magnifi- 
cent view from the top; and within, it has many 
of the features of European churches of the same 
faith. Christ Church Cathedral (Epis.) and St. 
Andrew's Church (Episcopal) rank next; and the 
Church of the Jesuits, with some fine pictures, is 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 249 

much visited and admired. Of public, commercial and 
other buildings may be especially noted the Court 
House, one of the best on the continent ; the Bank 
of Montreal, near the Cathedral ; McOill College, at 
ths foot of Mount Eoyal; Bonsecours Market, on 
the quay, with large dome and excellent internal 
arrangements ; St. Patrick's Hall, Victoria square ; 
the Albert Buildings, same place ; Dominion Block, 
McG-ill street, etc. There are three Nunneries, always 
exciting more or less attention among visitors, and 
to which admission is often granted; the Cray, 
(lately removed); the Black, Notre Dame street; 
and the Hotel Dieu. Notre Dame and Great SL 
James Streets may be named as the most fashionable 
promenades; and St. Paul Street as the leading 
commercial. The principal Cemetery is Mount Royal, 
on the mountain of that name, around which, also, 
is the most fashionable drive of the city. There is a 
handsome Nelson Monument at the Place Jacques 
Oartier. Theatre: the Montreal. Leading Hotels; 
St Lawrence Hall, the Ottawa, the Montreal, etc. 

Many excursions of interest can be made from 
Montreal, but the most indispensable one is that 
to 

The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, at 
Point St. Charles, order to inspect which can be 
obtained from the officers of the Grand Trunk Kail- 
way, near the entrance. It is one of the immense 
enterprises of later times, with no less than 23 spans 



350 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE 

of 242 feet each, a centre one of 330 feet, 
and a total length of two miles. It is tubular, on 
the plan of the great bridge over the Menai Strait, 
in Wales; was built by Robert Stephenson and A. M. 
Ross ; and opened by the Prince of Wales during his 
American visit, in August, 1860. 

Another very pleasant excursion, for those reach- 
ing Montreal by rail, is to take rail to Lachine, and 
thence return to the city by boat Down the Lachine 
Rapids, with excellent idea thus obtained of that 
feature of the St. Lawrence. 

f Connections fiom Montreal: westward to Otta- 
wa, by the route just traversed; eastward 'to Que- 
bec, by the Grand Trunk road (from St. Lambert) ; 
southward to Rouse's Point, and thence to all points 
in the Eastern and Middle United States, (from La 
Prairie). Westward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence and Lake Ontario, to Toronto and leading 
Lake ports ; eastward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence, to Quebec and the farther East. By Allan 
line of sea-steamers to Halifax, Livebpool and 
Glasgow.] 

Division C. 

MONTREAL TO AND AT QUEBEC, WITH EXCURSIONS 

Leave Montreal (from Bonaventure Station), bj> 
train on the Grand Trunk Railway; across the 
Victoria Bridge at Point St. Charles ; by St. Lam- 
bert, St. Hyacinthe, and other stations, to 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 251 

BiCHMOtfD, important railway station and point 
of intersection. [Connection, south-eastward, by 
Portland Division of the Grand Trunk road, to 
Island Pond; and thence to Gorham for the White 
Mountains and southward, or to Portland and 
connections for Boston and the east.] 

From Eichmond, by the Quebec branch of the 
Grand Trunk road ; by Arthabasca [connection 
northward, by Bulstrode, to St. Gregoire, on the 
St. Lawrence river, and Three Rivers (Canada)]; 
by Black River and other stations, to 

Point Levi [continuation of line eastward, to 
Riviere du Loup]. From Point Levi, ferry across 
the St. Lawrence, to 

Quebec, metropolis of the Province of the same 
name ; important military station, with very strong 
fortifications; and with as important historical 
interest as any city on the American continent. It 
lies on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, with ex- 
ceedingly picturesque location, being divided into 
die Upper and Lower Towns, with the very strong 
fortifications of the Upper Town crowning the whole ; 
and the Citadel of Cape Diamond, being considered 
next in strength in the world to Gibraltar and 
Ehrenbreitstein. From the city proper, the suburbs 
of St. Roch and St. John extend along the river St. 
Charles to the Plains of Abraham, on. the Heights 
of the same name, rendered ever-memorable by the 
battle fought there between the English Gen. Wolfe 
and the French General Montcalm, in 1759, with 



353 SHORT-TRIP GTJlDfi. 

the death of both the commanders, but the total de- 
feat of the French, and the final capture of Quebec 
and destruction of the French power in the prov- 
ince. The spot where Wolfe fell, near an old re- 
doubt at the highest point, is pointed out to tourists, 
who have even a more singular interest in seeing 
the skull of Montcalm, exhumed not many years 
ago, now preserved in the Ursuline Convent. The 
joint Monument to Wolfe and Montcalm is to be 
found in the Public Garden, on Des Carrieres street. 
At the foot of the Citadel is a tower, where the Am- 
erican Genera] Montgomery fell in the assault on 
Quebec, in 1775. Ascent from the Lower to the 
Upper Town is made by a very steep and winding 
street, through the Prescott Gate, by which also the 
fortifications may be reached on the St. Lawrence 
side. The Plains may be entered by the St. Louis 
Gate, nearly opposite. The View from the Citadel, 
over the city, the St. Lawrence and the opposite 
shore, is a truly magnificent one and not to be omit- 
ted by any one with an eye to the picturesque. 

Among the most notable Buildings of Quebec, 
may be named the Parliament House (rebuilt when 
the city was still expected to remain the Capital) ; 
the very large Artillery Barracks ; the immense and 
fine Roman Catholic Cathedral ; the Ursuline Con 
vent and Church, with attractive gardens ; the En 
glish Cathedral (modern and noble) ; St. Andrew 9 3 
Church j the very old church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, in the Lower Town ; as also, in the Lower 



ROUTE NO. 19.— CANADIAN. 253 

Town, the Exchange, Custom House, Marine Hos- 
pital, Post Office, and many of the most extensive 
commercial establishments. It is worthy of remark 
that Quebec, even more than Montreal, has a large 
French admixture, and that in some of the quarters 
many of the lower Parisian dwellings and habits 
may be seen duplicated. Among the principal 
streets are St. Louis j D'Auteuil (near the Espla- 
nade, with many fine residences) ; St. Louis Road 
(from the Gate of the same name ) ; St. Peter 
(Lower Town) — commercial. Principal Cemetery : 
Mt. Hermon, elevated and handsome. Leading 
Hotels : the St. Louis and Russell House. 

[Connections: south westward to Richmond and 
Montreal, by route just traversed ; southward by 
the same route, by Richmond, to Island Pond, 
Portland, the White Mountains, etc. ; eastward to 
the Riviere du Loup. Also, by boat on the St. 
Lawrence, to Montreal, etc.] 

Of short Excursions from Quebec, the most im- 
portant are those to the Falls of Montmorenci, 
noble broken cascade, with fine surrounding scenery, 
reached in drive from the city, through Beauport 
(seat of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum) ; to Lorette, 
a famous Indian Village, very popular for tourists, 
and with a world of Indian goods for sale ; to Cape 
Rouge (" Carouge "), with fine river scenery ; to the 
River and Falls of the Chaudiere, below the city (by 
Point Levi) ; to Lalce St. Charles, with fine scenery 
and good angling. Something longer is that to the 



254 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Falls of St. Anne, which may, however, be taken in 
connection with those of Montmorenci. 

Division D. 

QUEBEC TO RIVIERE DU LOUP AND THE SA0UEHAY 

RIVER. 

Leave Quebec by rail, by Point Levi, along the 
south shore of the St. Lawrence, by Chaudiere 
Junction, St. Thomas, V Islet and other stations, to 
Riviere du Loup. 

Or, better, if time will allow the additional day : 

Leave Quebec by one of the steamers of the Cana- 
dian Navigation Company (usual trips twice a week: 
timely reference on this point to be made at the 
hotel of stoppage, at Quebec.) First object of inter- 
est, the large Island of Orleans, in the St. Law- 
rence immediately below the city, with considerable 
prosperity. The Falls of St. Anne (before referred 
to), and Lake St. Charles, celebrated for fine trout- 
fishing, are both passed, at some miles below, though 
of course not visible from the boat. The first land- 
ing is made at 

Murray Bay, on the north shore, pleasant vil- 
lage and attractive watering-place, much resorted to 
by Canadian families, and with good accomodation. 
G-oing on by steamer, an hour and a half later is 
reached 

Eiyiere du Loup, on the southern side of the 
now rapidly-widening St. Lawrence — terminus of 



ROUTE NO. 19.- CANADIAN. 365 

the easternmost branch of the Grand Trunk road. 
[Connection by rail, southwest to Chaudiere Junc- 
tion, for Quebec; or thence to Richmond, for 
Montreal, or south to Island Pond for Portland 
or the White Mountains]. [From Riviere du Loup, 
visit is paid, by stage, to the favorite watering- 
place of 

Cacouna, with fine bathing, fishing, and much 
fashionable resort.] 

Leaving Riviere du Loup, again by steamer, 
the St. Lawrence is recrossed, to the entrance of 
the 

Saguenay River, with scenery of such grand 
and stupendous wildness as is seldom encountered 
on either continent ; the almost perpendicular cliffs 
at many points, and the great height of the border- 
ing hills, combining with the darkness of the water, 
the frequent waterfalls, and the general aspect of 
wild desolation, to awe as well as enrapture. At 
very near the entrance of the river is passed the 
very old village of Tadoussac ; and not long after, 
the little cove containing a fishing station, called 
VAnce a VEau. The next points of interest 
reached, are the two frightful over-hanging cliff- 
mountains, Cape Eternity and Cape Trinity, be- 
neath which, from the apprehension that they may 
fall at any moment, the tourist has no wish to re- 
main for any long period, while the water seems 
black as ink, from the shadows. Statue Point and 
the Tableau are other points of special interest, ap- 



256 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

proaching Ha Ha Bay, a beautiful village, amid 
softened scenery, where the route terminates. 

Return by steamer to Riviere du Loup, whence 
rail to Quebec, or to CJiaudiere Junction for pro- 
ceeding southward. 



ROUTE NO. 20 -CANADIAN. 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO, MONTREAL AND 
QUEBEC, BY STEAMERS ; WITH DIREC- 
TION TO OTHER CITIES OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by- 
train to Letoiston, small town on the American 
shore of the Niagara River (Queenston, larger 
town, on the Canadian side, opposite, with monu- 
ment to the British General Brock, ki lied there in 
battle in 1812). 

At Lewiston take Toronto boat (twice daily), on 
the Niagara river, with stop at 

Niagara (Village), place of embarkation for 
other passengers from Falls by rail on the American 
side. Immediately below Niagara are passed Fort 
Niagara, on American side, and Fort Massasauga, 
on Canadian. Soon after, passing from the River 
into Lake Ontario, with short sail to 

Toronto (See Route No 19). 

At Toronto take Royal Mail steamer for Montreal 
(every day, in connection with boat and train). 
Several hours' sail along the Lake, with shore-views, 
principally north — to 

Kingston. (See Route No. 19). 

(Or, leave Niagara by rail, as in Route No. 19, to 



258 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Hamilton, Toronto and Kingston, first taking boat 
here, at yery early morning or afternoon). 

At Kingston the Lake narrows to become virtu- 
ally the St. Lawrence Kiver, though, still very wide, 
and called the " Lake of the Thousand Islands," as 
containing the celebrated 

Tliousancl Islands, said to number nearly twice as 
many, and certainly studding the stream very thick- 
ly, in rough-tree-crowned, wild and picturesque 
beauty — there really seeming, at times, to be diffi- 
culty in finding passage between them. 

Leaving the Lake of the Thousand Islands, en- 
tering the St. Lawrence proper, passing Ogdenshirg 
on the American side, and Prescott, on the Cana- 
dian (connection to Ottawa — see Eoute No. 19), — 
are soon entered the 

Rapids of the St. Lawrence, among the most ex- 
tended and notable to be found in any river on the 
globe, and some of them startling to the inexpe- 
rienced who mark the rapid rush of the water and 
the sharp inclination of the boat, at the worst mo- 
ments; though the amount of danger involved, 
with good boats and the inevitable skilful pilot- 
age, must be almost nothing, as accidents are liter- 
ally unheard of. The different Eapids follow each 
other in the succession named : the Gallopes (4) ; the 
Plate ; the Depleau ; the Long Sault ; the Coteau ; 
the Cedars (considered by many the finest ) ; the 
Cascades ; and the Lachine (shortest of all, but 
more sensational than any of the others). Im- 



ROUTE NO. 20.— CANADIAN. 259 

mediately after passing the Lachine, is in sight, and 
soon after reached, 

Montreal. (See Eoute No. 19). 

From Montreal (every evening) by boats of the 
Richelieu Company, making the whole passage dur- 
ing the night (little interesting scenery offering)) 
and landing in the morning at 

Quebec. (See Eoute No. 19 ; as also for excur- 
sion to Riviere du Loup and the Saguenay River). 

SKELETON ROUTES TO OTHER TOWNS OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Halifax, Capital of Nova Scotia. Reached by 
steamers of the Allan line, from Montreal or Port- 
land ; or by packet-steamer direct from Portland ; 
or from St. John, N. B., by steamer to "Windsor, 
N. S., and rail thence to Halifax. Hotels : the 
Waverley, Stewarfs, Halifax, and International. 

St. John, New Brunswick. From Boston, by 
steamer, twice a week. From Halifax, N. S., by 
rail and steamer, by Windsor, N. S. Hotels : Wav- 
erley and Studbs'. 

Fredericton, Capital of New Brunswick. From 
Boston, by steamer to St. John's, and small steamer 
up the St. John River. Hotel : the Barker House. 

Windsor, Nova Scotia. By rail from Halifax. 

Sidney, Cape Breton. By boat from Halifax. 

Shediac, New Brunswick. By rail from St. John, 
N. B. ; also by steamer from Quebec. 

Charlotte Town, Prince Edward's Island. By 



960 SHORT TRIP G TJTDE. 

rail from St. John, N. B., to Shediac, N.. B. : thence 
boat. 

Pictott, Nova Scotia. By rail from St. John, 
N. B., to Shediac, N". B. ; thence boat. 

Bathttest, New Brunswick. By boat from She- 
diac ; also trom Quebec. 



ROUTE NO. 21. FAR-WESTERN (SEMI-SKELETON.) 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, SALT LAKE CITY, SAN" FRAN- 
CISCO. BIG TREES AND YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

Division A. 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, BY OPTIONAL ROUTES. 

By Cliicago and North Western road. 

Leave Chicago by Chicago and North Western 
road, to 

Junction [connection north to Milwauhie j north 
to Fort Howard and Green Bay ; north-westward to 
Madison ; westward to Dunleith and Dubuque]. 
Junction, by Geneva and other stations, to 

Dixon [connection northward to Freeport ; south- 
ward to Bloomington, Springfield, Alton and St. 
Louis]. By other stations to 

Morrison [connection south westward to Rock Is- 
land] ; to 

Clinton, on the Mississippi River, entering the 
State of Iowa [river connections north and south]. 
Clinton, by various stations, to 

Cedar Rapids, railway centre on the Red Cedar 
River. [Connections, northeast to Dubuque ; north 
to Waterloo, Austin and St. Paul ; south to Bur- 
lington and Keokuh\ Cedar Rapids, by various 
other stations, to 



262 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Marshall [connections northward to Mason City, 
Austin and St. Paul ; southward to Ottumwa, Keo- 
kuk, etc.] ; to Boone, thriving town and coal centre, 
commencement of the Western Division of the 
road; to 

Grand Junction [connection north to Fort 
Dodge, thence to Sioux City ; south to Des Moines, 
capital of the State of Iowa]. Grand Junction, by 
many other stations, through the Valley of the Des 
Moines, to 

Missouri Valley Junction. [Connections north 
to Sioux City ; westward, by California Junction, 
across the Missouri river to Fremont and the Union 
Pacific road]. By other stations to 

Council Bluffs, on the eastern side of the Mis- 
souri river. [Connections north to Sioux City, etc. ; 
6outh to NelrasTca City (by branch), Lincoln, 
Capital of Nebraska, St. Joseph, on the Missouri 
river, etc]. From Council Bluffs, bridge- transfer 
(railroad), to Omaha. 

By Chicago and Rock Island road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago and Rock Island 
road; by Englewood [connections eastward to all 
cities on the Michigan Southern and Lake Shore 
roads ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, Pittsdurg, 
etc]. By other stations to 

Joliet, large town on the Des Moines river, 
with State Penitentiary, extensive stone-quarries, 
etc. [Connections, eastward to Michigan Southern 
and Lake Shore roads ; southwestward to Blooming 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR-WESTERN. 263 

ton and Springfield ; also by Canal with Chicago]. 
By other stations to 

La Salle, flourishing town and coal centre on 
the Illinois river. [Connections, north to Mendota 
and Freeport, south to Bloomington and Spring- 
field, by Illinois Central road ; also by steamer to 
St. Louis]. La Salle, by Bureau [connection south- 
ward to Peoria] ; by Pond Creek [connection south- 
westward to Quincy and to Burlington] ; by minor 
stations to 

Rock Island, important town on the Mississippi, 
with extensive manufactures and river trade. [Con- 
nections northeast to Freeport ; , etc.; southeast to 
Peoria; south to Alton and St. Louis; also by 
steamboat to St. Louis]. From Rock Island, by 
bridge over the Mississippi, to 

Davenport (Iowa), large town on the western 
bank of that river, with water-power, manufactures, 
Griswold and other Colleges, an Opera House, etc. 
[Connections, substantially same as Rock Island], 
Davenport to Wilton [connection south westward to 
Muscatine, Washington, and the Kansas Pacific 
road] ; to Moscow [connection, by Ashland, with 
Des Moines Valley road] ; to 

West Liberty [connection south to Burlington ; 
north to Cedar Rapids, etc.] ; to 

Iowa City, on the Iowa river, formerly capital of 
the State, and now with State University, manu- 
factures, etc. By other stations to Grinnell, seat of 
Iowa College [connections north to Mason City, 



264 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

etc.; south to Ottumwa, etc.] By other stations 
to 

Des Moines, capital of the State of Iowa, thriv- 
ing manufacturing town and coal centre, at the 
confluence of Des Moines and Raccoon rivers, with 
magnificent State House in course of erection. [Con- 
nections, northwest to Fort Dodge and Sioux City ; 
southeast to Ottumiva, Keohuh, etc. J Des Moines, 
by Dexter, Casey, Atlantic, and other stations, to 

Council Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
Northwestern route over the same distance, imme- 
diately preceding.) 

By Uliicago, Burlington and Quincy road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago, Burlington and 
Quincy road, by Aurora, on Fox river; by Mendota, 
agricultural and manufacturing town, seat of Men- 
dota College, and of a Wesleyan Seminary [connec- 
tion south to Bloomington, etc., north to Freeport, 
etc., by the Illinois Central road] ; by Princeton, 
Galva ; by Galesburg, seat of Knox and Lombard 
Colleges [connection south-eastward to Peotia, etc.]; 
by Monmouth, to 

Burlington, on the Mississippi river, one of the 
largest and most important towns of Iowa, with fine 
river scenery, extensive commerce, by river and other- 
wise, seat of Burlington University (Baptist), and a 
great railway centre. [Connections very general; 
principally by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 
road and its branches ; and Mississippi river may be 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 265 

ascended to Rock Island, Dubuque, etc., or descended 
to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Burlington by the Burlington and Missouri 
road, by the important stations of Ottumwa [con- 
nections north to Cedar Rapids, southward and east- 
ward to St. Louis, etc. J ; Chariton. Osceola, Creston, 
Red Oak, Pacific Junction, etc., to 

Council Bluefs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
North Western route.) 

Division B. 

OMAHA TO OGDEN, SALT LAKE CITY, AND SAN 
FRANCISCO. 

Omaha, Nebraska, on the western side of the 
Missouri river, opposite Council Bluffs, well located, 
and unprecedentedly rapid in growth, though de- 
riving its principal importance from the great Pacific 
transit through it, and the commercial supply of a 
wide section, making it the central point between 
Chicago and San Francisco. Communication with 
Council Bluffs by ferry boat, and by the magnificent 
iron bridge now crossing the Missouri. [Connec- 
tions: (besides the routes just traversed) south-east 
to Ottumwa, Keokuk, and Burlington, by the 
Burlington and Missouri road; north to California 
Junction and Sioux City ; south to St. Joseph, 
Wyandotte, and Topee; A, capital of the State of 
Kansas; etc.] 

[Before proceeding westward from Omaha, on the 
great Pacific Route, a few observations are worthy of 



266 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notice. First, no apprehensions of the length of 
the road need be entertained, as to anything more 
than easily-endurable fatigue — the road, through- 
out, from Omaha to the Pacific, being thoroughly 
well laid, a large proportion of it straight and level, 
and the moderate rate of speed making the motion 
smooth and easy, so that reading, writing, card- 
playing, conversation or eating (if lunch is carried), 
are all practicable and easy throughout. Second, to 
secure the full charm of the route, berths in the 
Pullman Sleeping Carriages, advisable elsewhere, 
are almost indispensable for the night-and-day 
travel on the Union Pacific road, as are the Silver 
Palace Oars of the same character correspondingly 
necessary beyond Ogden, on the Central Pacific 
road. The cost of using these coaches, with freer 
room and greater privileges by day and comfortable 
sleeping-accommodations by night, will be found 
but a trifle added to the price of tickets (only $8.00, 
Omaha to Ogden; $6.00, Ogden to the Pacific) ; and 
no wiser additional outlay can be made, as no more 
complete luxury can be found in any line of travel. 
TJiird, the trains stop at convenient stations for 
meals, which will be found good enough for all 
practical purposes, and many excellent ; though 
parties of several persons will probably add to their 
comfort by taking lunch-baskets, prepared food, and 
what drinks they may prefer, and having tables set 
for them in the cars, at leisure, by the stewards or 
porters. Fourth, at some portions of the long ride 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 267 

there is always dust, and linen or other dusters (wraps) 
are indispensable; while the same stout clothing 
needed nearly all the year at San Francisco and 
other places on the immediate Pacific coast, is often 
found pleasant at that point of the route which 
crosses the Rocky Mountains. Fifth, to the intel- 
ligent and observing, the ride is by no means monot- 
onous, at least on the first crossing — the infinite 
variety of scenery making such monotony impos- 
sible. The first few hours from Omaha show the 
Prairies, in perfection, with an absolute level, fer- 
tility, though without wood, the Platte river on the 
left, and a sea of living green; the second day 
changes the prairies to the Plains, with less fertility, 
some bluffs, and low river scenery; while, also on 
the second day, the snow-crested Rocky Mountains 
are seen, the route of travel roughens, and the 
mountains themselves are crossed ; to these succeed 
the High Plains of Laramie ; then the Desert, with 
rocky bluffs; then the Wahsatch Mountains, gener- 
ally snow-crowned, and the grand scenery of Echo 
and Weber Canons, penetrating through them, to 
Ogden (with its detour of Salt Lake City). Beyond 
Ogden occurs, first, grand scenery on the left, of the 
Wahsatch, the Great Salt Lake, etc.; then succeed 
the Great American Desert, with its characteristics 
of desolation indicated by the name — the Valley of 
the Humboldt, with some approach to fertility — 
followed by the Great Nevada Sandy Desert, more 
desolate than any preceding, but curious in its 



268 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bluffs and rock formations. Then follow the noble 
and wild scenery of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, 
nearly always snow-crowned, the tremendous passes 
over and around the summits of those mountains, 
with nearly forty miles of snow-sheds, views of the 
great gold-mining sections and operations, the thril- 
ling descent of the Sierras, to the English-looking 
and fertile plains of California.] 

The following table shows all the stations between 
Omaha and San Francisco, on both the Union and 
Central Pacific roads, with the distances from 
Omaha, and the altitudes of all points above sea- 
level. Those in capitals are the more important 
stations; and in notes following, and marked by 
reference letters (a, d, c, etc.) will be found some of 
the notable features of the route, the connections, etc. 
General eating-stations are designated, in the notes, 
by the initials " G. E. S." 



Distances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


§ 

03 
> 






OMAHA DEPOT. . . .- 


966 


4 

10 


Gilmore a 


1142 
976 


15 




972 


29 


Elkhorn b 


1150 


35 


Valley 


1120 


47 
54 


Ketchum 


1176 
1270 


63 
69 




1259 
1359 



BOUTE NO. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 



269 



UU T 

p o 



76 
84 
92 
99 
109 
121 
132 
142 
148 
154 
162 
172 
183 
191 
201 
212 
221 
230 
240 
250 
260 
268 
278 
285 
291 
299 
308 
315 
322 
332 
342 
351 
361 
369 
377 
387 
397 
408 



STATIONS. 



at- 



Schuyler . .. 

, Richland. . . 

Co.unibus e . , 

Jackson .... 

Silver Creek. 

, ..Clark's.... 

Lone Tree.. . 

, Chapman's.. . 

Lockwood . . 

GRAND ISLAND 

Alda , 

Wood River 

Gibbon 

Kearney /..... 

Stevenson. 

Elm Creek 

Overton , 

. . . , Plum Creek g 

Cayote 

. . . Willow Island . . . 

Warren 

Brady IslaDd 

McPherson h 

Gannett 

.NORTH PLATTE i 

Nichols.. 

O'Fallon's 

Dexter 

Alkali 

Roscoe 

Ogalalla 

Brule 

Big Spring 

Barton 

Julesburg j 

Chappel 

Lodge Pole 

Colton 



1335 
1440 
1432 
1470 
1534 
1610 
1686 
1760 
1800 
1850 
1907 
1974 
2046 
2106 
2170 
2241 
2305 
2370 
2440 
2511 
2570 
2637 
2695 
2752 
2789 
2882 
2976 
3000 
3038 
3105 
3190 
3266 
3325 
3421 
3500 
3702 
3800 
4022 



270 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 



Distances 
from 


STATIONS. 


| 

> 

o 


414 


SIDNEY k 


4073 


423 


Brownson 


4200 


433 


, . . Potter 


4370 


442 




4580 


451 




4712 


463 


Busbnell 


4860 


473 


Pine Bluffs, W. T. 1 


5026 


484 


Egbert 


5272 


496 


Hillsdale m 


5591 


508 


Archer 


6000 


516 


CHEYENNE n 


6041 


523 


Hazard 


6325 


531 


Otto . .. . 


6724 


536 


Granite Canon , 


7298 


542 


, Buford 


7780 


549 


Sberman o 


8242 


558 


Harney 


7857 


564 


Red Buttts 


7336 


570 


Fort Saunders 


7163 


573 


LARAMIE p 


7123 


581 


Howell 


7090 


587 


Wyoming 


7068 


602 


Cooper's Lake 


7044 


606 


Lookout. 


7169 


638 




6680 


645 


Medicine Bow 


6550 


656 


Carbon q 


6750 


662 




689S 


669 


Percy t 


6950 


675 




6875 


680 


St. Mary's s 


6751 


688 


Walcott 


6800 


690 


Fort Steele 


6840 


704 


Grennville 


6560 


709 


RAWLINS 


6732 


716 


Summit 


6821 


723 




6900 


730 




6885 



ROUTE JSTO. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 



271 



Distances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


| 
t 

a 


737 


Creston t 


7030 


744 


Latham 


6900 


752 


Wash-a-kie 


6697 


761 


. .* Red Desert 


6710 


775 


Table Rock 


6890 


785 


Bittr r Creek 


6685 


794 


Black Buttes 


6600 


798 


Hallville 


6590 


805 


Point of Rocks 


6490 


817 


Salt Wells 


6360 


825 


Baxter 


6300 


831 




6280 


839 


Lawrerce 


6200 


845 


GREEN RIVER u 


6140 


858 




6340 


867 


Marston 


6245 


876 




6270 


887 


Chu'ch Buttes w 


6317 


896 


Hampton 


6500, 


904 


Carter x 


6550 


913 


Bridger , 


6780 


928 




7123 


937 




6540 


944 




7835 


950 


Millis 


6790 


614 


Miser 


6810 


623 




6690 


630 


Wilcox 


7033 


957 


EVANSTON, Utah y 


6870 


966 




6879 


975 




6290 


982 




5974 


991 


Echo 


5315 


999 




5250 


1007 




5130 


1015 




4963 


1019 




4870 


1024 




4560 



^272 



SHORT- TRIP a UIDE. 



ft © 



1032 
1040 
1055 
1073 
1084 
1092 
1105 
1123 
1139 
1153 
1178 
1187 
1197 
1206 
1215 
1227 
1236 
1251 
1 1259 
1283 
1297 
1307 
1319 
1330 
1339 
1358 
1368 
1379 
1391 
1410 
1434 
1451 
1472 
1492 
1514 
1525 
1541 
1553 



STATIONS. 



....OGDEN aa 

Bonneville 

Corinne bb 

Blue Creek 

, . . .Promontory cc 

Rozel 

. . .Monument dd 

Kelton ee 

Matlin 

Terrace 

Lucin 

..Tecoma, Nevada 

Montello , 

Loray 

TOANO ff 

Pequop 

. . .Independence.. . . . 

Wells gg 

Tulasco . 

Halleck 

, Osino hh 

Elko it 

Moleen 

.....CARLINj; 

Palisade 

Be-o-wa-we 

Shoshone 

Argrenta kh 

.Battle Mountain kk f. 

, . . . . Stone House 

Golconda 

.WINNEMUCCA 11. 

Raspberry 

. . . .Humboldt mm. . . . 

Oreana. .*..... 

Lovelock's , 

.Brown's 

"White Plains.. . . . 



4340 
4310 
4294 
4360 
4943 
4600 
4290 
4500 
4821 
4450 
4400 
4600 
4800 
5409 
5964 
6180 
6115 
5650 
5418 
5220 
5100 
5030 
5000 
4930 
4870 
4717 
4665 
4575 
4534 
4449 
4419 
4355 
4354 
4262 
4206 
4100 
3955 
3921 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 



273 



Distances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


OB 



O 

! 

9 

H 


1568 


Hot Springs 


4098 


1587 


WADSWORTH nn 


4104 


1602 


, Clark's 


4290 


1614 


.Vista 


440a 


1622 


,.. Reno oo 


4525 


1633 




4915 


1648 




5560 


1657 


, TRUCKEE qq 


5866 


1671 
1684 




7042 




5911 


1692 




5309 


1697 




4700 


1706 


Alta . . 


3625 


1709 


Dutch Flat 


3425 


1711 




3245 


1722 




3448 


1740 




1385 


1745 




920 


1754 




26$ 


1758 




189 


1768 




7d 


1776 


SACRAMENTO «>.... 


56 


1803 


Gait 


7a 


1824 




46 


1834 




48 


1867 
1893 




520 
148 


1914 




114 


1909 







1914 


SAN FRANCISCO 






NOTES. 

a. Gttmore, entrance of the Pa> illon Valley. 

b. JZlkTiorn, entrance of the Platte Valley, and crossing 
of the Elk^orn river. 

c. Fremont , connection with the Chicago and North- 
Western road, by California Junction. G. E. S. 



274 SHOBT+TBIP GulDE. 

d. North Bend, with first views of the Platte river on the 
left. 

e. Columbus, with bridge across the Platte, and railroad 
crossing the Loup Fork near. 

ef. Grand Island, important station. G. E. 8. 

f. Kearney, supply station for Fort Kearney, in the im- 
mediate neighborhood. 

g. Plum Oreek, scene of the Plum Creek Massacre of rail- 
road employees, 1868. 

h. McPherson, supply station for Fort McPherson on the 
opposite side of the river. 

i. North Platte, with extensive machine-shop of the rail- 
way company. 

j. JuUsburg, with Fort Sedgwick near — the place having 
some activity and the reputation ot being the wickedest in 
the world, during the railway building, but now stripped 
and in decay. 

k. Sidney, important station, with railway repair-shops, 
and Sidney Barracks, military station, adjoining. G. E. S. 

1. Pine Bluffs, with singular rock scenery in the neigh- 
borhood. 

m. Hillsdale, with first views, near, of the Black Hills, 
the snow-crowned peaks of the Rocky Mountains; and 
Pike's Peak, Long's and Spanish Peaks, of the Colorado 
Mountains, often visible at the south-west, at the incredible 
distance of 170 miles. 

n. Cheyentse, principal station between Omaha and 
Ogden, with railway shops. Point of connection, by the 
Denver Pacific road, with Denver; and thence, by the Kan- 
sas Pacific road, with TopeJca, Lawrence and other Kansas 
towns, and St. Louis. Also, by the road to Denver, and 
stages thence, with Central City, Golden City, Pike's Peak, 
and other mountain and mining centres of Colorado. Also, 
central military station of the Plains. G. E. S. 

o. Sherman, highest point of the railway over the Rocky 
Mountains, and also highest railway-station in the world, 
with altitude of 8,242 feet. 

p. Laramie, important station, with railway machine- 
shops, near the North Park on the south and the Black Hills 
on the north, and very favorable for residence and mountain 
rambles. G. E. S. 

q. Carbon, with coal mines in the neighborhood. 

r. Percy, with fine views of Elk Mountain. 

s. St. Mary's, with wild and rugged scenery in the vicin- 
ity, and a crossing of the Laramie river. 



ROUTE No. 21.— FJUC WESTERN. 275 

t. Creston, at the summit of the dividing-ridge of the 
continent, though really lower than Sherman. 

u. Green River, thriving village, fording-place of The 
old Overhand Stage line, and with fine views of the Uintah 
Mountains at the south, and the Wind River Mountains at 
the north. G. E. S. 

v. Bryan, important station, and point of connection, by 
stage, with the Sweet Water mining region and the once 
popular South Pass of the Overland emigration. 

w. Church Buttes, with singular rock formations in the 
neighborhood, giving it the name; and the chief place of 
supply of the celebrated moss-agates of the section. 

x. Carter, supply station for Fort Bridger, near. 

y. Evanston, new but thriving town of Utah, with repu- 
tation for supplying the alkali bread, of peculiar excellence; 
and the point at which, when available, the open " observa- 
tion car" is attached to the westward-bourd train, for favor- 
able views of the snow-crowned Wahsatch mountains, and 
through Echo and Weber Canons. G. E. S. 

z. Castle Rock, entrance to the grand rock scenery of 
Echo Canon, and of Weber Canon, following, with Pulpit 
Rock, the Thousand Mile Tree, the Devil's Gate, Devil's 
Slide, and other notable features of one of the most remark- 
able passes on the continent. 

aa. Ogden, termination of the Union Pacific road, and 
commencement of the Central Pacific; Mormon town of 
some prosperity, and with grand scenery at the north, in 
in Ogden and other Canons. Also, point of departure, by the 
Utah Central railroad, for Salt Lake City (see that detour, 
Division D, following), and for northern points by the Utah 
Northern road. G. E. S. 

bb. Corinne, important station near the Great Salt Lake, 
with stage connection to the Lake, and by boat to Salt Lake 
City ; also stage connection to Virginia, Helena, and other 
mountain and mining towns of Nevada. 

cc. Promontory — Promontorv Point, so called from strange 
rock protuberances near it ; the spot where the " last spike" 
of the connecting roads was driven on the 10th May, 1869, 
and where the connection of the two roads was expected to 
be made, until transferred to Ogden by Act of Congress. 

dd. Monument, commencement of the Great American 
Desert. 

ee. Kelton, with connection by stage to Boise City, Rocky 
Bar, and other mining sections in Idaho, and thence to cities 
of Oregon. 



276 SHORT-TRIP G UIDE. 

ff. Toano, important station, at near the entrance to the 
Humboldt Valley. G. E. S. 

gg. Wells, with the Humboldt Wells and their fertile 
oases in the neighborhood, and point of stage departure for 
northern mines. 

hh. Osino, western termination of the Humboldt Valley. 

ii. Elko, important station and thriving town of Nevada, 
with stage and wagon connections to White Pine, Wyoming, 
and other mining districts. 

jj. Carlin, another important station, and rival of Elko. 
G. E. S." 

kk. Argenta, with stage connections to Austin and Bel- 
mont, and distributing trade to Eeese river and White 
Pine mining districts. 

kk. Battle Mountain. G. E. S. 

11. Winnemucca, with railway shops and mining trade, 
and stage connection to Boise City, Paradise, Silver City, etc. 
Also, virtual commencement of the Great Nevada Sandy 
Desert. 

mm. Humboldt, with bridge crossing of the Humboldt 
river, and Sink of the Humboldt visible at the left. G. E. S. 

nn. Wadsworth, wesl ern termination of the Great Nevada 
Desert, and commencement of ascent of the Sierra Nevada 
Mountains. Also, with extensive workshops, and with Pyra- 
mid Lake at some twenty miles due northward. 

oo. Reno, important station, on the Truckee river, and 
great mining centre of supplies and transportation, with 
railway connection to Carson City, Virginia City, Gold Hill, 
Washoe, etc. 

pp. Verdi, point of entering California. 

qq. Truckee, thriving town, with numerous saw mills 
and many characteristics of the early California towns. 
Point of detour from the railway, by stage to Lake TaJwe, 
15 miles southward (see Division E), and to Lake Donner, 
at a short distance northward. Has fine mountain scenery 
in the neighborhood, and thence westward up the Sierra, 
though with many interruptions from the snow-sheds. Not 
far westward from Truckee are caught noble views of Lake 
Donner, lying far below, to the right. 

rr. Summit, highest point of the railway over the Sierra 
Nevada, almost always with much snow in the neighbor- 
hood, and surrounded by snow-sheds. G. E. S. 

Sj3. Emigrant Gap, at and beyond which may be said to 
commence the grand scenery of the descent of the Sierras,, 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 276a 

of wlrch the two most strking points are the Great A.meri- 
can Canon, and Cape Horn. 

tt. Gold Run, in the neighborhood of which, from the 
road, may be surveyed many of the effects and some of the 
processes of hydraulic gold-mining in California. 

uu. Colfax, important station, and point at which ceases 
the very steep descent of the Sierras. G-. E. S. 

vv. Sacramento, capiral of California, lying on the Sa- 
cramento river, with a very handsome Capitol not yet fin- 
ished, a Urge amount of trade by river and otherwise, the 
Yolo Bridge over the river, Central Pacific Railway Works, 
and many attractions as a residence. [Steamboat commu- 
nication down the Sacramento river, by Amador, Benicia, 
Vallcjo, etc., supplying very pleasant transit to San Fran- 
cisco.] G. E. S. 

ww. Stockton, large town of the San Joaquin Valley, at 
the head of navigation on the San Joaquin river, mining 
emporium, wheat-centre, and one of the points of departure 
for the Big Trees of Calaveras, the Yo Semite Valley, etc. 

xx. Lathrop, thriving town nf San Joaquin Valley, point 
of junction of the Visalia Division of the C. P. R. R., and 
another of the favorite points of departure for the Yo 
Semite. G. E. S. 

yy. Sm Jose, pleasant and favorite town, south-east of 
San Francisco, and pas-ed through, from Niles, when 
making the detour south of the Bay and reaching San Fran- 
cisco by rail without ferriage from Oakland. 

zz. Oakland, thriving town and favorite residence, cele- 
brated for its growth of live-oaks, and as being the site of 
the University of California. Terminus of the Central 
Pacific road, whence ferry to San Francisco. 



Division G. 

SAN FRANCISCO, WITH SHORT EXCURSIONS. 

San Francisco, called the " Metropolis of the 
Pacific/' as well as the " Golden Oily," lies on the 
western side of the Bay of the same Dame, with 
entrance to the Pacific Ocean through the " Golden 
Gate." It is immense in trade and wealth, with 



276& SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

singularly varied and sometimes-trying climate, and 
a dashing enterprise unparalleled elsewhere. Cali- 
fornia, Montgomery, Clay, Bush, Washington, Kear- 
ney, Stockton and Dupont, are among the principal 
streets ; and Market street divides them between 
north and south, as in Philadelphia. Telegraph Hill, 
at the northern side, gives a splendid view of the 
city and harbor, and many of the distant mountains. 

Among leading Public Buildings are the U. 8. 
Mint, Commercial street (new one building, at Mis- 
sion and Fifth streets); the Custom House (with 
Post Office) ; Merchants' 1 Exchange, California street; 
New City Hall (building, Yerba Buena Park) ; U. 
S. Marine Hospital, Mission street; Roman Cath. 
Orphan Asylum, Market street ; St. Ignatius Col- 
lege, Market street ; etc. Prominent Churches : 
Grace Church (Epis.) ; St. Mary's and St. Patrick's 
Cathedrals (Cath.); Calvary Presbyterian; First 
Methodist; First Baptist; Jewish Synagogue 
Emanuel ; Mariners' Church, etc. Leading 
Theatres : the California, Metropolitan, Maguire's 
Opera House, Alhambra. Chinese Theatres : Dupont 
street and Jackson street. Leading Hotels : the 
Occidental, Cosmopolitan, Grand, and Lick House. 

Other Features of Interest will be found, The 
Chinese, whose head-quarters in the Western World 
are at San Francisco, and in whose " quarter," "Joss 
House" or Temple, and Theatre, much experience 
may be gained ; Woodward's Gardens, with very fine 
collections in Natural History and a Hall for public 
amusements ; the City Water Works, etc. 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276c 

Near Excursions will include those to Lone Moun- 
tain Cemetery, with fine outlook, tombs of Broderick, 
Col. Baker, and others; to the Cliff House and Seal 
Rock, with the Seals always crowning the latter 
(favorite drive or horse-cai\s, with slages connecting) ; 
to the Ocean House and Race Coarse, near the 
latter; to the Hunter's Point Dry Docks ; to the 
Mission Dolores (street car) ; to the Presidio, Fort 
Po int, etc., (drive or street car); and many others, 
locally directed, for longer sojourners. There are 
also ferries to Oakland, San Antonio, Alameda, 
Contra Costa, San Quentin and Saucelito. 

(Connections from San Francisco. (Local hotel 
inquiry advisable, for particulars.) By rail to Sac- 
ramento, Marysville, Oroville, Shasta, (Shasta 
Butte-Mountain) Vreka and other towns north ; to 
Stockton, San Jose, Visalia, and other towns, and 
New Almaden Mines, south ; eastward to Salt Lake 
City, Omaha, and tue East, by route just traversed. 
(Railway being laid, farther north, to Oregon City, 
Portland, Vancouver, etc.) By river-steamer to 
Sacramento. By sea-steamer on the Pacific, to 
Monterey, St. Luis, Santa Barbara, Acapulco, and 
oth-r towns on the Pacific, southward ; with con- 
nection at Panama with the Panama Railway and 
steamers on the Atlantic from Aspinwall to New 
York. Also by sea-steamer north to Portland and 
other towns of Oregon. Also by sea-steamer to the 
Sandwich Islands, with connection thence to Aus- 
tralia. Also by Pacific mall steamers to Japan 



276d SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and Chi^a, with connections to British Ln"dia, 
the Peninsular and Oriental steamers and overland 
route to Egypt, Mediterranean and Europe.] 

Division D. 

DETOUR FROM OGDE1T TO SALT LAKE CITY. 

Leave Ogden by cars of the Utah Central Railway, 
down the Great Salt Lake Valley, with the Wahsatch 
Mountains (a part of them always snow-crowned) 
rising boldly on the left and forming the eastern 
rim of the valley; and the Great Salt Lake, with 
encircling mountains and bold islands, forming the 
western boundary. The valley is very fertile, though 
needing and receiving constant irrigation on account 
of deficient rain ; and the Mormon farms and home- 
steads line the eastern side of the valley, and nestle 
under the mountains the whole distance. Passing 
through the settlements of Kaysville, Farming ton, 
Centreville, and Bountiful, at 36 miles from Ogden 
is reached 

Salt Lake City, lying at the southern extremity 
of the fertile portion of the Valley, with marshy 
ground extending for some miles southward from it 
and westward to the lake. It is well laid out, with 
broad and well-shaded streets, streams of water run- 
ning through many of them, though little that is 
complimentary can be said of the houses, a large 
proportion of them ill-built of adobe or wood. A 
full view of the noble Wahsatch Range is com- 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 276e 

manded from every portion of the town. Two 
wagon roads, leading southward and eastward to the 
mines and mountain settlements, enter the city at 
the eastward, through Emigrant and Parley Canons. 
There is also stage connection from the City, for 
Provo, Fillmore, San Bernardino, and other towns 
in Lower California, and for Stockton and Rush 
Valley in the West. Salt Lake City, from its com- 
mencement, the home of the Mormon religion and 
ascendancy, is now growing to he a great mining 
exchange, its character becoming (lentilized and 
revolutionized. 

Among the most notable buildings in the city are 
the Tabernacle, an immense, oval, round-roofed 
structure, with very large organ and wonderfully 
good acoustic properties, in which the denomi- 
national services of the Mormons are held ; the Old 
Tabernacle near the other, and much smaller, for use 
in winter ; the Bee Hive and Lion Houses of Brigham 
Young, standing near together, with the Eagle Gate 
between them ; the City Hall, a very creditable 
structure ; the Theatre, one of the most commodious 
m the West, and noted for the boxes devoted to 
President Brigham Young's extensive family ; the 
foundations of the Temple, near the Tabernacle ; 
some of the shops, with the " Z. C. M. I." (Zion's 
Co-operative Mercantile Institution) on their signs, 
showing the Mormon proclivities of the dealers. The 
principal business street is Mam or East Temple 
street. Visits may profitably be paid to Camp 



276/ SEORT-TBTP GUIDE. 

Douglas, the TJ. S. Military Station, three miles from, 
the city, eastward, on a fine elevated plateau under 
the mountains : to the Cemetery, north-oast of the. 
city, and remarkable for being without shade ; to 
the Tithing Store, where the denominational dues are 
paid; to Ensign Peak, for fine views: to the Warm 
Springs, the Hot Springs, the Canyons, etc., near 
the City. Hotels: the Walker (new), Salt Lake&r\d 
Townsend. 
Eeturn to Ogden for pursuance of route westward. 

Division E. 

DETOUR TO LAKE TAHOE. 

For this halt is made at Truckee (see that point 
in Division B); and the lying over of one train, or 
one day, will allow of a hurried visit to it, though, 
much more time should be consumed. 

From Truckee by stage fifteen miles, along the 
banks of the bright little Truckee river the whole 
distance, and over a very fair mountain road. An 
object of great interest is passed on the way, and 
should receive attention — the Talwe Fisheries, at 
which, in pools, fine trout of all sizes and ages may 
be seen, while in a building adjoining, the whole 
process of ineubation is shown. 

Lake Tahoe (often called by Californians "Lake 
Bigler," and so officially named), is undoubtedly 
one of the most beautiful bodies of water in any land* 
as it is the highest-lying large lake in the world. It 
is thirty-two mil^s in length, by ten in breadth, and 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276g 

lies bosomed in the snow-clad Sierras, which inclose 
it on the east, south and west, noble pine forests 
forming the border. The water of the lake is won- 
drously clear and blue, so that, when in repose, fish 
and other objects can be readily discerned at a depth 
of thirty or forty feet. It is also very cold, but has 
the peculiarity of never freezing in winter — possibly 
on account of the depth, which has been found to be 
1,700 feet in the middle. 

There are two small but commodious steamboats 
on the lake, besides sail and row-boats ; and a variety 
of excursions, in these, to Cornelian and Emerald 
Bays, and other points of interest, may be made ; or 
the whole lake may be ridden around by carriage, 
passing the same Bays, Lake Valley, Tahoe City, 
etc. Hotel : the Tahoe House. 

Eeturn to Truckee, for pursuing route by rail. 

Lake Bonner (much smaller than Tahoe, and seen 
from the rail) may also be reached from Truckee in 
a comparatively brief ride by carriage. 

Division F. 

TO THE BIG TEEES AND YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

For this double visit (the two great natural curi- 
osities lying in such directions that they should be 
taken in connection), several different routes offer 
themselv( > to the tourist. To the Yo-Semite, with- 
out the Calaveras Big Trees being always considered, 
three principal routes are in popular use, known as 



27Qh 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the "Big Oak Flat," the " Coulterville " and the 
" Mariposa " routes. 

Big Oak Flat Route. 

The easiest route is considered to be the " Big Oak 
Flat," the upper or north route. For this, the point 
of departure is Stockton, and the Big Trees of Cala- 
veras lie very nearly on the way to the Valley. 

Leave Stockton by cars of the Oopperopolis road, 
to Peters 9 , and (with change) to Milton. At Milton 
take stages for Murphy 9 s (Hotel, at Murphy's Camp), 
reached the same night. Proceed next day, by stage, 
fifteen miles, to the 

Big Tkee Grove oe Calaveras, where the 
Sequoia gigantea may be seen in their matchless 
glory, largest of all the arboreal products of earth. 
In the Mammoth Grove proper, there are nearly 100 
trees, amid other trees that would be gigantic else- 
where ; the heights of those standing ranging from 
180 to 350 feet, circumference from 30 to 93 feet; 
estimated ages, from 1,400 to 2,500 years. Most of 
the largest are named after distinguished statesmen 
and generals. On the smoothed stump of one of the 
largest, now covered with a building, in front of the 
hotel, sixty persons have danced in a set ; and through 
the hollow remains of the fallen " Father of the 
Forest," believed to have measured 420 feet in height, 
tail men walk erect and short ones ride on horse- 
back. The largest still standing erect, the "Mother 
of the Forest," is dead and naked of its salable bark, 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276a 

some portions of which measured 30 inches in thick- 
ness. (Hotel, at the Calaveras Grove, the Mammoth 
Grove House.) 

Six miles distant from the Mammoth Grove 
(reached on horseback). is the South Grove, of which 
some of the trees are alleged to be larger than any 
of the others, while the number reaches over 1,300. 

Return to Murphy's from the Big Trees, and pro- 
ceed thence, next morning, by stage, to Sonora, 
Chinese Camp, Garote, Big Oak Flat, Hardin's and 
Hodgdon's, to Hutchings' (Hotel), in the Valley, two 
days being consumed in the transit from Murphy's, 
with only eighteen miles of saddle. This brings the 
now celebrated 

Yo-Semite Valley, on the Merced river, with 
scenery alleged to be more grand than any other on 
the globe, in many particulars. Special points of 
interest: El Capitan, gigantic separated rock; the 
TJiree Brothers, also rocks; the Bridal- Veil Fall, 
940 feet; the Royal Arches, rocks; the Great- Yose- 
mite Fall, in three leaps of 1,600, 434, and 600 feet; 
the North and South Domes, rocks ; Mirror Lake ; 
and the stupendous but frightful view of the whole 
Valley, from Inspiration Point. (Depend upon 
guide, necessary and always in readiness, for route 
and particulars.) Hotels at the Valley: Hutchings' , 
Lydig's, and Black's. Proceed to Clark's, and thence 
make detour, a few miles, to the 

Big Teees of Mariposa, with no less than 427 
of the monsters, varying from twenty to thirty-four 



276j SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

feet in diameter, and from 275 to 325 feet in height 
—many of them estimated to be 1,500 to 2,500 years 
old. 

Return may be made from the Valley, by the same 
route by which it was entered, with the exception of 
not returning to Murphy's, on the way back to 
Stockton, and thus shortening the ride. But, un- 
less special reasons offer for such a course, a greater 
variety of scenery will be secured, by adopting the 
reverse of one of the other following routes ; or, if 
the visitor has entered the Valley by either of the 
following, the same advantages, with the glance at 
the Big Trees, will be secured by coming out by the 
reverse of the preceding. 

Coulterville Route. 

For this route, whether proceeding eastward or 
westward, the Central Pacific road is left at La- 
theop, cars being changed for Merced. Stage from 
Merced to Coulterville, and to Golin's Ranch, at 
Crane's Flat. From Gobin's, saddle-train to Black? s* 
in the Valley, with same features to be observed as 
those noted in the previous route, though some 
changes in the order of visiting them, from different 
points of arrival. This route is considered to have 
especial beauty in scenery along the route, as much 
of it lies along the dividing ridge between the Tuo- 
lumne and Merced rivers, giving fine views of the 
Sierra Nevada, the Coast Eange, San Joaquin Val- 
ley, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAR WESTERN. 276fc 

Mariposa Route. 

This route, the southernmost, is identical with the 
Coulterville, in departure and detail, so far as Mer- 
ced, by rail. Thence stage to Smiling* s, Hornitos, 
Bear Valley, White and Hatch's, and Clark and 
Moore's. Thence into the Valley, by saddle, some 
thirty miles — the distance on horseback being great- 
er than by any of tl e other routes, but with the ad- 
vantages claimed of bringing both the Mariposa Big 
Trees and tie stupendous view from Inspiration 
Point, into more convenient access. 

Two additional routes have lately been opened, 
known as the Mohelumne Hill and Hamilton's New. 
For the former, stage from Mohelumne Hill Station 
of the Central Pacific road, to the Calaveras Big 
Trees, and thence to the Yo-Semite Valley as by 
the Big Oak Fiat route ; for the second, stage from 
the railroad station at Gait, by lone City and Val- 
ley, Jackson, Mokelumne Hill and Railroad Flat, to 
the Big Trees ; and thence to the Yo-Semite as by 
the Big Oak Flat route. 

Division G. 

EXCURSION TO THE GEYSEE3 

Visit may be paid to the wonderful steam- springs, 
known as The Geysers, and considered as among 
the greatest of California curiosities — most conve- 
niently by the following route : 

Steamer from San Francisco (twice a day), or 
from Sacramento, to 



2761 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Vallejo, (pronounced " Val-lay-o"), [see "vv.,'* 
p. 276a], important town on the Straits of Carqui- 
nez, with Mare Island Navy Yard in the immediate 
neighborhood, and terminus of the California Paci- 
fic Railway. Thence rail on the Napa Valley Rail- 
way, by Napa City (stage to Sonoma), St. Helena 
(stage to White Sulphur Springs), and minor towns, 
to 

Calistoga (whence conveyance to Calistoga Springs, 
Mount St. Helena, the Petrified Forest, etc.) From 
Calistoga, Foss' stages, daily, by Ray's Ranch, God- 
win's Peak (with fine and very extensive view over 
Russian River Valley, the Coast Range and distant 
Pacific), and the picturesque ridge of Hog's Back, 
to the 

Great Geyser Canon and Springs, exhibiting some 
of the most startling phenomena in nature, in the 
wildness of the scenery, and the heat, varied mineral 
impregnation, and terrific force of outburst, of), the 
various springs included. Among the most notable 
exhibitions are those of the "Witches' Cauldron," 
throwing up mingled pitch and ink, with clouds of 
steam ; the " Steamboat Geyser/' throwing out steam 
of the most intense heat, with such force as to imi- 
tate the blowing off of the most powerful boiler; the 
" Scalding Steam Iron Bath ; " the " Mountain of 
Fire," with hundreds of vomiting fissures ; the " Al- 
kali Lake," the " Boiling Black Sulphur Springs," 
and many others that can only be intelligently or 
aven safely visited under capable guidance — the 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAR WESTERN. 276t». 

whole maintaining, and well deserving, the reputa- 
tion of being one of the most interesting and alto- 
gether the most diabolical, of the natural wonders of 
the continent. 

Division H. 

RETURNING EASTWARD FROM CALIFORNIA. 

Overland return from California must necessarily 
be made, until the completion of the Northern Paci- 
fic road, and that of the California and Oregon road,, 
running northward to meet it at Portland — by the 
same route pursued in going westward to the Paci- 
fic, over the Central and Union Pacific roads, at least 
so far as Cheyenne, "Wyoming Territory ; and the 
return ride will be by no means monotonous or with- 
out use, so many of the points passed over needing 
at leasi a second observation to measure them prop- 
erly. 

At Cheyenne, however (see "n," p. 274), much 
additional variety may be secured by taking the 
Denver Pacific road to 

Denver, capital of Colorado, as well as its com- 
mercial centre, with much beauty in location, a 
U. S. Branch Mint, magnificent views of the great 
snow-capped Colorado mountains from the rail, the 
city and neighborhood, and numerous rail and stage 
connections with all the great mining-centres of the 
territory, Golden City, Central City, Boulder City, 
etc., and with New Mexico, Arizona, and the South- 
West. It is also from Denver that excursions may 



276^ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

.best be arranged, to the famous Parks of Colorado, 
to the best points of view of Pike's, Long's, the 
Spanish Peaks, etc., among the grandest mountains 
of the central continent. 

From Denver the route eastward may be pursued, 
by the Kansas Pacific road, by Kit Carson, (Col.) 
Sheridan, Fort Hays, Brookville, Salina (on the 
Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas), Junction City 
(connection with the Missouri, Kansas and Texas 
railway, southward), Manhattan, and other more-or- 
less important towns of Kansas — to Topeka, capital 
of that State, and Lawrence, seat of the State Uni- 
versity, directly eastward, or by St. Joseph ("St. 
Joe ") important town of Missouri, and old starting- 
point of the overland emigration — to St. Louis, for 
pursuance of any route eastward, northward or 
southward (see Eoute No. 14, p. 223.) 

[Of course, for the California-bound traveller 
finding himself previously at St. Louis, and desiring 
to traverse both routes, the course of this Division 
will be reversed so far as Cheyenne, and the route 
thence eastward to Omaha and Chicago, be taken on 
tne return.] 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 

[towns and other places not indexed or mentioned 

in any of the routes, or with optional 

route here indicated.] 

Adrian (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Afton (H. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Allentown (N. J.) from Trenton or Bordentown. 

Amenia (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Amherst (Mass.) from New London by New London North- 
ern road. 

Ansonia (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Antietam [Battle Field] (Md.) from Harrisburg to Hagers- 
towr ; or from Harper's Ferry. 

Appleton (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Ashley Falls (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Aspinwall (Isthmus, for California) from New York by 
Pacific Mail Steamers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

Ashburnham (Mass.) from Fitchburg. 

Atchison (Kansas,) by rail from Kansas city, (see this list.) 

Aurora (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake, (see this list.) 

Avon (N. Y.) by rail from Rochester or Batavia. 

Bairibridge (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehamia road, fron» 
Albany or Binghamton, 

Both (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Bath (N. H.) from Wells River. 

Bath (N. Y.) on Buffalo Division of Erie road, from Batavia 
or Corning. 

Baton Rouge (La ) by steamer from New Orleans. 

Beaufort (S. C.) from Charleston. 

Bdfast (Me.) by rail from Waterville, (see this list.) 



278 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Bennington (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls; or from Chat- 
ham Four Corners, (see this list.) 

Benicia (Cal.) by boat from San Francisco. 

Bethel (Me.) by rail from Portland or Gorham. 

Bethel (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burlington. 

Bethlehem (NV H.) from Littleton. 

Beverly (Mass ) by rail from Salem. 

Bolton [and Falls] (Vt.) from Ridley's Station, (see this list.) 

Booneville (Mo.) by rail from Jefferson City, (see this list); or 
from St. Louis, by boat. 

Booneville (N. Y.) from Utica. 

Bowdoin College (Me.) at Brunswick, (see this list.) 

Bradford (Vt.) by rail from Wells River or White River 
Junction. 

Brandon (Vt.) by rail from Rutland or Burlington. 

Braintree (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 

Bridgewater (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Bristol (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list), or Provi- 
dence. 

Bristol (N. H.) from Concord by K New Hampshire road. 

Bristol (R.I.) by rail from Providence. 

Brookfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Brunswick (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Canaan (Ot.) from Brilgeport by Housatonic road. 

Cairo (N". Y.) by sta^e from Catskill. 

Camels Hump [Mountain] (Vt.) by carriage from Ridley's 
Station, (see this list.) 

Canton (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Carlisle (Pa ) by rail from Harrisburg. 

Caseyville (111.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Gastine (Me.) by boat from Belfast, (see this list.) 

GarbondaU (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Centralia (111.) by rail from Cairo or Chicago. 

Clwteaugay Woods (N. Y.) from Rouse's Point, or from 
PlaUsburg. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 279 

Chatham (N. J ) by Morris and Essex road from New York. 
Chatham (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York, or Boston 

and Albany road from Boston. 
CJiarlemont (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Charleston (S. C.) from New York by steamers twice a week 

or oftener. 
Cheat River (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeling ; or from Harp- 
er's Ferry. 
Cheshire (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Chester (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Chicopee (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Chilicoth , (0.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Circleville (O.) by rail from Cincinnati or Zanesville. 
Clarendon [Springs'] (Vt.) by stage from Rutland. 
Clarksburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry; or from 

Wheeling by Grafton. 
Clifton Springs (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York 

Central road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Coatesville (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Centra] 

road. 
Collinsville (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Cooperstown (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Crawfordsmlle (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 
Crooked Lake (N. Y.) from Penn Yan, (see this list.) 
Croton Falls (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Dalles of St. Louis River (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul or Dn* 

luth. 
Banbury (Ct.) from Norwalk. 

Danielsonville (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Deal (N. J.) from Long Branch. 
Deerfield [and South'] (Mass ) by rail from Northampton, (see 

this list.) 
Delaware (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Derby (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 
Dexter (Me.) by rail from Bangor. 



280 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Dover Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Downington (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Cen- 
tral road. 

Easthampton (Mass.) from New Haven by "Williamsburg 
road. 

Eastport (Me.) by steamer from Boston and from St. John's, 
KB. 

Eatontown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York ; or from Long Branch. 

Effingham (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute or St. Louis. 

Englewood (N. J.) from New York by Northern New Jersey 
road. 

Essex Junction ( Vt.) from Burlington. 

Falls Village (Ct.) from Bridgeport by H^usatonic road. 

Farmingdale (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 

FitcMurg (Mass.) by rail from Boston. 

Fitzwilliam (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg, Mass. 

Flint (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Florence (Mass.) from New Haven by "Williamsburg road. 

Flushing (L I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 
Flushing railroad. 

Fond du Lac (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie or Duluth. 

Fort William (Canada), by boat from Duluth. 

Foxborough (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Franklin (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Franklin (N. H.) from Concord by Northern New Hamp- 
shire road. 

FreeJwld (N. J.) from New York by Camden and Amboy or 
New Jersey roads, by Jamesburg ; or from Long Branch. 

Galveston (Texas), by steamer from New Orleans. 

Gardiner (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Gettysburg (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg, by York. 

Glassboro (N. J.) by rail from Camden- 

Gloucester (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 



OFF- ROUTE Am? MINOB PLACES. 281 

Grafton (N. H ) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 
Great Barrington (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic 

road. 
Greensburg (Pa.) from the Pennsylvania Central road at 

Blairsville. 
Greenfield (Mass. ) from New Haven, by Northampton. 
Greenport (Long Island), from New York by Long Island 

road. 
Greenwich (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Hackensack (N. J.) by Erie road from New York. 
Hadley (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Hagerstown (Md.) by rail from Baltimore, or Harrisburg by 

Chambersburg. 
Hamilton (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Hdmmondsport (N. Y.) on Crooked Lake, (see this list.) 
Hannibal (Mo.) by rail from Springfield, 111. ; or by river 

from St. Louis. 
Hanover (N. H.) from White River Junction. 
Havana (Cuba) from New York by Atlantic Mail Steam- 
ers, every Thursday ; and by Vera Cruz Steamers, every 

10 days. 
Haydenville, (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 
Highgate Springs (Vt. ) from Rouse's Point. 
Bingham (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
Hinsdale (Vt.) opposite Brattleboro. 
Holmdel (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 

(see this list,) thence by stage. 
Holyoke (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Honesdale (Pa.) by rail from Lackawaxen, on Erie Road. 
Hoosac Tunnel (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Housatonic (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 
Houston (Texas) by rail from Galveston (see this list.) 
Howe's and BalVs Caves (N. Y.) from Schoharie (see this list) 
Ipswich (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 
Isle Royal (Mich.) by boat from Duluth 



282 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ithaca (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake (see this list.) 

Jacksonville (Florida) from Savannah. 

Jacksonville (111 ) by rail from Springfield. 

Jamaica (Long Island) from New York by Long Island road 

Jefferson City (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Jonesboro (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Kane (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia and 
Erie road. 

Kansas City, (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis, or from Omaha. 

Kearsarge Mountain (N. H.) from Concord by Northern 
New Hampshire road. 

Keerie (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg or Bellows Falls. 

Kenoska (Wis-) by rail from Chicago. 

Kent (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Key port (N. J.) by steamboat from New York. 

Killington Peak (Vt.) from Rutland. 

Knightstown (Ind.) by rail from Dayton (O.) or Indianapolis. 

Lafayette (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 

Lake Dunmore (Vt.) by stage from Brandon (see this list.) 

Lake Luzerne (N. Y.) from Saratoga. 

Lake Pleasant (N. Y.) from Amsterdam, New York Central 
road. 

Lake Temisconata (Canada) from Riviere du Loup by Grand 
Portage road. 

Lake TJmbagog (Me.) from Gorham, N. H. 

Lambertville (N. J.) from Trenton by Belvidere Delaware 
road. 

Lancaster (O.) by rail from Columbus or Zanesville. 

Lawrence, (Kansas) from Kansas City (see this list). 

Lawrenceburg (Ind.) by rail from Cincinnati. 

Leavenworth (Kansas), by rail from Kansas City (see this list.) 

LeT>anon (N- H.) from White River Junction. 

Lee (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Lehigh Water-Gap and Lehighton (Pa.) from Easton by Le- 
high Valley road. 



OFF-BO UTE AND MINOR PL A OES. 283 

Lenox (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road ; or from 
Albany by Boston and Albany road to Pittsfield. 

Lexington (Mo.) by rail from Sedalia and Jefferson City (see 
this list). 

Litchfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 

Little Bock (Ark.) by rail from Memphis, Term. 

Logan (0.) by rail from Columbus. 

London (0 ) by rail from Springfield. 

Long Branch (N. J.) route opening, and to all other places in 
near connection, by " All Rail Route," from Rahway on 
the New Jersey road. 

Ludlow (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

Mackinaw (Mich.) from Detroit, by boat. 

Manchester (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

Manchester (N. J. ) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 

Mancliesier (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

Mansfield (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

Marblehead (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

Marietta (O ) by rail from Wheeling. 

Martlia's Vineyard (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 

Martinsburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry. 

Martinsville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Massena Spnngs (Canada), from Louisville, on the St. Law- 
rence, near Prescott. 

Matawan (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 
(see this list), thence by stage. 

Mauch Chunk (Pa.) from Easton by Lehigh Valley road. 

Maysville (Ky.) by rail, or the Ohio river from Cincinnati. 

Meadville (Pa.) from Corry, Oil-Regions. 

Medford (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 

Middleboro (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Middleburg (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Middletown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 



284 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Middletown (Pa.) from Harrisburg. 

Milford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 

Milford (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

Minnesota Lakes (Minn.) from St. Paul. 

Missisquoi Springs (Vt.) from St. Albans, by stage. 

Mitchell (Ind.) by rail from Louisville. 

Mound City [and Mounds'] (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Monroe (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Montpelier (Vt.] from Burlington. 

Mount Desert [and Rock and Island] (Me.) by steamer from 

Boston, Portland or Bangor. 
Mount Diablo (Cal.) from San Francisco, by San Francisco 

and Oregon Railway, and connections. 
Mount Holly (N. J.) by rail from Camden or Burlington. 
Mount Holyoke (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Katdfidin (Me.) by stage from Bangor ; or partially by 

rail from same place. 
Mount Mansfield (Vt.) by carriage from Waterbury, (see this 

list.) 
Mount Tom (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Vernon (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven 

road. 
Mount Vernon (O ) by rail from Newark. 
Nantucket (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 
Narragansett Pier (R. I.) from Kingston, on Stonington and 

Providence road. 
Nassau (New Provicleuce) from New York, by Atlantic Mail 

steamers, irregularly. 
New Britain (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) op 

Providence. 
Newburg (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Newburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
New Egypt (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, Mt. Holly or 

Burlington. 
New Milford (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 285 

New Monmouth (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat 

and rail) from New York. 
New Orleans (La.) from New York by steamers, every Satur 

day or oftener. 
New Philadelphia (O.) by rail from Pittsburg. 
New Rochelle (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven road- 
Newtown, (L. I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 

Flushing railroad. 
Norfolk (Va.) from New York by steamer, every Saturday or 

oftener. 
Normal (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
North Adams (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, 

or from Boston, Albany or Troy by Troy and Boston 

roaa. 
North Derby (Vt.) from Lenoxville, Canada, by Massiwippi 

road. 
Northampton, (Mass.) by rail from New Haven. 
Northfield (Mass.) from New London by New London Northern 

road. 
Northfield (Vt.) from Burlington. 
Northumberland (Pa ) from Harrisburg by Northern Central 

road. 
Norwich (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Oceanport (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York ; or from Long Branch. 
Oshkosh (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 
Otsego Lake (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Otter Creek Falls (Vt.) from Vergennes (see this list.) 
Oxford (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Oxford (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Owasco Lake (N- Y.) from Auburn (see this list.) 
Parkesburg (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Perm. Central road. 
Parkersburg, (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeling, or from Colum- 
bus, O. 
Pasmmpsic (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Phanixville (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Reading road. 



886 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Patchogue (Long Island) from New York by South Side road 
Pemberton (N. J.) by rail from fiightstown, or from Camden, 

Burlington, or Long Branch. 
Penn Tan (N. Y.) by Northern Central road, from Elmira. 
Perth Amboy, (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Peru (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 
Pittsfield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, or from 

Albany or Boston by Boston and Albany road. 
Piedmont (W. Va.) by Bait, and Ohio road from Harper's 

Ferry. 
Plttsford (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Piqua (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Plainville (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Pontim (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
Pontiae (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Huron (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Kent (N. Y.) by boat on Lake Champlain, going to or 

from Burlington, Vt. 
Pottsville (Pa.) from Reading. 
Poultney (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Putney (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Quincy (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 
Racquette Regions (N. Y.) in connection with Adirondacks 

from Crown Point. 
Ravenna (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Readville (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 
Red Ba^k (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 

rail) from New York. 
RicevUle (N- J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Richfield Springs (N. Y.) from Sharon Springs ; or from Utica 

or Binghamton by the Utica, Chenango and Susquehan- 
na road. 
Richmond (Ind.) by rail from Xenia or Indianapolis. 
Ridley's Station (Vt.) from Essex Junction, (see this list.) 



OFF ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 287 

Richmond (Ya.) from New York by steamer every Saturday 
or oftener. 

Rio Janiero (Brazil) from New York by United States and 
Brazil steamers, 23rd of every month. 

Rockville (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

Rockville (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute. 

Royalton [and South'] (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sacketfs Harbor (N. Y.) by rail from Rome, on New York 
Central road. 

Saginaw (Mich.) [and East] by rail from Detroit. 

Salem (Ind ) by rail from Louisville. 

Salem (N. J ) by rail from Camden. 

Salem (N. Y.) by Troy and Boston road, from Troy. 

Salisbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Salisbury [East and Beach] (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

San Francisco (Cal.) from New York by Pacific Mail steam- 
ers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

San Rafael and San Quentin (Cal.) by boat from San Fran- 
cisco, and horse. 

Sault Ste. Mane (Mich.) [Rapids and Canal], by boat from De- 
troit. 

Savannah (Ga.) from New York by steamer several times a 
week. [Connection for Florida cities."] 

Schoharie (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Schuylkill Haven (Pa.) from Reading. 

Scotch Plains (N. J.) by New Jersey Central road from New 
York. 

Seabrook (N. H.) from Boston or Portsmouth. 

Sedalia (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Seneca Lake (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Cen- 
tral road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 

Seymour (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Shark River (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 



288 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Sharon (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sheboygan (Wis.) by rail from MilwauMe. 

Shelburne N. H. from Gorham. 

Shelburne Falls (Mass.) from North Adams. 

Shelbymlle (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Sheffield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Sheffield (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Shrewsbury (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Skeneateles (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Central 

road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Sorel (Canada), by steamer from Quebec. 
South Hadley (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
South Paris (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Squan [Beach] (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from 

New York to Shark River, thence stage. 
Squankum (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Stafford (Ct ) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Stanstead (Canada), from Newport, Lake Memphremagog, or 

from Lennoxville. 
St. Augustine (Florida), from Savannah, Ga. 
St. Charles (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Sterling (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 
Stillwater (Minn.) from St. Paul. 
St. John Falls (Canada), from Riviere du Loup or from 

Cacouna. 
St. Jehnsburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Stockbridge [and West] (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housa- 
tonic load. 
Stratford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Si. Thomas (W. I ) from New York by Brazil steamers, 23d 

of every month. 
Sunbury (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 283 

Superior City (Wis.) by boat from Detroit or Chicago. 

Sutherland Falls (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

TerryviUe (Ct,.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or Pro- 
vidence. 

Thetford (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 

Thompson (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 

Tfiunder Bay (Lake Superior) by boat from Duluth. 

Tiffin (Q.) by rail from Sandusky. 

Tolland (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

Towris River (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 

Topeka (Kansas) from Kansas city (see this list.). 

Troy (0.) by rail from Dayton. 

JJrbana (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

Valley Forge (Pa.) from Philadelphia, or from Reading. 

Vandalia (Ind.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Van Deutenville (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonio 
road. 

Vera Cruz (Mexico), from New York by Mexican mail steam- 
ers, every 10 days. 

Vergennts (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Vicksburg (Miss.) by river from New Orleans; or rail from 
Jackson. 

Waltham (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 

Warren (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 

Warren (R. (.) by rail from Providence. 

Warren (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 
and Erie road. 

Waterbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Watertown (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 

Waterville (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list,) or 
Providence. 

Waterville (Me.) by rail from Portland by Augusta. 

Watkins Glen (N. Y.) from Eimira, Erie road. 

Waukegan (111.) by rail from Chicago. 



290 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Waukesha (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukee. 

Wellsville (O ) by Ohio river from Pittsburg. 

West Burke (Vt ) by rail from Wells River. 

Westfield (Mass.) from New Haven cy Williamsburg road. 

Westminster (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

West Randolph (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burling- 
ton 

Weymouth (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 

White Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad irom New York. 

Wilkesbarre (Pa.) from Easton by Lehigh Valley. 

Williamsburg (Mass.) from New Haven by W. road. 

Williamstown (Mass.) from Albany, Troy or Boston, by Troy 
and Boston road. 

Williston (Vt.) from Essex Junction. 

Wittoughby Lake (Vt.) from West Burke, (see this list.) 

Wilmington (0.) by rail from Cincinnati. 

Winstead (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nan^atuck road. 

Woburn [East] (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 

Wolcotville (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Woodbury (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 

Woodstock (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Woodbridge (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 

Woonsocket (R. I.) by rail from Providence or Worcester. 

Wyandotte (Kansas,) opp. Kansas city (see this list). 

Wyandotte (Mich.) from Detroit. 

Wyoming (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul. 

Wyoming Valley (Pa.) from Scranton, by the Lackawanna 
and Bloomsburg road. 

Yankton (Dacotah), by the Missouri river from Sioux city. 

Yellow Springs (O.) by rail from Xenia or Cincinnati. 

York (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg. 



INDEX 



[riiACXS AND ROUTES. FOR PLACES THEMSELVES, SEE FIGURES IN HSATT 
TYPE J FOR PLACES NOT FOUND IN THIS INDEX, SEE " OFF- 
ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES," PRECEDING.] 



Acapulco, Mex., 273. 
Adirondack Mountains, 97, 100. 
Adrian, Mich.. 227, 235. 
Akron, Ohio, 210. 
Alameda (and Warm Springs), 

Cal., 271. 273. 
Albany. N. Y., 70. 
Albion, Mich., 235. 
Albion, N. Y. , 77. 
Alexandria, Ya., 183, 185, 195. 
Alkali, Neb., 269. 
Allegheny City, Pa., 200. 
Allegheny Mountains, 199. 
Allegheny Springs, Va., 195. 
Allcntown, Pa., 208. 
Alliance, O., 210. 
Altoona. Pa., 199. 
Alton Bay, N. H , 125, 129. 
AH on, 111., 224, 239, 261, 263. 
Alton, N. H., 129. 
Amador, Cai., 274. 
Amherst, Mass., 139. 
Ammonoosuc Falls, N. H., 134. 
Anchorage, Ky., 217. 
Andover. North, Mass, 124. 
Annapolis Junction. Md-, 171. 
Annapolis, Md., 168, 171. 
Ann Arbor, Mich., 235. 
Appomattox, Va., 195. 
Aquia Creek, Va., 183, 185. 
Argenta, Nev., 272. 
Arlington House, Va., 182. 
Arnprior, Can., 243. 
Arthabasca (Junction), Can,, 128, 

251. 
Ashland, Iowa, 263. 
Ashland. Ky.. 217. 
Aspen, Utah, 271. 
As pin wall, Cent. Amer., 273. 
Athens, N. Y., 70. 



Athens, O., 203. 
Atlanta, Ga., 191. 
Atlantic, Iowa, 264. 
Atlantic City, N. J., 150, 160. 
Attleburo, Mass., 110. 
Auburn, Cal.. 273. 
Auburn, N. Y., 76. 
Augusta, Ga., 191. 
Augusta, Me., 127. 
Au Sable River, N. Y., 100. 
Austin, Iowa, 238, 261, 262. 
Austin, Nev., 269. 
Australia (to), 273. 



Ballpton Spa, N. Y., 91. 

Baltimore, Md., 164, 198, 201— 
Fort McHenry, 165 — Monu- 
ments, 165 — Streets, 165— 
Pubiic Buildings, 166— Churches 
166— Lit. Inst., 166— Theatres, 
167— Hotels, 167— Cemeteries, 
167— Excursions. 168 — Longer 
Excursions, 168, 169, 170. 

Bangor, Me., 127. 

Barrytown, N. Y., 68. 

Batavia, N. Y., 77. 

Bathurst, N. B., 260. 

Battle Creek, Mich., 235. 

Battle Mountain, Nev., 272. 

Bay City, Mich., 240. 

Beauport, Can., 253. 

Beaverton, Can., 242. 

Becancour, Can., 128. 

Bedford Springs, Pa., 199. 

Bel- Air, Md , 168. 

Belle Air, O., 202. 

Belleville, Can., 243. 

Bellows Falls, Vt., 140. 

Belmont, Mo., 220. 

Belmont, Nev., 269. 



292 



INDEX, 



Beloit, Wis., 238. 

Berkeley Springs, Va„ 189a. 

Bergen Tunnel, N. J., 83. 

Berlin, Can., 232, 242. 

Bethlehem, N. H., 134. 

Bethlehem, Pa., 208. 

Beverley, N. J., 150. 

Biddeiord, Me., 125. 

Big Oak Flat Route, Cal., 276 A. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cal., 276a. 
276/z. 

Big Trees of Mariposa, Cal., 276£. 

Big Tunnel, Va , 195. 

Binghamton, N. Y., 76, 87. 

Bird's Point, Mo., 221. 

Birmingham, Pa., 200. 

Bismarck, Mo., 221. 

Bitter Creek, Wyo,, 271. 

iiiack River, Can., 128. 

Bladensburg, Md., 171. 

Blairsville, Pa., 200. 

Bloody Pond, N. Y., 95. 

Bloomington, 111., 224, 261, 262, 
263. 

Bloomsbury, N. J., 207. 

Boca, Cal., 273. 

Boise City, Idaho, 268, 269. 

Bonsack's, Va., 195. 

Boone, Iowa, 262. 

Boonton, N. J., 228. 

Bordentown, N. J., 148, 150, 
160. 

BOSTON, 107, 110, 115, 251— 
Streets, 117— Public Grounds, 
117 — Antiquities, 117 — Public 
Buildings, 118— Monuments, 119 
—Churches, 119 —Libraries and 
Lit. Inst., 119— Theatres, 120— 
Hotels, 120— Excursions, 120— 
Harvard University, 120— Wanh- 
inston Head Quarters, 121 — 
Mount Auburn Cemetery, 121— 
Longer Excursions, 121, 122. 

Bothwell, Can., 232. 

Bound Brook, N. J., 206. 

Bowling Green, Ky., 219. 

Bowmanville, Can , 242. 

Bradford, Mass., 124. 

Branch Intersection. Pa., 198. 

Branchvilie, S. C, 191. 

Brandy wine Greek, Pa., 162. 

Brattleboro, Vt. , 140. 

Breckenridge, Minn., 239. 

Bridgeport. Ct., 103. 

Bridgeton, N. J., 150, 159. 

Brighton, Cal., 274. 

Brighton, Mass., 107. 



Bristol. Pa., 148. 

Bristol, Tenn., 195. 

Brockport, N. Y., 77 

Brockville, Can., 24b. 

Brooklyn connection with New 
York)— Streets, 47 — Churches, 
50— Public Buildings, 51 — Hotela 
53— Theatres, 54— Churches for 
Service, 54 — Public Grounds, 55, 
57— Prospect Park, 57 — Green- 
wood Cemetery, 57— Excursions 
57, 58— Navy Yard, 58. 

Brown's, Can., 246. 

Brown University, 109, 

Bryan, Wyo., 271. 

Buckingham, Can., 246. 

Bucyrus, O. , 210. 

Budd's Lake, N. J., 60, 228. 

Buffalo, N. Y., 89, 232, 234, 
240. 

Buford, Wyo., 270. 

Bull Run (Battle-fleld\ Va., 183. 

Bulstrode, Can., 128, 251. 

Bureau, 111.. 263. 

Burkevilie (Junction), Va., 195. 

Burliogton, Iowa, 215, 238, 239, 
261,263,264. 

Burlington, N. J.. 150, 160. 

Burlington, Vt., 100, 101, 140. 

Bush River Bridge, Md., 164 

C. 

Cacouna, Can., 255. 
Cairo, 111., 194, 205, 216, 220. 
Caldwell, N. Y., 95. 
Caledonia, N, Y., 77. 
Caledonia Springs, Can., 246. 
California Junction, Iowa, 264, 265. 
Caliicoon, N. Y., 86. 
Calistoga (Springs), Cal., 276Z. 
Camden, N. J., 148, 150, 159. 
Camel's Hump Mountain, Vt., 100. 
Canandaigua, N. Y., 77. 
Canton, 0., 210. 
Cape Cod, Mass., 122. 
Cape Elizabeth, Me., 125. 
Cape Mav, N. J., 150. 160. 
Cape Rouge, Can., 253. 
Cape Vincent, N. Y., 243. 
Carbon, W,o., 266. 
Carbondale, Pa., 270. 
Carillon, C.n., 246. 
Carleton Place, Can., 243, 246. 
Carlin, Nev., 272. 
Carlisle, Pa , 198. 
Carson, Nev., 269. 



INDEX. 



293 



Carter, Utah, 271. 
Cascade Bridge, N. Y M 87. 
Casey, Iowa, 264. 
Castie Rock, Utah, 271. 
Castleton, N. Y„ 70. 
Castleton, Vt., 101. 
Catawissa, Pa., 209. 
Catskill Landing, ]S. Y., 68. 
CatskiU Mountain House, 69. 
Cave City, Ky., 218. 
Cayuga, N. Y., 77. 
Cedar Rapids, Iowa, 215, 238, 261, 

263. 
Central City, Col., 266. 
Centre Harbor, N. H., 102, 130, 

138. 
Chambersb^rg, Pa., 183, 198. 
Champaign, III., 224. 
Charles CHy, Iowa, 238. 
Charleston, Mo., 221. 
Charleston, S. C, I8s, 189. 
Charjestown, Va., 1896. 
Charlotte Town, P. E. I., 259. 
Charlottesville, Va., 183, 195. 
Chatham, Can., 232. 
Chattanooga, Tenn., 191, 196. 
Chaudiere, Junction, Can., 128, 

254, 255, 256. 
Chaudiere Falls, Can., 244, 253. 
Chelsea, Mass., 122. 
Chenoa, 111., 224. 
Cherry Valley, N. Y., 74. 
Chester, N. J., 228. 
Chester, Pa., 162. 
Chester, Va., 186. 
Cheyenne, Wyo.,270, 274. 
Chicago, 111., 201, 205, 212, 220, 

223, 225, 227, 234, 236, 238, 239. 
Chicamauga, Tenn., 196. 
China (to), 273. 
Chinese Camp, Cal., 274. 
Cincinnati, O., 201, 202, 204, 

205, 210, 216, 221, 223, 227. 
Claremont, Vt., 140. 
Clearfield, Pa., 199. 
Cleveland, O., 201, 202, 203, 205, 

210, 216, 226, 240. 
Clinton, Iowa, 261. 
Clyde, N. Y., 77. 
Clyde, O., 227. • 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania, 

207, 268, 229. 
Coatesville, Pa., 197. 
Coburg, Can., 242. 
Cohoes Falls, N. Y, 71. 
Colborne, Can., 243. 
Cold Spring, N. Y., 66. 



Colfax, Cal., 273. 
Collins' Bay, Can., 243, 
Colmar, Iowa, 238. 
Coloma, Cal., 270. 
Columbia, Ind., 211. 
Columbia, Pa., 198. 
Columbia, S. C, 188, 191. 
Columbia Springs (route to), 70. 
Columbus, Ky., 220. 
Columbus, O., 202, 210, 227. 
Columbus, Neb., 269. 
Communipav.% N. J., 206. 
Como, Cau., 247. 
Coney Island, N. Y., 58. 
Concord, Mass., 123, 136. 
CONCORD, N. H., 124, 125, 137. 
Conemaugh Station, Pa., 199. 
Contra Costa, Cal., 273. 
Conway, N. H., 102, 129, 131, 

138. 
Conway Valley, N. H., 130. 
Coopen-town, N. Y., 74. 
Corinne, Utah, 272. 
Corning, N. Y., 77, 88. 
Cornwall Landing, N. Y, 66. 
Corry, Pa., 89, 198, 226, 230. 
Coshocton, O., 202, 227. 
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 363, 264. 
Covington, Ky., 204, 217. 
Coxsackie, N. Y.. 70. 
Coultersville Route, Cal., 276i. 
Crawford House, N. H. t 133. 
Cresson, Pa., 199. 
Cres'line, O., 210. 
Creston, Wyo.,271. 
Crisfield. Md., 163. 
Croton River, N. Y., 63. 
Culpepper, Va., 183. 
Cumberland, Md., 170, 201. 

D. 

Dan vers, No., Mass., 124. 
Danville, Can., 128. 
Danville Junction, Me., 127. 
Darien, Ct., 103. 
Davenport, Iowa. 239, 263. 
Dayton, O., 204, 210, 211, 227. 
Delaware Water Gap, 60, 160, 

207 229. 
Dennison, O., 202. 
Denver, Col., 274, 276m. 
Deposit, N. Y., 86. 
Des Moines, Iowa, 215, 262, 264. 
Detroit, Mich., 210, 211, 216, 227, 

233 240. 
Devirs*Gate'. Utah, 271. 



294 



INDEX. 



Dexter, Iowa, 264. 
Dixon, 111., 261. 
Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., 63. 
Dorsev. Md., 171. 
Doucet's Lauding, Can., 128. 
Dover, Del., 163. 
Dover, N. J., 228. 
Dover, N. EL, 125, 129, 137. 
Downi^vilie Cal., 270. 
Downington, Pa., 197. 
Drakesville, N. J., 228. 
Dresden Junction, O., 202. 
Dubuque, Iowa, 239, 261. 
Dululh, Minn., 238, 240. 
Dundas, Can., 232* 
Dunkirk, N. Y., 89. 226. 
Dunleith, Iowa, 261. 
Dunville, Can., 232. 
Durham, N. H., 125. 

Easton, Pa., 160, 207, 229. 
East Penn. Junction, Pa., 208. 
Eatontown, N. .!., 59. 
Ebensburg, Pa., 199. 
Echo Cauon (and City), Utah, 271. 
Echo Lake. N. H., 141. 
Etnugham, lnd., 2056, 225. 
Elgin, 111., from Chicago, 212 to 216. 
Elizabeth City, Va., 169. 
Elizabeth, N. J., 59, 145, 197, 

206. 
Elizabethport, N. J., 149, 2C6. 
Elk Grove, Cal., 274. 
Elkhar, Inu., 227. 
Elkhorn, Neb., 268 
Elkhorn, Wis.. 237. 
Elko, Nev., 272 
Elkton,Md., 163. 
Ellicott's Mills, Md., 170. 
Ellis, Cal., 271. 
Elmira, N. Y., 88, 198. 
Eminence, Ky., 217. 
Emporium, Pa., 230. 
Efiglewood, 111., 262. 
Erie Canal, 74. 

Erie, Pa., 198, 201, 226, 230, 240. 
Essex Junction, Vt., 101. 
EvauSton, Utah, 271. 
Evansvilie, lnd., 219. 
Exeter, N. H., 125. 

F. 

Fairfax Court-House, Va., 183, 
Fall River, Mass., 113, 114. 



Falls of the Ammonoosuc, N. H., 

134. 
Falls of the Chaudiere, Can., 244. 

253. 
Fails of Cohoes, N. Y., 71. 
Falls oft ie Genesee, N. Y., 77. 
Falls, Glen Edis, N. H., 131. 
Fads, Glenn'*, N. Y., 95. 
Falls, Kauterskiil, N. Y., 69. 
Fall* of Minnehaha, Minn., 239. 
Falls of Niagara, 77,78, 242. 
Falls, Passaic, 59, 84. 
Falls of the Potomac, D. C, 182. 
Falls, Rideau, Can., 244, 245. 
Falls of the feawkiil, N. Y„ 86. 
Falls of St. Anne, Can.. 247. 
Falls of St. Anthony, Minu., 239. 
Falls of I renton, N. Y., 75. 
Falls of the Yo Semite, Cal., 275. 
Farmington, N. H., 129. 
Fishkill Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Fitchburg, Mass., 140. 
Flemington, N. J., 207. 
Florence, S. C, 189. 
Florin, Cal.. 274. 
Flume, The (and House), N. H. t 

142. 
Fonda. N. Y., 74. 
Foiest, O., 210. 
Fort Bridger, Utah, 267. 
Fort Dodge, Iowa. 262, 264 
Fort Hamilton, N. Y., 58. 
Fort Howard, Wis., 261. 
Fort Massasauga, Can., 257. 
Fort Niagara, N. Y., 257. 
Fort Plain, N. Y., 74, 
Fort Saunders, Wyo., 270. 
Fort Schuyler, N. Y., 111. 
Fort Sedgwick, Neb., 265. 
Fort Snefling, Minn., 239. 
Fort Washington, Va., 185. 
Fort Wayne, lnd-, 201, 211,224, 

227, 235. 262. 
Fortress Monroe, Va., 169. 
Four Lakes, Wis., 238. 
Foxboro, Mass., 110. 
Framingham, Mass., 107. 
Franconia Notch, N. H., 134. 
Frankford, Pa., 148. 
Franklinton, Md., 168. 
Frederick. Md., 170. 
Fredericsbnrg, Va., 185. 
Fredericton, N, B., 259. 
Freehold, N. J... 149. 
Freeport, 111., 237, 261, 263. 
Freeport, Pa., 200. 
Fremont, O., 227. 



INDEX. 



295 



Fremont, Neb., 208. 
Frenchman's Bay, Can., 242. 



Galena, 111., 239. 
Gait, Cal.,276&. 
Galveston, Texas, 192, 194. 
Gananoque, Can., 243. 
Garrison's Landing, N. Y., 64. 
Gatineau River, Can., 245. 
Genesee Falls, N. Y., 77. 
Geneva, N. Y., 77. 
Genoa, 111., 237. 
Georgetown, Cal., 270. 
Georgetown, I). C, 1S2. 
Ceorgeiown, Mass., 124. 
German town. Pa., 159. 
Geysers, The. Cal., 276A:, 27 63. 
Girard, Pa., 226. 
Glen Allen, Mo., 221. 
Gleucoe, Can., 232. 
Glen Cove, L. I., 61. 
Glen Ellis Fails, N. H., 131. 
Glen House, N. H., 131. 
Glenn"s Kails, N. Y., 95. 
Goderich, Can., 232. 240. 
Golden Citv, Cal.. 266. 
Gold Hill, Nev., 269 
Go>d>n. Va., 1896/. 189g. 
Gordonsville. Va., 183. 186. 189</. 
Gorhani, N. U.. 102, 187,251. 
Gosport Navy Yard, Va., 169. 
Grarron. Mass., 107. 
Grand Haven, Mich., 227, 235. 
Grand Island, Neb., 269. 
Grand Junction, Iowa, 262. 
Grand Rapids, Mich., 235. 
Granger, Utah, 267. 
Granite < anon. Wvo.. 270. 
Grass Valley, Cal. , 270. 
Great American De-ert. 268. 
Great Bend, N. Y., 87, 229. 
Great Falls. N. H., 125. 
Great Nevada Sandy I >esert, 269. 
Great Salt Lake, Utah, 268. 
Green Bay, Wis . 215, 261. 
Greenbush, N. Y., 70 
Greenfield, Mas*?., 140. 
Greenport, L. I., 61. 
Green River. Wyo., 271. 
Greensboro, N. C , 188. 
Greensburg, Pa., 200. 
Greenwich, East, it. 1., 109. 
Greenwood Lake. N. Y., 85. 
Grenville, Can., 246. 



Greycourt, N. Y., 85. 
Grimsby, Can., 231. 
Grinneli, Iowa, 263. 
Groton, Ct., 10S. 

Groton Junction, Mass., 136, 140. 
Grout's Corners, Mass., 140. 
Guelph, Can., 232, 242. 
Gunpowder '[Liver Bridge, Md., 
164 

H. 

Hackettstown. N. J., 60, 228. 

Ha Ha Bay, Can., 256. 

Halifax, N. S., 250, 259. 

Hamilton, Can.. 231, 241. 

Hamilton, O., 210. 

Hampton Junction. N. J., 207, 228. 

Hampton, N. H., 125. 

Hampton and Koads), Va , 169. 

Hancock, N. Y., 86. 

Hannibal, Mo., 239. 

Hanover, Md., 171. 

Hanover, Va., Ib3. 

Harper's Ferry, W. Va., 170, 171, 

183, 189,201. 
Hahtford, *:t., 105. 
Harrinonturg, Va., 189c. 
Harrisbukg, Pa., 160, 163, 198, 

209. 
Harvard University, 120. 
llaveriall., Mass., 124. 
Havana, Cuba, 194. 
Havre de Grace, Md., 162, 163. 
Hawkesbury, Can., 246. 
Hazard, Wyo., 270. 
Hazleton, Pa., 209. 
Helena, Nev.. 268. 
Henderson, Ky., 219. 
Herkimer, N. Y., 74. 
Hermitage, the, Tenn., 219. 
Hickford Junction, Va., 189. 
Highlands of Navesink, 59. 
Highlands of ihe Hudson, 63. 
Hightstown, N. J.. 150. 
Hillsdale, Mich.. 227. 
Hillsdale, Wyo., 270. 
Hoboken, N. J., 58. 
Homewood. Pa., 210. 
Honesdale, Pa., 229. 
Hoosic Tunnel, Mass., 138. 
Horicon, Wis., 237. 
Hornellsville. N. Y., 89. 
Hudson, Can., 247. 
Hudson, N. Y., 70. 
Hvannis, Mass., 122. 
Hyde Park, N. Y., 67. 



296 



INDEX. 



I. 

Indiana, Pa., 200. 

India (to), 273. 

Indianopolis, Ind.. 205a. 218, 

223. 
lone City, Cal., 274. 
Iowa City, Iowa, 263. 
Island Pond, 127, 251, 253, 255. 
Isle of Shoals, N. H., 125. 
Iron Mountain, Mo., 221. 
Ironton, Mo., 221. 
Irvineton, Pa., 230. 
Ithaca, N. Y., 88. 

J. 

Jackson, Cal , 274. 
Jackson, Mien., 235. 
Jackson, Miss., 194. 
Jacksonville, 111., 224. 
Jamaica, L. I., 61. 
Jamesburg, N. J., 149. 
Jamestown (ruins), Va., 169. 
Janesville, Wis., 215, 237. 
Japan (to), 273. 
Jefferson City, Mo., 223. 
Jeffersonville, Ind , 218, 
Jersey City, N. J., 144, 197. 
Johnsonville, Tenn., 220. 
Johnstown, Pa., 199. 
Joliet, 111., 224, 262. 
Jonesville, Mich., 227. 
Julesburg, Neb., 269. 

K. 

Kalamazoo, Mich., 227, 234, 235. 
Kauterskill Falls. 69. 
Kearney (and Fort; Neb., 269. 
Keene, N. H., 140. 
Keeseville, N. Y„ 100. 
Kelton, Utah, 272. 
Kenosha, Wis., 237. 
Kennebunk, Me., 125. 
Kensington, Pa., 148. 
Keokuk, Iowa, 239, 261, 262, 264. 
Kinderhook, N. Y., 70. 
Kiugston, Can., 243, 257. 
Kingston, N. Y., 67. 
Kingsville, S. C, 191. 
Kittery, Maine, 125. 
Knoxville, Tenn., 188, 195, 219. 
Komoka, Can., 232. 

L. 

Lachine, Can., 247. 
Lactone Rapids, Can., 250. 



Lackawaxen, N. Y., 89. 

Li Crosse, Wis., 239. 

Lafayette.. Ind., 211. 

Lafayette College, 208. 

Lagrange, Ky., 217. 

Lake Champlain, 99. 

Lake Donner, Cal., 276/. 

Lake George, 95. 

Lake Hopaicong. 60, 228. 

Lake Mahopac, 60. 

Lake Memphremagog, Can., 12T„ 

138, 140. 
Lake Pepin, Minn., 239. 
Lake Ponchartrain, La., 194. 
Lake Simcoe, Can., 242. 
Lake St. Charles, Can., 253, 254. 
Lake St. Clair, 233. 
Lake St. Louis, Can., 247. 
Lake St. Peter, Can.. 128. 
Lake Superior, 215, 240. 
Lake Superior Copper Regions, 

240. 
Lake Superior Iron Regions, 240. 
Lake Tahoe, Cat., 276/. 
Lake Winnepesaukie, 125, 129* 
Lake of the Two Mountains, Can., 

247. 
Lambertville, N. J., 207. 
Lamokin Junction, Pa., 162. 
Lancaster, Pa., 160, 197. 
L'Ance a l'Eau, Can., 255. 
Lanesborougli, N. Y., 87. 
Lansing, Mich., 235. 
Lansingburgh, N. Y. f 71, 
Laporte, Ind., 227. 
La Prairie, Can., 100. 
Laramie, Wyo., 270. 
La Salle, 111., 263. 
Lathrop, ral., 273, 276a. 
Laurel, Md., 171. 
Lawrence, Mass., 122, 124, 18*. 
Lawrence ville, Pa , 200. 
Lawton, Mich., 236. 
Lazaretto, The, Pa., 162. 
Lebanon, Pa., 198, 209. 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y., 70. 
Leesburg, Va., 183. 
Leetonia, O., 210. 
Lennoxville, Can., 135. 
Le Roy. N-. Y., 77. 
Lewes, Del., 163. 
Lewiston, N. Y., 242, 257. 
Lewiston, Pa., 199. 
Lexington, Ky., 217. 
Lexington, Va., 189/ 
Lima O., 211, 227. 
Lincoln, 2s eb., ^62. 



INDEX. 



297 



L'Islet, Can.. 254. 

Little Falls, N. Y., 74. 

Little Rock, Ark., 220. 

Littleton, N. H., 102, 139, 140. 

Lock Haven, Pa., 199, 230, 

Lockport, N. Y., 77. 

Logansport, Incl., 211, 224, 227. 

London, Can., 232. 

London, 0., 203. 

Long Branch, N. J., 59, 149, 150, 

161. 
Long Sault Rapids, Can., 246. 
Lookout Mountain, 196. 
Lorette, Can., 253. 
L'Original, Can., 246. 
Louisville, Ky., 211, 217, 221. 
Lovelan-), 0., 204. 
Lowell, Mass., 121, 124, 136. 
Lundy's Lane, Can., 81. 
Lyme, Cr., 108. 
Lyme, E. & S., Ct., 108. 
Lynn, Mass., 121, 122 
Lynchburgh, Va., 189^, 195. 
Lyons, N. Y., 77. 

M. 

Macon, Ga., 191. 

Madison, N. J., 228. 
Madison, Wis., 215, 237, 261. 
Major's, Can , 246. 
Maiden, N, Y., 68. 
Maiden (So.) Mass., 122. 
Mallory Town, Can.. 243. 
Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, 218. 
Manassas Junction, Va., 183, 195. 
Manchester, N. H., 124, 137. 
Mankato, Minn., 238. 
Mansfield, Mass., 110. 
Mansfield, O , 210. 
Mantua Junction, Pa., 197. 
Manunkachunk, N. J„ 228, 229. 
Marietta, O., 204. 
Mariposa Route, Cal., 276fc. 
Marshall, Iowa, 262. 
Marshall, Mich., 235. 
Martinsburg, Va.. 189a. 
Martha's Vineyard, Mass., 123. 
Marquette, Lake Superior, 240. 
Marysviile, Cal., 270, 273. 
Mason City, Iowa, 262, 263. 
Massillon, O., 210. 
Mast Hope, N. Y., 86. 
McGregor, Iowa, 238. 
McKenzie, Tenn , 220. 
McPherson (and Fort), Neb., 269. 
Medford, Mass., 124. 



Medina, N. Y., 77. 

Memphis Junction, Ky.. 219. 

Memphis, Tenn., 194, 196, 219, 220. 

Mendota, III., 263. 

Mendota Junction, Minn.. 238. 

Meredith Village, N. H., 101, 138. 

Meriden, Ct.. 105. 

Meridian, Miss., 196. 

Merrimac River and Valley, 138. 

Michigan City. Mich., 236. 

Middlebury, Yt.,101. 

Middletown, N. Y., 85. [104, 108. 

MiddMown, (and Portland), Ct., 

Milford, Va., 186. 

Miliville, N. J., 150. 

Milton, Pa., 229. 

Millboro, Va., l&9e. 

Milroy, Pa., 199. 

Milwaukie, Wis., 215, 237, 239, 

261. 
Mineral Point, Mo., 221. 
Mingo Junction, O.. 202. 
Minneapolis, Minn., 238. 
Minnehaha, Min.. 238. 
Mississippi, Mouths of, 194. 
Missouri Valley Junction, Iowa, 

262. 
Mobile, Ala., 193, 196. 
Modesta, Cal., 275. 
Mohawk Valley, N. Y., 73. 
Mokelumne Hill. Cal., 216k. 
Monmouth Junction, N. J., 149. 
Monocacy (and Valley), Md., 170. 
Monroeville, O., 227. 
Monson, Mass., 139. 
Monterey, Cal., 273. 
Montgomery, Ala., 191, 198, 

220. 
Monticello, Va., 183. 
Montmorenci, Falls of, Can., 263. 
Montpelier, Vt., 140. 
Montreal, Can., 138, 242, 243, 

244, 245, 247, 253, 255, 257. 
Moosehead Lake, 127. 
Moreau Station, N. Y., 95. 
Morrison, 111., 261. 
Morristown, N. J., 60, 338. 
Morrow, O., 204. 
Moscow, Iowa, 263. 
Mound City, 111., 220. 
Mount Holly, N. J., 150. 
Mount Hope, R. I., 113, 114. 
Mt. Joy, Pa., 198 
Mt. Lafayette, N. H., 141, 143. 
Mt. Mansfield, Vt., 100. 
Mountain of Rigaud, The, Canu, 

246. 



298 



INDEX. 



Mount Vernon, Va., 184, 185. 
Mount Washington, N. H., 131, 

132 
Mount Webster, N. II., 133. 
Mount Willard, N. H., 133. 
Murray Bay, Can., 254. 
Muscatine, Iowa, 263. 
Mystic, Ct., 109. 

N. 

Nahant, Mass, 121. 

Napanee, Can., 243. 

Narrowsburg, N. Y., 86. 

Nashville. Tenn., 191, 219. 

Nashua, Mass.. 122, 124. 

Natick, Mass., 107. 

Natural Bridge, Va., 189/, 195. 

Nauvoo, 111, 239. 

Nebraska City, Neb., 262. 

Nevada, Cal , 270. 

New Alma den Mines, Cal., 273. 

Newark, N. J., 59, 144, 197, 228. 

Newark, 0., 202. 

New Baltimore. N. Y., 70. 

New Bedford, Mass., 122. 

New Brighton, S. I., 59. 

New Brunswick, N. J., 146, 
197. 

New Buffalo. Mich., 236. 

Newburgh, N. Y„ 67. 

Newburyport, Mass., 124. 

Newcastle (and Junction), Del., 
163. 

Newcastle, Pa., 210. 

New Durham, N. H., 129. 

New Haven, Ct., 104, 107. 

New Lisbon, , 210. 

New London, Ct., 108, 114, 136, 
139. 

Newmarket Junction. N. H., 125 

Newmarket, N. IL, 125. 

New Orleans, La., 192, 196, 
223, 239. 

Newport. Ky . 204. 

Newport, R. I., ill. 

Newport, Vt., 138, 140. 

Newton, N J., 228. 

New York City, 42— Ilarbor. 42 
— Streets, 46 — Museums, 47— 
Libraries, 47— Public Galleries. 
47— Educational Institutions, 48 
—Monuments, 49— Antiquities, 
49— Churches, 49— Public Build- 
ings, 50— Commercial Buildings, 
61— Private Dwellings, 52— Hotel 
Buildings (Hotels;, 53— Theatres, 



53— Churches for Service, 64— 
Public Grounds, 55, 66. 57— Cen- 
tral Park, 56— Excursions, 68 to 
61 — High Bridge, 57 — Jerome 
Park, 57— Longer Excursions, 
59. 

Niagara Falls, 77, 78, 242. 

Niagara (Village), N. Y., 257. 

Niles, Cal., 273. 

Niles, Mich., 236. 

Noriolk, Va., 163 168. 

Norristown, Pa., 160. 

North Adams, Mass., 140.. 

North Bend, Neb., 268. 

North Platte, Neb., 269. 

Norwalk, Ct., 103. 

Norwich, Ct., 114, 136, 13». 

O. 

Oak Hill, N. Y., 68. 

Oakland, Cal, 273, 276a. 

Oakville, Can., 241. 

Oberlin, O., 227. 

Ogallala, Neb, 269. 

Ogden, Utah, 272, 275. 

Ogdensburgb, N. Y., 76, 244, 246 

258. 
Oil City, Pa., 201, 230. 
Oil Region-, Pa., 89, 201, 226, 230. 
Old Man of the Mountain, N. n., 

141. 
Old Point Comfort, Ya , 169. 
Oleopo'is. Pa., 230. 
Omaha, Neb., 216, 223, 262, 26 5 » 

273. 
Ontonagon, Lake Superior, 240. 
Orange Court House, Va., 183. 
Orange, N. J., 228. 
Oregon City, Oregon, 273. 
Orient, L. I., 61. 
Orleans, Island of, Can., 254. 
Oroville, Cat., 273. 
Orviile, O., 210. 
Osino, Nev., 272. 
Oswego N. Y.. 76. 
Otsego Lake, N. Y., 74, 
Ottawa, Can , 243, 244, 250, 258. 
Ottumwa. Iowa, 262. 264. 
Overleok Mountain House, 67. 
Owatona, Minn., 238. 
Owego, N. Y., 88. 

P. 

Paducah (and Junction), Ky., 220. 
Painesville, Pa. 226. 



INDEX. 



299 



Palatine Bridge, N. Y., 74. 

Palisade, Nev., 272. 

Palisades, the Hudson, 63. 

Palmer, Mass., 106, 139. 

Palmyra, N. Y., 77. 

Panama. Cent Amer., 273. 

Paradise, Idaho, 269. 

Paris, Can.. 232. 

Parma, Mich., 235. 

Passaic Falls. 59. 84. 

Paterson, N. J., 58, 83. 

Pawtucket, R. I., 110. 

Peaks of Otter. Va., 195. 

Pekin, 111., 224. 

Pemberton, N. J., 150. 

Pbjsacola, Fla., 192. 

Peoria, 111., 211, 224, 263. 

Pequop. Nev., 272. 

Percy, Wyo.,270. 

Perth Amboy, N. J., 149. 

Peterboro, Can., 243. 

Petersburg, Va.. 189. 

Petrolia, Can., 232. 

PHrLADELPniA. Pa . 151-Streets, 
152— Public Buildings, 153— An- 
tiquities. 154 — Public Grounds, 
154 — Fairmount, ] 54 — Churches, 
156 — Libraries, 156 — Theatres, 
etc., 157— Hotels, 157 — Excur- 
sions, 157— Navy Yard, 157— 
Arsenals, 158 — Laurel Hill Ceme- 
tery, 158— The Wissahickon. 158 
— Germantown. 159— Red Bank 
and Fort Mifflin, 159— Penn's 
Rock, 159— Falls of the Schuyl- 
hill, 159 — Longer Excursions, 
160. 

Philipsburg. N. J., 207. 

Pictou, N. S., 260. 

Pictured Rocks, Lake Superior, 
240. 

Piermont, N. Y., 63. 

Pike's Peak, Col., 266. 

Pilot Knob., Mo., 221. 

Pine Bluffs Neb., 270. 

Pinkham Notch, N. H., 131. 

Piihole (and Creek) Pa., 230. 

Pittsburg, Pa., 170, 200, 202, 
226, 262. 

Pittsfield, Mass.. 139. 

PMston, Pa., 208, 229. 

Placerville. Cal., 270. 

Plainfleld, Ct . 115. 

Pla<nfield N.J., 206. 

Plattsburg, N. Y., 99. 

Plum Creek, Neb., 269. 

Plymouth, lnd., 211. 



Plymoutn, Mas*., 122. 
Plymouth, N. H., 138. 
Plymouth, Wis., 238. 
Pointe-aux- Anglais. Can.. 247. 
Point Levi, Can., 128, 251, 254. 
Point of Rocks, Md.. 170, 189. 
Point St. Charles, Can., 249, 250. 
Pollard, Ala., 192. 
Pond Creek, 111., 263. 
Portage City. Wis , 237. 
Portasre, N. Y., 89. 
Port Deposit, Md., 162. 
Port Hope, Can., 242. 
Port Huron, Mich., 234. 
Pore Jervis, N. Y., 85. 
Portland, Me., 102, 126, 250, 

251, 253, 255. 
Portland, Oregon, 268, 273. 
Port Sarnia, Can , 232. 
Portsmouth, N. H., 125, 137. 
Portsmouth, Va., (Naval Depot), 

169. 
Port Stanley, Can., 232. 
Potomac Falls, D. C, 182. 
Potosi, Mo., 221. 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 67. 
Prairie du Chien, Wis., 215, 238. 

239. 
Prescott, Can.. 243, 245, 258. 
Princeton, N. J., 147. 
Profile House, N. H., 134, 139, 140* 

141. 
Promontory Point, Utah, 272. 
Providence, R. I., 109, us. 
Pnt-in-Bay Islands, (Lake Erie), 

234. 
Putnam, Ct., 115. 



Quebec, Can., 128, 138, 250, 351, 

255, 256. 
Queenston, Can., 81, 257. 
Quincy, 111 , 224, 263 

R. 

Racine, Wis., 237. 

Rah way, N. J., 146, 197. 

Raleigh, N. C, 189. 

Ramapo Gap and Valley, N. J., 

85. 
Ramsey, Minn., 238. 
Reading, Mass.. 124. 
Reading, Pa., 197, 198, 208, 209, 

229. 
Read ville, Mass., 110. 



800 



INDEX. 



Red Bank, N. J., 59. 

Red Wing, Minn., 239. 

Reno, Nev., 273. 

Renovo, Pa., 230. 

Rhinebeck, N Y , 67. 

Rice Lake, Can., 243. 

Richmond, Can , 128, 251, 253, 255. 

Richmond, 0., 204. 

Richmond, Va., 169, 183, 186, 

205. 
Rideau Falls, Can., 244, 245. 
Ridgeway Junction, N. C, 189. 
Riviere du Loup, Can., 128, 251, 

253, 254, 256. 
Rochester, N. H., 125, 129 
Rochester, N. Y.. 77. 
Rochester, Pa., 202, 210. 
Rockaway, N. J., 228. 
Rockbridge Springs and Baths, 

Va., 189e. 189/. 
Rock Island, lil.,225, 239,261,263. 
Rockland Lake, 63. 
Rome, N. Y., 76, 
Rondout, N. Y., 67. 
Rouse's Point, Vt., 100, 140, 

244, 250. 

IROUTES * 

No. 1.— Northern. New York to 
West Point, Catskill, Albany, 
Troy, Utica, Trenton Falls, Ro- 
chester and Niagara Falls— 62 
to 82. 

No. 2.— Northern. New York to 
Paterson, Upper Delaware, Up- 
per Susquehanna, Binghamton, 
Elmira, BufMo and Niagara 
Falls (Erie Railway)— 83 to 90. 

No. 3.— Northern. New York to 
Albany, Saratoga, Lake George, 
Adirondack Mountains, Lake 
Champlain, Vermont cities, and 
Montreal— 91 to 103. 

j$o. 4— Eastern. New York to 
New Haven. Hartford, Spring- 
field, Providence, Newport, 
New London, Stonington and 
Boston (options)— 103 to 123. 

No. 5. — Eastern Boston to Ports- 
mouth. Portland, White Moun- 
tains, Quebec or Montreal — 124 
to 128. 

No. 6.— Northern and Eastern. 
Boston to Lake Winnepesaukie, 
White Mountains, Portland and 
Canadian cities — 129 to 135. 

No. 7.~Northern and Eastern. 
New York to New London, 



Norwich, Worcester, New 
Hampshire cities, Lake Win- 
nepesaukie and the White Moun- 
tains— 136 to 143. 

No. 8.— Near Western. New York 
to New Jersey cities and Phila- 
delphia— 144 to 161. 

No. 9.— Western and Southern. 
Philadelphia xo Wilm'n (Del.), 
Bait., Wash'n and Richm'd— 162 
■to 188. 

No. 9>£.— Special Virginian. Bait, 
or Wash'n to Virginia Springs, 
Mountains, &c, to Lynchburg 
and Richin'd— 189 to 189?. 

No. 10.— South- Wpstern. Richm'd 
to Raleigh, Wilm'n (N. C), 
Charleston, Atlanta, Mont?., 
Mobile and N. 0.-189^ to 194. 

No. 11.— South-Western. Rich- 
mond to Lynchburg, Knoxville,. 
Chattanooga, Mobile and New 
Orleans— 195 to 196. 

No. 12.— Western. New York or 
Philadelphia to Harrisburg, 
Pittsburg, Wheeling, Columbus 
Cincinnati, St. Louis or Chica- 
go, (Penn. R. R.) 197 to 205. 

No. 13. — Western. New York to 
Plainfield, Somervllle, Eastoii. 
Allentown, Harrisburg, Pitts- 
burg, Fort Wayne and Chicago, 
(Allentown Route)— 206 to 216. 

No. 14. — Wes.ern. Cincinnati to 
Louisville, Mammoth Cave of 
Ky., Nashville, Cairo, St. Louis,. 
and Chicago— 217 to 225. 

No, 15.— Northern aud Western. 
Buffalo to Erie Cleveland, To- 
ledo and other Ohio cities, Cin- 
cinnati or Chicago— 226 to 227. 

No. 16.— Northern. New York or 
Philadelphia to Dover, Morris- 
town, Delaware Water-Gap, 
Scranton (coal regions), Wil- 
liams^port and Lock Haven, 
(lumber regions). Oil City, 
Titusville, &c, (oil regions.)— 
228 to 230 

No. 17.— Canadian and Western. 
Niagara Fails toSt. Catherine's, 
Hamilton, Paris, London, Cana- 
da Oil-Regions, Detroit, Ann 
Harbor. Kalamazoo and Chica- 
go— 231 to 236. 

No. 18.— North- Western. Chicago 
to Racine, Milwaukie, Madison, 



INDEX. 



301 



Prairie du Cliien, St. Paul, and 
Falls of Minnehaha and St. An- 
thony, (with optional return by 
the Mississippi or Lake Supe- 
rior)— 237 to 240. 

No. 19.— Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to St. Catherine's, Hamilton, 
Toronto, Kingston, Prescott, 
Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec and 
the Saguenay River— 241 to 256. 

No. 20.— Canadian. Niagara Falls 
to Toronto, Kingston, Thousand 
Islands, Rapids of the St. Law- 
rence, Montreal and Quebec, by 
steamers : and to Halifax, St. 
John, Fredericton, Windsor, 
Sidney, Shediac, Charlotte- 
Town, Pictou and Bathurst.— 
257 to 2G0. 

No. 21.— Far "Western. Chicago to 
Council Bluffs, Omaha. Chey- 
enne, Ogden Salt Lake City, Sa- 
cramento, San Francisco, the 
Big Trees, Yosemite Valley, &c. 
—261 to 276/. 

Rupert, Pa., 229. 

Rutland. Vt.. 101, 140. 

Rje Beach, N. H., 125. 

S. 
Sacramento, Cal., 273, 2,76a. 

Saginaw, Mich., 234. 

Saguenay River, Can., 255. 

Salamanca, Pa., 89, 226, 230. 

Salem, Mass.. 122. 

Salem, 0., 210. 

Salisbury, Md., 163. 

Salmon Falls, N. H., 125. 

Salmon-Trout Lake, Can., 243. 

Salt Lake City, Utah, 216, 223, 
275, 276c?. 

San Antonio, Cal , 273. 

Sandusky, O., 202, 205, 210, 227. 

Sandwich Islands, 273. 

Sandy Hook, 59. 

San Francisco, Cal., 273, 27<8«. 
—Streets, 2766.— Public Build- 
ings, 2766.— Churches, 2766. — 
Theatres, 2766.— Ht.tehs 2766.— 
Kicuisions, 276c —Lone Moun- 
tain eenitiery, 276c —Cliff Huuse 
276c— Mission Dolores, 276c— 
Presidio and Fort Point, 276c — 
Longer Excursions, 276c 

San Jose, Cal., 273, 276a. 



San Luis, Cal., 273. 
San Quentin, Cal., 273. 
Santa Barbara, Cal., 273, 
Santa Fe, NewMex., 266. 
Saranac Lakes, N. Y., 100. 
Saratoga Springs, 91, 92, 140. 
Saucelito. Cal., 273. 
Sault St. Marie. 240. 
Savage, Md.. 171. 
Savannah, Ga., 190. 
Saybrook (.and Junction), Ct., 108. 
Schenectady, N. Y., 74. 
Schooley's Mountain.N. J., 60,228. 
Schroon Lake, N. Y., 96 
Schuyler, Neb., 269. 
Scranton, Pa., 207, 208, 229. 
Seconnet (Point), R. I., 112. 
Sexton's Junction, Va , 186. 
Sharon Springs (route to), 74. 
Shasta (and Butte), Cal., 273. 
Shawangunk Mt., N. Y., 85. 
Shediac, N. B., 259. 
Shelbyville, Ky., 217. 
Sherbrooke. Can., 127. 
Sherman, Wyo., 270. 
Shohoia, N. Y., 86. 
Sidney. C. B.,259. 
Sidney, Neb., 270. 
Silver City, Idaho, 269. 
Sing Sing, N. Y., 63. 
Sioux City, Iowa, 262, 264. 
Skowhegan, Me., 127. 
Sloatsburg, N. Y., 85. 
South Amboy, N. J ., 149. 
South Bend, Ind., 227, 235. 
South Berwick Junction, Me., 135. 
South Pass, AYyo., 267. 
South Reading (Junction), Mass., 

124. 
South Trenton, N. Y., 75. 
South Vernon, Vt., 140. 
Somerville, Mass., 122. 
Somerville, N. J., 207. 
Sonora, Cal.. 274. 
Sparta, Ky., 217- 
Spotswood, N. J., 149. 
Springfield, 111., 224, 227, 261, 

263. 
Springfield, Mass., 106. 
Springfield, O., from Xenla, 203. 
Stafford, Ct., 139. 
St. Albans, Vt., 101, 244. 
Stamford, Ct.. 103. 
Stanhope, N. J., 228. 
St. Anne's. Can., 247, 254. 
Staunton, Va.. 189(2. 
Stanstead, Can., 137. 



802 



INDEX. 



St. Anthony (and Falls of), Minn., 

215, 239. 
Starruca Viaduct, N. Y., 87. 
Stateu Island, 59. 
StauntOD, Va., 186, 195. 
St. Catharine's, (Jan., 231, 241. 
St. Clair River and Lake, 240. 
St. Cloud, Minn., 239. 
Steubenville, 0., 202, 210. 
Stevenson, Ala , 219. 
St. Gregoire, Can.. 251. 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. 

Hilaire, St. Lambert, Can., 128, 

250. 
St. John, Can., 100. 
St. John, N. B„ 259. 
St. Joseph, Mo., 223, 262, 264. 
St. Lawrence Rapids, 258. 
St. Lawrence River, 258. 
St. Louis. Mo., 194, 201, 205, 216, 

220, 221, 227, 239, 261, 263. 
St. Mary's, Can., 232. 
St. Mary's, Wyo . 270. 
Stockton, Cat , 273, 276a, 2767i. 
Stonington, Ct.. 109, 115. 
Stony Point, N. Y. 63. 
St. Paul Junction, Minn. 238. 
St. Paul, Minn., 215, 238, 262. 
St. Peter. Minn., 238, 239. 
Strasburg, Va., 183 189c. 
Stroudsburg, Pa., 229. 
St. Thomas, Can., 254. 
Sturgis, Mich., 227. 
Stuyvesant, N. v., 70. 
Suffer n's, N. J , 84. 
Summit Station, Cal., 273. 
Summit, Va., 183. 
Sunbury, Pa., 199. 
Susquehanna. N. Y., 87. 
Swampscott. Mass., 122. 
Sweetwater Mining Region, Wyo., 

267. 
Syracuse, N. Y., 76. 

T. 

Tadoussac, Can., 255. 
Tallahassee, Fla. 190. 
Tarry town, N. Y., 63. 
Terre Hautp, Ind , 205a. 
Thorold Can., 231,241 
Thousand Islands (and Lake), St 

Lawrence River, 258. 
Three Rivers, Can., 128. 251. 
Throg'sNeck. N. Y., 111. 
Thurso, Can., 246. 
Ticonderoga, N. Y., 98. 



Tideoute, Pa., 230. 

Titus viJle, Pa., 230. 

Tiverton. R. I.. 114. 

Toano, Nev., 272. 

Toledo, 0., 203, 205, 210, 211, 21«. 

227, 235, 240. 
Toliand, Ct.. 139. 
TOPEKA, Kas , 223, 264, 276W. 
TORONTO Can., 232, 241, 24? 

250, 257. 
Townsend. Md.,163. 
Towsontown, Md., 168. 
Trenton, Can., 243. 
Treuton Falls. 75. 
Trenton, N. J , 147, 150, 197. 
Troy, N. Y., 71. 
Truckee. Cal., 273, 276. 
Tuscaloosa, Ala., 196. 
Tyrone, Pa., 199. 

U. 

Uintah, Utah, 271. 

Union City, Tenn., 220. 

Union College (Schenectady. N. 

Y), 74. 
Unionviile, N. H., 129. 
University of Virginia, 183. 
Urbana. 0., from Xenia, 203. 
Utica, N. Y., 74. 

V. 

Valparaiso, 111., 211. 
Vandalia, Ind., 2056, 225. 
Venango.. Pa, 201. 
Victoria Bridge, Can., 249, 260. 
Vincennes, Ind., 205, 220. 
Vineland. N. J,, 160. 
Virginia City, Nev., 269. 
Virginia, Nev. 268. 
Visalia, Cal.. 273. 
Valiejo, Cal., 276a, 276fc. 

Wadsworth, Nev., 273. 

Walla Walla, Oregon, 268. 

Wallingford, Ct., 105. 

Walton, Kv., 217. 

Wanatah, Ind., 211. 

Warrenton (and Junction), Va. ( 

183 
Warsaw, Ind.. 211. 224. 
Wasatch, Utah. 271. 
Washington, D. C , 1 72 ,201-Lo. 

cation, 172, 173— The Capitol 



INDEX. 



303 



174— President's House. 178, 
—Patent Office. 178 — Depart- 
ments, 178. 179— Smithsonian 
Institute. 180— Public Grounds, 
180— Churches, 181 — Theatres, 
181— Hotels, 181 — Excursions, 
181— Soldiers 1 Home. 181— Navy 
Yard, 181— Congressional Cem- 
etery 181 — Longer Excursions, 
181, 182. 

Washington Junction, D. C, 171. 

Washington, Iowa, 263. 

Washington (Junction). N. J., 228. 

Washington, N. J. 149. 

Washoe, Nev , 269. 

Water lord. Ct., 108. 

Waterloo. Iowa, 261. 

Waterloo, Ind., 211. 

Waterloo, N. J., 228. 

Wat.-rtown, N. Y., 76, 243. 

Watkins Glen. N. Y., 88. 

Waukegan, HI., 237. 

Waverley, Teun.. 220. 

Waynesburg, Pa . 197. 

Weber Canon, (and Station and 
River), Utah, 271. 

Webster, Mass., 115. 

Weir's Landing. N. H., 137. 

Weldon, N. C. 188. 

Wells (and Humboldt W.) Nev., 
272 

Wells', Me., 125. 

Wells River, Vt., 101, 138, 140. 

Wenona, Mich., 234. 

Westerley, R. I.. 109. 

West Island. R. I., 112. 

West Liberty, Iowa, 263. 

West Newton, Mats., 107. 

West Point, N. Y., 61, 62, 65., 

West Scarboro, Me., 125. 

Weyer's Cave, Va.. 189c, 189d. 

Wethersfield, Ct., 105. 

Wheeling, W. Va.. 201, 210, 227. 

Whitehall, N. Y., 101, 140. 

White House, Va., 188. 

White Mountain House, N. H., 
134. 

White Mountains. 125, 127, 130 to 
133, 137. 141 to 143. 

White Oak Bottom, Md., 171. 

White Pigeon. Mich.. 227. 

White Pine, Nev., 268. 

White River Junction, Vt., 102, 
138, 140. „ Mt 

White Sulphur Springs, V a., 184, 
186. 189c?. 195. 

Wickford, R. L, 109, 



Wilcox, Pa., 230. 

Wilkesbarre, Pa., 229. 

Willev House, N. H.,133. 

William-and-Mary College, Va. t 
froui Richmo ;d, 186. 

William's Bridge, N. Y.. 103. 

Williamsburg, Va., from Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Williamsport, Pa.. 198, 229. 

Willimantic, Ct.. 139. 

Wilmington, Del., 163,197. 

Wilmington Junction, Mass., 124. 

Wilmington, N C, 188, 189. 

Wilton, Iowa. 263. 

Winchester, Va., 183, 1895. 

Windsor (and Locks), Ct., 105. 

Windsor, Can., 233. 

Windsor, N. S., 259. 

Windsor, Vt., 140. 

Winnemucca, Nev., 272. 

Woliboro, N. H.. 129, 138. 

Worcester, Mass., 106,. 115, 
136. 

Wyandotte, Kas , 264. 

Wyoming, Nev., 269. 



Xenia, O., 203. 



X. 



Y. 



Yale College, 104. 

Yarmouth Junction, N. H., 102, 

127. 
Yarmouth, Mass., 122. 
Yonkers, N. Y., 63. 
York, Pa., 198. 
Yorktown, Va., from Richmond, 

186. 
Yo Semite Valley, Cal., 276a, 276* 
Ypsilanti, Mich., 234. 

Z. 

Zanesville, O., 202, 210, 227. 



DISTANCES, TIME AND FARES. 



[FROM NEW YORK, DIRECT BY RAIL TO MOST IMPORTANT POINTS — IN 
ROUND NUMBERS AND LIABLE TO SLIGHT VARIATION.] 



NEW YORK TO 



DISTANCES. 



TIME. 



FARES. 



Albany 150 

Atcliinson, Kan 1,370 

Baltimore 200 

Baton Rouge 1,940 

Boston 240 

Buffalo 450 

Burlington, Iowa 1,125 

Cairo, Ills 1,145 

Charleston, S. C 800 

Chattanooga 1,230 

Chicago 915 

Cincinnati 760 

Cleveland, 595 

Corry (Oil Regions), Pa 520 

Denver, Col 2,040 

Detroit 705 

Erie, Pa 550 

Indianapolis 820 

Mobile 1,600 

Montreal 650 

New Orleans 1,650 

Niagara Palls 450 

Omaha 1 ,413 

Philadelphia 90 

Pittsburg 445 

Portland, Me 400 

Quebec 825 

Quincy, Ills 1,147 

Richmond, Va 360 

Salt Lake City 2,464 

San Francisco 3,200 

Saratoga 225 

Savannah 1,000 

St. Louis 1.084 

St. Paul 1,388 

Washington 226 

"White Mountains 500 



miles 5 hours $ 3 50 

" 60 " 46 20 

11 8y z " 6 50 

" 5 days 55 00 

" 9% hours 6 00 

" 15 " 9 50 

" 50 " .. 32 30 

" 55 " 36 00 

" 48 " 26 00 

" 60 " 34 00 

" 38 " 25 00 

" 30 " 22 50 

" 23 " , 15 00 

" 16 " 11 70 

" 4:j4 days 95 70 

" 38 hours 16 50 

" 37 " 12 25 

" 35 " 25 00 

" 86 u 50 50 

"■ 18 " 12 50 

" 80 " 55 00 

" 15 " 9 50 

" 3 days 44 50 

" Z% hours 3 25 

" .. ..16 " .... 13 00 

" 14>£ " 9 50 

" 25 " 16 50 

■ k 51>£ " 34 25 

... 22 " .. 15 00 

" 5 days 124 50 

" n% " 140 oo 

" .. . . 1H hours 4 5o 

" 1% davs 34 50 

" 50 hours 36 00 

" 3 days 43 00 

" 10 hours 1 00 

'« 20 " 8 00 



STEAMSHIP LINES AND BANKING-HOUSES. 

In pursuance of the plan inaugurated in the earlier 
editions of the Short-Trip Guide, the following list is- 
given, accompanied by brief remarks, of the steamship lines 
by which the American traveller, or his European brother - 
returning the visit, may best trust himself to be carried safely 
and expeditiously over the Atlantic, and the banking-houses 
to some one of which he can trust himself in buying exchange 
or making other financial arrangements for the trip. 

To most of the special features of all the steamship lines 
here represented, attention has before been freely called ; and 
the present intention is merely to allude to continued stand- 
ing before the public, and whatever changes may have been 
made in ships or sailing arrangements. Beyond this, a brief 
word will suffice : No line is represented here, or will hereafter 
have place here, in which the writer does not place enough impli- 
cit confidence to he willing to trust himself and his in its charge / 
and of the lines not represented here, as we make no endorse- 
ment, the intending traveller may draw his own conclusions 
as to their wish and ability to command his patronage. 

Of the banking-houses, it should be observed that some 
material changes have taken place, during the past twelve 
months, in the number of reliable houses making a specialty 
of supplying exchange to travellers, — and that in no detail 
does the traveller need to be more careful, than in looking 
out bankers whom he can trust, in all senses of the word. 

STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA. 

LINES BY QUEENSTOWK AND LIVERPOOL. 

Cunard Line . [British and North American Royal Mail 

Steamship Company.) 
The most important change in the operations of this lead- 
ing line, of which the steamships now number more than a 



306 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

quarter of a hundred, commanding public confidence even 
more than very extensive public patronage, and keeping up 
its old boast of illustrating extreme care by an almost total 
absence of accidents, — will be found in the completion and 
employment of the two very large new vessels, the " Scythia" 
and " Bothnia," expected to excel even the best of the others 
in speed, while quite equalling them in sea-worthiness and 
the possession of all "modern improvements." With these 
will of course be continued the old favorites, the " Russia," 
"Java," Scotia," "Cuba," "Algeria," "Abyssinia," "Par- 
thia," " Calabria," " Batavia," and many others, supplying 
three sailings per week from either side, and graduating 
rates of passage to all requirements. The now-announced 
course of the steamers of this line, for avoidance of ice and 
collisions, is worthy of special attention. Sailings from New 
York, Wednesdays and Saturdays; from Boston, Tuesdays; 
and from Liverpool, Saturdays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays. 

Inman Line. (Liverpool, New York and Philadelphia 
Steamship Company.) 

Tery material addition has been made to the force of this 
popular and excellent line, during the year, in the coming 
into service of two of the largest and speediest vessels afloat 
—the " City of Chester " and " City of Richmond," the fine 
passages of which have already demonstrated their capacity. 
Even these are to be supplemented at some time during the 
season, by the " City of Berlin," still larger, and with quite 
as assured speed. With these are still associated, of course, 
the old and new favorites, the "Montreal,'' "Brussels," 
"Paris," "Brooklyn," "New York," "London," "Ant- 
werp," etc., making up a fleet of large numbers and great 
capacity, with the ship-yards apparently always busy in its 
enlargement. The announcement of this line will show the 
care habitually taken to avoid northern latitudes, icebergs 
and collisions. Sailings from New York every Thursday 
and Saturday ; from Liverpool every Tuesday and Thursday; 
and from Queenstown every Wednesday and Friday. 



STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA, ETC. 307 

Williams & Quion Line. {Liverpool and Great Western 
Steamship Company.) 

" One of the most comfortable ships in which I ever 
crossed ! " — such was the report of a man of experience, wha 
made the westward crossing not long since in the "Wiscon- 
sin," one of the favorite ships of this line; and the experi- 
ence of many others on the " Wyoming," the " Idaho," 
w Minnesota," &c, proves that he was not alone in the opin- 
ion nor the ship in her quality. It must be said that the 
Williams & Guion boats, especially of the later build, have 
established a high reputation for comfort, convenience and 
sea- worthiness, and that they, consequently, deserve the 
patronage they receive. Both the "Montana" and the 
" Dacotah," larger and more powerful ships than any of the 
others, take their place in the line this season ; and the addi- 
tion cannot fail to add alike to the capacity and the popu- 
larly of a commendable service, continually growing better^ 
year by year. Sailings from New York every Tuesday, and 
from Liverpool every Wednesday . 

National Line. {National Steam Navigation Company.) 

Continual improvement has been as markedly the charac- 
teristic of the National Line, as of any other ever conveying 
passengers between the Old World and the New. With 
their boats always large and burthensome, sell-insured, and 
sailed on lines especially calculated to avoid ice and col- 
lisions ; now they not only make the well-founded boast 
of employing the largest vessels in the trade, but the rate 
of speed has wonderfully increased, and some of the newer 
vessels are among the fastest as well as the noblest afloat. 
This is especially the case with the " Spain " and the 
"Egypt," clo-ely followed by the "Italy," the "Greece," 
"Canada," "England," "France," "Queen," &c ; and 
highf.r commendation is seldom bestowed upon passages 
by any line, than by old voyagers, on some of the National 
ships during 1873. Sailings from New York every Saturday ; 



308 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

from Liverpool every "Wednesday ; and from Queenstown 
every Thursday. From New York for London direct, every 
two weeks. 

American Line. (Philadelphia and Liverpool.) 

National pride being a thing impossible altogether to ig- 
nore, there is something very pleasant in being able to an- 
nounce a line of American -built ships, of fine class and 
excellent appointments, making the boast of being "the 
only line of transatlantic steamships carrying the American 
flag." The American line, between Philadelphia and Liv- 
erpool, though but young in experience, has certainly com- 
menced its work most creditably ; and it will never lose the 
proud distinction of being the pioneer in the revival of 
American transatlantic steamship service. The fleet of this 
company, for the present year, will number the " Pennsyl- 
vania," "Ohio," "Indiana," " Kenil worth," "Abbotsford" 
and "Illinois," with others to follow with increasing pa- 
tronage and necessity. Sailings from Philadelphia every 
Thursday; from Liverpool every Wednesday. 

LINE BY LONDONDERRY, QUEENSTOWN AND GLASGOW. 

Anchor Line. (Henderson Brothers, New York : Handyside 
<& Henderson, Glasgow.) 

Among the largest fleets in the world is now that of the 
Anchor Line, with connections on every sea ; and every year 
a,dds to the size as well as the number of its vessels — two of 
the Glasgow shipyards being now exclusively employed in 
building for it ! With such resources it is not strange that 
the present year witnesses the sailing of a ship from New 
York every other day. Among the favorite ships of the 
season will be the "Ethiopia," "Victoria," " Elysia," " Bo- 
livia," "California," "Olympia," "Caledonia," "Castalia," 
"Italia," etc.; all the newer vessels, especially large and 
powerful, and perfect in all modern appointments. In ad- 



STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA, ETC. 309 

dition to ordinary Glasgow service, this line offers special 
temptations of cheap round trips to that port, and thence to 
the Mediterranean ports and home — a summer run of great 
interest and pleasure. Sailings, from New York, with call 
at Londonderry, every Tuesday ; with call at Queenstown, 
every Thursday ; and for Glasgow direct every Saturday. 

LINE BT. BKEST AND HAVRE. 

French Line. {Compagnie Generate Transatlantique) 

At last we have that pleasure from which the misfortunes 
of the Franco-German war for some time debarred us — that 
of announcing that the popular Compagnie Generale Trans- 
atlantique will with the passenger season commence run- 
ning their steamers weekly instead of fortnightly. This has 
been long desired, both by the company and its host of 
patrons. The fine steamers of this line — the " Pereire," " St. 
Laurent," " France," " Ville de Paris," " Lafayette," " Am- 
erique," " Labrador," and others, will now be devoted to 
the New York and Havre service, and the loudly expressed 
want thus supplied. The French steamers have long held 
the boast of carrying more first-class passengers per vessel, 
than those of any other line in the Atlantic trade ; and that 
their popularity will be added to rather than detracted from, 
by the new arrangement, is beyond doubt. Sailings from 
New York (after May) every Thursday; and from Havre 
and Brest weekly, as corresponding. 

LINE BY SOUTHAMPTON AND BREMEN. 

Bremen Line. {North German Lloyd.) 
We continue, this year, as last and the year previous, the 
list of vessels engaged in the North German Lloyd service, 
by which it will be seen that the fleet is one of the most ex- 
tensive in the world, and the connection almost literally 
world-wide. The "Rhein," " Main," "Donau," "Weser" 
"Deutschland," "Koln," "Mosel,"and many other vessels 
of this line, have proved themselves first-favorites as to speed 
and sea-going qualities, while especially supplying a virtual 



310 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

connection direct to London (by Southampton) otherwise 
lacking ; and all the old facilities will be '-etained and even 
increased during the current year. Sailings from New York 
to Bremen, via Southampton, twice a -week — every Wednes- 
day and Saturday ; from Baltimore, on alternate Saturdays - t 
and from New Orleans monthly. From Bremen for New 
York every Wednesday and Saturday, with call at South- 
ampton to correspond. 

STEAMSHIPS TO CALIFORNIA, CHINA AND INDIA. 

LINE TO CALIFORNIA AND CHINA. 

Pacific Mail Steamship Co's Service. 

After a brief interregnum of non-announcement, the Paci- 
fic Mail Steamship Company, with new ships and new 
energy infused into its administration, call renewed attention 
to the joint line by which is supplied so important a link of 
that travel now girdling the world, and by the aid of which so 
many thousands are to be enabled cheaply and expeditiously 
to " circumnavigate the planet." Large as is the fleet em- 
ployed, this force is being rapidly supplemented by new 
iron screw steamers of great size, taking the place of the 
older paddle- wheelers — the "City of Peking," one of the 
noblest ships in the world, being already an example. The 
present rates, to California alone, as well as to Japan and 
China, will be found temptingly low; while either the half 
or whole voyage is known to be a pleasant one. Sailings 
from New York, for California, every alternate Saturday ; 
and close connections with the China Line, which also runs 
fortnightly. 

LINE FROM ENGLAND TO INDIA, CHINA, &C. OR REVERSE. 

Peninsular and Oriental Steamship Go's Service, 

In the official announcement of the Peninsular and 
Oriental Company's service, this year, will be found very 
clearly shown the wonderful facilities offered by the great 
fleet of vessels of that corporation, for pursuing that route 
"around the world" to which reference has above beeD 



BANKING-HO USES. 3U 

made — especially in connection with the Pacific Mail ships, 
to Japan and China. How easily, by those connections, the 
run may be made from Southampton (England), or Venice 
or Brindisi (Italy), by Egypt to India and China or Japan, 
by the P. and O. boats, with return to America by the vessels 
of the Pacific Mail ;— or how easily, from the Pacific Mail 
connection to Japan or China, the run may be made by the 
P. & O. boats, by Egypt to Europe and thence back to 
America,— all this will be obvious at a glance, to the intelli- 
gent; and we earnestly call attention to the valuable in- 
formation thus conveyed. 

BANKING-HOUSES. 

Exchange may be bought, Letters of Credit taken and all 
other financial business connected with European tours and 
mercantile operations, safely and profitably transacted, as 
well as many of the details of correspondence and require- 
ment abroad — with the following first-class houses, parti- 
culars of whose special lines will be found in their announce- 
ments; and whose standing, it is well to say, is the more 
enviable and commands the more attention from the travel 
ling public, since some of those memorable failures of trusted 
financial agents, plunging those dependent on them into- 
serious inconvenience, if nothing worse : 

Duncan, Sherman & Go., cor. Pine and Nassau Sts., New 
York, who have supplied exchange, and courteous dealing 
in effecting it, to half the rising generation, and beneficially 
sown the world almost broadcast with their convenient 
Circular Letters, which the dullest manage to understand, 
and only the most heedless of their explicit and painstaking 
directions can succeed in losing ; 

Brown Brothers & Co., 59 Wall St., New York, whose very 
name suggests Liverpool, Parliament, British solidity married 
to American thrift, the Bank of England, and e very tiling elg* 
connected with moneyed intercourse between the nations, 
and who notably share in the supplying of foreign credit aa 



312 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

well as keeping up the true commercial status between the 
continents ; 

Williams & Guion, 63 Wall St., New York, the well- 
known agents of the popular New York and Liverpool line 
bearing their name, and elsewhere spoken of — who have a 
banking branch connected with their extensive steamship 
office, and thus at once supply transit and the means to pay 
for it, in any form of exchange that may be desired, in con- 
nection with Alexander S. Petrie & Co., London ; 

John Munroe & Co., 8 Wall St., New York, and No. 41 
State St., Boston, who not only effect exchange for thous- 
ands upon thousands of Europe-bound travellers, but lay 
them under obligations by care of their letters, free use of 
reading-rooms, etc., at their banking-house, No. 7 Rue Scribe, 
Paris, which has long been and will continue to be one of 
the "homes" of Americans in that pleasant city, now re- 
suming its position as the great European resort of Amer- 
icans ; 

Morton, Bliss & Co., Broad St., New York, in connection 
with Morton, Rose & Co., Bartholomew Lane, London, 
who largely enjoy, with other leading houses named, the 
confidence of the government in the arrangement of its finan- 
cial concerns abroad, and who have long since attained a 
leading place in the corresponding confidence and patron- 
age of the travelling community ; 

Drexel, Morgan & Co., cor. Broad and Wall Sts., New 
York, whose new bank building at that place excites general 
admiration, while it gives assurance of a stability equal to 
that of the substantial and well-known firm ; in connnection 
with Drexel, Harjes & Co., 3 Rue Scribe, Paris, who supply 
immense facilities for American visitors to that continental 
metropolis, — and with the equally well-known and reliable 
house of J. S. Morgan & Co., London ; 

Walker, Andrews & Go. , No. 14 Wall St., New York, and 
No. 10 Place Vendome, Paris, the New York house issuing 
travellers' credits and circular notes on the Union Bank of 



BANKING-HOUSES. 313 

London and on Paris, in the currency of each country, while 
every effort is habitually made by the houses at each end of 
the connection, to subserve the financial interests of travel- 
lers as well as their personal convenience ; 

The Canadian Bank of Commerce, head office at Toronto, 
with branches in leading cities, and the New York agency, 
50 Wall street, buying and selling sterling exchange, making 
cable transfers, and dealing in commercial credits generally, 
with highest reputation for stability. 



AMERICAN HOTELS FOR TRAVELLERS, 

AND SUMMER RESORTS. 

[In the list of American Hotels following, no attempt is 
made at supplying a complete chain in any direction, though 
such an arrangement will be gradually made in following 
years. Of the Hotels mentioned, however, it is necessary to 
say that none have place except such as have been person- 
ally tested, and found well located and capable of supplying 
excellent accommodation; and upon the special features 
ascribed to each, the utmost dependence can be placed by all 
interested. For locations, names of proprietors, etc., official 
cards must be referred to. It will be observed that the al- 
phabetical arrangement of places has been adopted, as mos 
convenient for the traveller.] 

Albany, N. Y. — Stanwix Hall. 

One of the oldest houses in the State Capital of New York, 
the Stanwix is certainly among the best, in all conveniences 
of location, as well as in excellence of management. It is 
easily and quickly reached, from either railway or steam- 
boat, is convenient to the Capitol, commands the most 
interesting section of Broadway, has extensive popularity, 
and deserves it. 

Baltimore, Md. — Mt. Vernon House. 

This hotel stands on West Monument Street, in one of the 
most interesting sections of the city, and has long enjoyed 
an enviable reputation among American travellers, and those 
who have visited the Monumental City from the Old World. 
Of European travellers, very few of distinction but have 
tested the excellent appointments and good cheer of the 
Mount Vernon, Which is quite worthy of the distinguished 
name that it bears. 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 315 

Berkeley Springs,! 7 ^. — The Pavilion. 

As elsewhere noted, in the " Special Virginian Tour," the 
Berkeley Springs are among the best known, as well as 
the oldest in Virginia, haying enjoyed the patronage and 
residence of Washington, Jefferson, and many others of the 
old-time magnates. Of this very charming place the Pavil- 
ion is the centre and chief resort, offering airy rooms, the 
finest baths in the worldj and profuse Virginia hospitality, in 
a mountain-valley air equal to that of Florence. 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cat.— Mammoth Grove 
Hotel 

This house forms, with Sperry's Hotel, Murphy's, an im- 
portant link in the chain of California travel ; the Mammoth 
Grove house, standing in the midst of those world's-won- 
ders, the Big Trees of Calaveras, and supplying one of the 
most delightful of summer resorts; and Sperry's, r at Murphy's 
being an important point on the way to the Big Trees from 
Stockton, or the Yosemite Valley, by the Big Oak Flat 
route, as well as located in a highly-interesting mining sec- 
tion, showing many of the type-Californian features. 

Boston. — The American House. 

The American has, for many years, held the reputation of 
being not only the largest, but " the best hotel in the Eastern 
States," and one of the best in America ; and nothing of that 
reputation has been forfeited — rather added to, in later years. 
It has the most convenient of central locations (within a few 
yards of Faneuil Hall, the Old State House, etc.); has sup- 
plied all modern improvements and luxuries, and is, in eveiy 
detail, worthy the high reputation which it enjoys, and the 
full patronage it constantly receives. 



316 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

Catskill Mountains.— GatsMll Mountain House. 

This excellent and wonderfully-located hotel, high up on 
the South Mountain of the Catskills, is elsewhere referred to 
in connection with those mountains, as having one of the 
finest views in America, and being one of those spots which 
literally must be visited, for the sake of the scenery it mono- 
polizes, as well as for its own merits as a hotel and place of 
summer resort. Not to have seen the sunrise from the grand 
piazza of the Catskill Mountain House, is to have missed the 
very finest feature of American touring, in the opinion of 
many travellers. 

Catskill Mountains.— Overlook Mountain House. 

Though but two or three years established, the Overlook 
has already achieved a high reputation as a place of summer 
resort, for its exceedingly elevated position (highest of any 
house in the mountains), the consequent noble view it affords 
over the Hudson River Valley, and the admirable manner in 
which it has been conducted to meet the general require- 
ments of tourists and resident summer visitors. Materially 
enlarged in 1872, under increased patronage. 

Charleston, 8. 0. — The Charleston Hotel. 

This hotel has the world-wide reputation of being one of 
the most magnificent structures of its kind, on either conti- 
nent, having the build, and most of the appurtenances of a 
literal palace ; and if the enthusiastic reports of a thousand 
guests are to be credited, the management is as princely in 
its liberality as moderate in its demands on the purses of 
those visiting the Palmetto City, so famous alike in peace 
and war. 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 317 

Chicago. — Grand Pacific Hotel. 

This house, only last year completed, and opened under 
popular management, is considered to be one of the most 
striking marks of the wonderful enterprise and recuperative 
energy which have, within two and a half years, built the 
" New Chicago " on the site of the great fire. The largest 
hotel -building in the world, and one of the most costly 
($3,000,000), with every modern improvement, convenience 
and appliance, it is a curiosity to the traveller, as well as a 
place of luxurious flying visit or longer sojourn, without ex- 
traordinary expenditure. 

Chicago. — The Gardner House. 

In striking contrast to the Grand Pacific Hotel, mentioned 
elsewhere, and yet equally a feature of " New Chicago," is 
this admirable house, located in full view of the Lake and 
Park, and intended to hold a place, in regard to visitors 
something like that of the Brevoort, at New York, combin- 
ing the rapid service of the best American hotel, with the 
comparative quiet, refinement, and select character of pat- 
ronage of the model house just mentioned. 

Delaware Water-Gap, Pa. — Kittatinny House. 

This side of paradise there is not probably finer air to be 
found, than that of the Pennsylvania Mountains of the Upper 
Delaware, — as there are few reaches of finer scenery than can 
be found in that neighborhood. In the midst of that noble 
scenery is located the Kittatinny House, an admirable 
hostelrie, and for many years one of the favorite resorts of 
those who wish to blend the Rhine and the Bavarian High- 
lands, without crossing the Atlantic. 

Harrisonburg, Va. — Fffinger's Hotel. 

Well-instructed travellers, on their route down the beauti- 
ful Valley of Virginia, from Winchester to Staunton, or 



318 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

making their way towards that rare wonder of nature, 
Weyer's Cave, — such travellers have a habit of stopping for a 
meal or two, or for longer sojourn, at one of the best sup- 
plied and most enjoyable of houses, at Effinger's, whence 
also posting is done to Weyer's and in all directions. 

Highland Falls, N. Y. — Oak Grove Cottages. 

Situated but a few miles from West Point, Highland Falls 
is one of the most beautiful resorts in the Hudson River 
Mountains ; and the Oak Grove Cottages, under their present 
admirable management, offer very strong attractions, as a 
summer resort, especially for families. 

Lake G-eokge. — Fort William Henry Hotel. 

A very large and admirably kept summer hotel, standing 
on the southern shore of the lake, commanding the finest of 
views over it, and in the immediate vicinity of old Fort 
George and the other points of historical interest of that 
romantic section. One of the most popular of fashionable 
resorts for residence, and as on the line of travel northward 
from Saratoga, to Champlain and Canada — the boats up 
Lake George making the connection to the larger lake and 
the north, taking their departure almost from the very doors. 
[Kept in connection with the Arlington, Washington, D.C.] 

Lake Tahoe, Gal. — The Talioe House. 

A very pleasant house, with a singularly lovely location, 
on the north shore of LakeTahoe, the site commanding one 
of the most beautiful lake views in the world, and the attrac- 
tions as a place of summer sojourn, scarcely equalled by any 
other spot on the Pacific Slope. 

Lexington, Va. — National House. 

As the seat of the Virginia Military Academy, as well as 
the spot of burial of Lee and Stonewall Jackson, Lexington 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 319 

presents many attractions to the tourist, apart from its near 
ness to Goshen Pass and the Natural Bridge ; and when we 
have said that the National is tlie Hotel of Lexington, com- 
modious and well managed, the favorable story is sufficiently 
told to explain and assure its patronage. 

Long Branch, JSf. J. — West End Hotel. 

The West End, built within a few years to meet the de- 
mand for a better and more picturesque class of hotel build- 
ing on the great bluff of Long Branch, has fairly asserted its 
preeminence as the most fashionable of the houses of that 
unrivalled summer gathering-place, and under its present 
capable and liberal management may take rank with the 
best hotels of the cities, while unexcelled in location, nearest 
to the President's House and the more eclectic residences of 
the "Branch." [For means of reaching this and other Long 
Branch houses, see announcement of the New Jersey South- 
ern Railroad — boats and rail.] 

Long Branch, N. J. — Howlantfs Hotel 

The oldest of the original Long Branch hotels now remain- 
ing, Howland's (very near to the West End in location), while 
entirely remodelled, enlarged, and handsomely modernized 
has lost nothing of its old reputation as among the most 
charming of family resorts on the coast. Its management is 
always excellent in every detail, and its large clientelle of 
resident summer guests does not prevent its being a favorite 
as well for transient visit or briefer sojourn. 

Long Branch, N. J. — Morris' Pavilion. 

Another of the old-time and always popular resorts of the 
" Branch " is the Pavilion, traditional for the solid comfort 
and quiet enjoyment afforded to visitors without any pre- 
tense at the fatigue of ultra fashion. The Pavilion has the 



320 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

additional feature of opening earlier than the other houses, 
and may literally be said to be ready for visitors at all times 
and seasons, with every material comfort and attention. 

Lykchburgh, Va. — The Nor veil House. 

The be3t of the hotels of Lynchburgh, on the principal 
street, with free coaches to the railway depot, and every 
comfort and convenience for the traveller. 

Mammoth Grove, Gal. — (See Big Trees.) 

Montreal, Can. — St. Lawrence Hall. 

A hotel of the first-class, in extent and keeping, that has 
for many years enjoyed the reputation of being among the 
best in the Dominion, and that under the present manage- 
ment is rapidly increasing that reputation. The St. Law- 
rence enjoys the patronage of the Dominion Government, on 
all festive occasions, and has been patronized by the Prince 
of Wales, the Grand Duke Alexis, the Governor-General, and 
many other distinguished persons. Stands on St. James St. , 
leading thoroughfare of the city ; and during the past few 
months has been thoroughly renovated and received many 
additional modern improvements. 

Montreal, Can. — The Ottawa Hotel. 

This large hotel stands on St. James Street, near the 
Square of the same name, and has the advantage of fronting 
on that street and opening on the parallel great thorough- 
fare, Notre Dame Street, on which stands the Cathedral. 
It claims a place second to no other in Montreal, enjoys very 
distinguished and fashionable patronage, and under its pre- 
sent management is receiving constant additions, materially 
adding to its excellence and consequent popularity. 

Natural Bridge, Va. — Natural Bridge Hotel, 

The opinion has been elsewhere freely expressed that the 
Natural Bridge is one of the grandest pieces of rock- work on 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 321 

either Continent, and the desire to visit this great wonder of 
nature is enough to make popular the Natural Bridge Hotel, 
which lies beside it and affords the only gate of entrance for 
the view. But the hotel, a thoroughly well kept one and 
commodious, has of itself many charms as a summer resort, 
and should be even more widely appreciated. 

Newburgh, N. Y. — United States Hotel. 

A well-located and well-managed house, standing in a 
favorable location for view of the river and the noble scenery 
of the Hudson, surrounding this, one ot the prettiest of the 
river towns,in the immediate neighborhood of the Highlands 
and near to the historic Washington's Head-Quarters. Few 
more charming residences can be selected. 

New York City. — The Brevoort House. 

This house, of the first fashion, and the peculiarity of the 
most distinguished English patronage, stands on the Fifth 
Avenue, in the immediate neighborhood of the handsome 
public ground, Washington Square, and may be said to have 
an exceptionally fine location, combining convenience to 
places of evening resort, with quietness and all those name- 
less pleasant features distinguishing the true temporary 
" home " of the travelled from the mere crowded caravanserai. 
Every year seems to add to the charm of this unexceptionable 
house, and the number of its visitors of distinction. 

New York City. — Gilsey House. 

This hotel, at Broadway and Twenty -ninth Street, is one 
of the features of the city, both in external architecture and 
interior arrangement ; with passenger-lift, spacious halls, 
and luxurious suites of apartments ; and commending itself 
to travellers of either continent, as a type of that world-wide 
celebrity, the luxurious modern American hotel. [In con- 
nection, the Grand Union Hotel at Saratoga.] 



322 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

New Yokk City. — Bamum's Hotel. 

This hotel is admirably located on Broadway, at Twentieth 
Street, and has the advantage of being in what may be called 
the very fashionable heart of the city, while its management 
receives high commendalion from all patrons. 

Niagara Falls. — International Hotel. 

This large and first-class hotel offers peculiar temptations 
to tourists, in its possession of all those modern luxurious 
improvements adding so materially to the pleasure of travel, 
as well as in its charming location, immediately over the 
American Fall, at Prospect Point, with the bridge to Goat 
Island almost at its doors, opening all the scenic wonders of 
both Falls from that Island, and the Sister Islands now 
bridged from it, and giving the grandest views of the great 
Upper Rapids. Late additions to the house have literally 
" taken possession " of the Rapids, adding materially at once 
to view and convenience. 

Niagara Falls.— Clifton House. 

The Clifton, an old and excellent house, familiar for many 
years to the people of two continents, must ever be a favorite 
with those who have once known its splendid location, on 
the Canadian side, at the verge of the river, and with the 
whole marvelous panorama of the American and Horseshoe 
Falls fully visible from its broad piazzas and many windows 
— not to mention its comfort and luxury as a place of sojourn, 
in and of itself, and its unequalled facilities as a point of de- 
parture for excursions and pleasure-riding. 

Ottawa, Can. — The Russell House. 

A first-class hotel, of large size and good management, 
located in the immediate vicinity of the Parliament Houses, 
Government Buildings, and Barrack Hill, with its fine views ; 
and indispensable to visitors to the Capital of the Dominion. 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 323 

Philadelphia. — Continental Hotel. 

One of the largest and most perfectly appointed houses in 
America, as well as one of the best-known — holding a pecu- 
liarly central position, on Chestnut Street, and combining 
with its large extent all those modern improvements and 
luxuries which have made the American hotel of the best 
class world-celebrated. Not to have visited the Continental 
is held to be equivalent to not having known the heart of 
Philadelphia, and consequently to have missed many of the 
most charming features of the second city of America. 

Philadelphia. — La Pierre House. 

A large and elegant hotel, with all the modern improve- 
ments ; located on Broad Street (" Fourteenth " in numbers) 
very near to Chestnut Street, and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood of the American Academy of Music — first house of 
entertainment on the continent. The La Pierre is considered 
especially eclectic as a residence, and numbers among ita 
patrons many visitors of high position and wide experience. 

Kutlahd,. Vt. — The Bates House. 

The Bates House is the leading hotel of the handsome 
town of Rutland, and consequently a place of favorite resort 
for the enjoyment of the fine air and scenery of the Green 
Mountain region, as well as a favorite dinner- station on the 
railway-route between the Hudson and Saratoga, and Upper 
Vermont and Canada. It is thoroughly well kept, and de- 
servedly a favorite with travellers ; and the man who has not 
dined there, en route, has missed one of the best tables in New 
England. 

Kichmond, Va. — The Ballard House. 

The Ballard is admittedly the leading hotel of Richmond, 
being large in itself, and immense when thrown into connec- 
tion with the Exchange Hotel, which may be said to have 



324 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. 

been absorbed in it. Visitors to the capital of Virginia, and 
the whilom seat of government of the Confederacy, will 
be likely to endorse all its claims to preeminence. 

Rockbridge Baths, Va. — Rockbridge Baths. 

During a somewhat extensive tour of the Virginia Springs 
and Mountains, in 1873, no place presented itself of greater 
charm than the Rockbridge Baths, lying in the county of 
the same name, near the southern end of the celebrated 
Goshen Pass, on a branch of the Shenandoah, about eleven 
miles from Lexington. It has fine baths, boating, fishing, 
and other amusements — and seems to bear the very atmos- 
phere of enjoyment, as undoubtedly that of health. 

Sak Eranctsco, Gal. — Occidental Hotel, 

Californian hotels are considered models of perfection by 
travellers of the widest experience, and the Occidental 
stands at the head of even that favorite class. Its location 
on Montgomery Street, reaching from Bush to Sutter, is 
unsurpassed ; its details of management embrace the most 
perfect of modern improvements ; and its celebrity, extend- 
ing over many years, as the virtual "Heart of Frisco," is 
equally world-wide and well-merited, the true California 
"society" being always on view in its spacious halls and 
corridors. 

Sak Francisco, Gal. — Cosmopolitan Hotel. 

One of the largest and most commodious hotels in the 
metropolis of the Pacific, very conveniently located at the 
very centre of the commercial city (Sansome, Bush and 
neighboring fine streets) ; making a specialty of affording 
good rooms and choice California fare at rates somewhat 
below the first-class average on the coast ; and as a conse- 
quence exceedingly popular not only with the local residency 
and the world of transient travel, but as a place of more 
extended sojourn. 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 325 

St. Albans, Vt. — The Welden House. 

The "Welden is properly considered among the notable 
houses of New England, not only as a place of call for 
travellers, but one of more extended sojourn— St. Albans 
being a singularly -beautiful town, with lake and mountain 
views, and the Welden fronting on the City Park and being 
admirable in every detail of construction and management. 

St. Louis.— Southern Hotel. 

A large and handsome house, bearing the reputation of 
being the best among the St. Louis houses — no very high 
compliment, and yet perhaps sufficient for the traveller. 

Saratoga Springs. — Grand Union Hotel. 

The Grand Union is one of the largest hotels in the world, 
second to no other in the extent and perfection of its appoint- 
ments, with grounds of rare magnificence (including the 
Opera House — grand music and ball room of the Spa), close 
proximity to the Congress Spring and the centre of the 
favorite watering-place of America, passenger-lift, and all the 
attractions and conveniences. Prices reduced very materially 
for 1874. [In connection, the Gilsey Hoicse, New York.] 

Savannah, Ga. — The Screven House. 

The Screven bears the reputation not only of being by far 
the best hotel in Savannah, but of having few or no superiors 
in any one of the American cities — its location, management, 
and the wondrous extent of its resources and marketing 
facilities combining to give it that proud preeminence, and 
its name being synonymous with Southern " good living." 

Staunton, Va. — American House. 

As is well known, the handsome little town of Staunton, 
already celebrated for State institutions there located, has 
lately assumed new prominence from becoming the chief 



326 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

depot of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad ; and the 
American, its best hotel, is well worthy its position and the 
needs of travellers. 

Tobokto, Can. — The Rossin House. 

One of the largest and most complete houses in the Do- 
minion, with a flattering and well-deserved reputation as 
one of the best-kept and most carefully managed, as well as 
admirably located for visiting the Lake Shore itself, the 
public buildings and fine grounds making Toronto a place of 
pleasant sojourn for all who once visit it. From the Rossin, 
the University, Osgoode Hall, and indeed all the more nota- 
ble structures of the town, can be reached at very limited 
distance in pleasant foot-excursions ; and at the Rossin, one 
always finds that perfect " warmest welcome at an inn," as 
described by Shenstone. 

Watch Hill, R. I. — Plympton House. 

During the past few years, it has been discovered that 
Rhode Island has other shores than that of Newport, afford- 
ing delightful summer sojourn ; and among the most charm- 
ing ©f the comparatively new places, is the Plympton, at 
Watch Hill, near Stonington, Ct., with fine sea view, bath- 
ing, promenades, riding, and every feature making its fre- 
quenters enjoy instead of dreading the summer solstice. 

Washikgtok, D. 0. — The Arlington. 

A house of high character and first-class patronage, under 
the same capable management as the Fort William Henry 
Hotel, Lake George, elsewhere mentioned at length. 

West Poikt, JY. Y. — Cozzens* Hotel. 

One of the most magnificently located, as well as one of the 
most tastefully built, of all American hotels is Cozzens', at 
West Point, commanding, the finest part of the passage 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 327 

through the Hudson Highlands, and often winning the name 
of the " Eagle's Nest " from its height above the river, while 
really among the easiest of summer resorts to reach by boat 
or rail. Among American resorts, at once fashionable and 
enjoyable, Cozzens' holds a "high place" in fact as well as 
altitude. 

Weyer's Cave, Va. — Weyer's Cave Hotel. 

The wonder of nature involved in Weyer's Cave, quite the 
rival of the Mammoth Cave in beauty if not in size, has been 
elsewhere spoken of. It only remains, here, to advise tourists 
that in visiting the Cave they have all comforts and many 
luxuries spread before them at the "Weyer's Cave Hotel, where 
guides may be procured, and where sojourn long enough to 
thoroughly " do " this great natural marvel, will be found 
pleasant and profitable. 

Yosemite Valley, Cat — Hutching s 9 Hotel. 

Mr. Hutchings, best posted of all the pioneers of the Great 
Valley, has the hotel furthest up the Valley itself, nearest to 
most points of interest and simply indispensable to visitors, 
both for convenience and comfort. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 

[See announcement cards, following at close of volume, for many 
particulars of value and interest.] 

SPECIAL ROUTES FOR TRAVELLERS. 

There is no feature so notable, in American Travel, 
as the great Californian Trip, by rail, by which such a wonder- 
ful space, involving the most picturesque, novel and inter- 
esting scenery, can be covered in so few days, and so much 
added to the previous stock of intelligence and experience — 
as witness the official announcement of the Union and Central 
Pacific Railroads, following, and the full particulars there 
given of the wonderful combinations and connections of the 
route, not only to San Francisco and the other Californian 
cities and places of interest, but the Colorado Mountain 
regions (the Switzerland of America), the great Mining 
sections, Salt Lake City, etc. ; and, still beyond, to Japan, 
China and the East. 

The Pennsylvania Central Railroad, now extend- 
ing its various branches and divisions from New York to Phila- 
delphia (New Jersey Railroad line), and thence to all the 
principal cities of the West, the Northwest, the South, and 
indeed in nearly all directions — is not only one of the most 
magnificent of all the railway enterprises of the New World, 
but one of the best managed and most reliable ; nobly illus- 
trating the truth that railway-transit can always be better 
and more safely managed in one large connection, than in 
small divisions with necessarily conflicting interests and want 
of proper concert. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 329 

Among the most notable of the lines of travel in 
America, at once for the excellence of its management, the ex- 
tent of its accommodation, and the magnificent variety of 
the scenery through which it passes, — is the Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad, affording transit between Baltimore and 
"Washington, and the Ohio River and all the cities of the 
Great West. From Harper's Ferry across the Allegheny 
Mountains to the Ohio, the road may be said to combine the 
very best features of American scenery ; while all the mo- 
dern improvements and luxuries of American travel are sup- 
plied by a management at once far-seeing, careful and libe- 
ral ; and not to have ridden over the Baltimore and Ohio 
road, is to have missed what the tourist cannot spare from 
his experiences. 

• The Chicago and North- Western Railroad is one of 
the great enterprises of the North-West, leading from Chicago, 
by Fulton, Clinton, Cedar Rapids, Boone, etc., to Council 
Bluffs, Omaha, and connecting there with the Pacific roads 
for California ; also with lines leading directly from Chicago 
by Kenosha, Racine, etc., to Milwaukie ; and to Fort How- 
ard, Green Bay, or direct connection to St. Paul and Lake 
Superior. 

One of the most extensive railway connections of 
the American Continent (after the incomparable length of the 
Pacific), is supplied by the Grrand Trunk Railway, of which 
the head offices are at Montreal, while in the main line and 
many branches are found facilities for reaching numberless 
points of interest of the North and North-East, all the way 
from Detroit and the Western cities, to Portland on the 
Atlantic. [See especially Route No. 19.] 

The New Jersey Southern Railroad, by boat from 
New York to Sandy Hook, some four times a day during the 
summer season, and by rail thence — supplies expeditious and 
enjoyable transit to the Navesink Highlands, Long Branch» 



330 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and other popular places on the New Jersey Coast; and also, 
the through line carries passengers to Philadelphia and to 
the South Jersey watering-places of Atlantic City and Cape 
May. This road, emerging from long difficulties, is now 
under capable and enterprising management, and bids fair 
to become a profit as well as a great accommodation. 

The Day Line of Steamers on the Hudson River, 
from New York to West Point, the Catskill Mountains, etc., 
to Albany, supplies two of the fastest and most commodious 
steamers in the world, in the " Chauncey Vibbard " and 
' * Daniel Drew," carrying music on all trips, making the 
whole run, in either direction, by daylight, and affording 
opportunities for observation of the whole line of Hudson 
River scenery, unattainable by any other route or mode. 
And it needs scarcely to be said that not even the Rhine can 
afford a day's sail of such average magnificence in scenery, 
and such perfection in accommodation. [See map of the 
Hudson, accompanying announcement.] 

The People's Line of Steamers between New York 
'and Albany affords another splendid feature in travel on the 
Hudson River ; leaving either place at evening and arriving 
at the other in the morning, in time for all railway connec- 
tions; and supplying, in the "St. John" and "Drew," the 
two noblest and most luxurious specimens of inland marine 
architecture on the globe, with accommodations of perfect 
Completeness and princely splendor, while still making no 
heavy draft on the purse. [See map of the Hudson, accom- 
panying official announcement, for connections, etc.] 

The Mary Powell (steamer), running as an after- 
noon boat from New York to West Point, Newburgh and other 
points on the Hudson, to Rondout (Kingston), shows still 
another of those " Prides of the Hudson" just referred to ; 
passing through the Highlands by daylight, and affording the 
most charming of views of that splendid river scenery ; the boat 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 331 

herself, a beauty, a favorite and a celebrity, and well known 
to many Englishmen who haTe never visited America, from 
the fine picture of her, as a type of American river-steamers > 
in the Inman steamship office at Liverpool, and from many 
other pictures and models, literally " all 'round the world." 

Among the most extensive sea-coast routes in 
America, are those filled by the steamships of Clyde's Coast- wise 
and West India Steamship Lines, now numbering some twenty- 
five ships of large size and full power, with still others build- 
ing — and supplying the pleasantest of summer transit from 
New York to Charleston, S. C, and all the South-Eastern 
States ; to Havana, and other West India ports ; to Galves- 
ton, and other towns of Texas and the South-West, tour- 
ists, English or American, should make a note of the an- 
nouncement, and remember the hint for the hot-weather 
transit. 

NEW YORK INSURANCE COMPANIES. 

The hints given in one of the earlier papers of this 
volume as to the propriety of every traveller (and indeed every 
man), taking a reasonable Life Assurance, do not lose their 
force, year by year, but rather add new ; meanwhile, the 
American system is the best in the world, as now admitted 
by the highest authorities of both continents ; and in three 
especial companies hereinafter named, will be found the 
very highest types of extensive business, reliability, and 
usefulness. These three are the Mutual Life Insurance 
Company of Neio York, 144 and 146 Broadway ; the Equitable 
Life Assurance Society of the United States, No. 120 Broadway ; 
and the New York Life Insurance Company, No. 346 Broad- 
way; three institutions in the grouping of which lies an 
absolute matter of national pride as well as one of important 
knowledge to the intending investor in this most beneficial 
of securities. The steady prosperity shown by these com- 
panies during the last year of general financial difficulty, af- 



332 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

fords the strongest proof of their useful present and prosper- 
ous future; and the Mutual, especially, in the branch now 
nearly completed, on Chestnut street, Philadelphia, even ad- 
ditionally illustrates the great law of progress. 

In intimate connection with the subject of Life 
Insurance, comes that of Accident Insurance, in which detail, 
too, America affords one of the noblest of examples, in the 
Travellers' Insurance Company, of Hartford, Connecticut, with 
a virtual centre in New York, at 207 Broadway. The Travel- 
lers' has been for years doing a noble work, meeting with 
immense and deserved success, and annually paying out im- 
mense sums to the families of those killed by accident, or to 
the disabled themselves in their day of diminished receipts 
and possible need. The figures of business of the past year 
show something of the keenness with which the American 
public are waking to the need and the benefit of such an in- 
stitution, so indispensable among a nation of travellers. This 
company affords also the ordinary Life Assurance in connec- 
tion, with the best advantages. 

The Hanover Fire Insurance Company, office 120 
Broadway, New York, continues to offer the best and most 
reliable guaranties against loss or damage by the devouring 
element : one of the most satisfactory of remembrances to those 
who leave property behind them when travelling ; while a visit 
to the office of the company will show the best thing of its 
kind in the world, in appointments and management. 

OTHER NEW YORK SPECIALTIES. 

One of the largest and most efficient Printing' 
Houses in the world is that of Messrs. John F. Trow & Son, 
205 to 213 East 12th Street, New York, who acknowledge no 
superiors in the excellence of the work they supply, while they 
make the well-founded boast of being able to make abook, from 
the first line of type-setting to the last touch of the binder's 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 333 

tool, with a speed impossible elsewhere, and almost incredible 
in figures. We do not endorse the current story, that they 
set up, printed and bound the two thousand pages of the 
New York Director, one day between breakfast apd dinner; 
but only a little less would be possible, with the fifteen hun- 
dred employees and immense appliances of the establishment ; 
and their speed and punctuality are proverbial. 

One of the most enterprising Publishing Houses 
in America is that of Messrs. Lee, Shepard & Dillingham, 47 and 
49 Greene Street, New York, in connection with Lee & Shepard, 
the well-known Boston house. As jobbers of books at 
wholesale, to the trade only, they have great facilities and a 
very high reputation; and the two houses offer, in conjunc- 
tion, this spring, many books of special value. Among these 
are the complete works of the lamented Charles Sumner 
(subscription) ; Hebberd's " Secret of Christianity ; " the 
"Seven Daughters" of Amanda M. Douglas; "London 
Directory for Americans;" Mrs. Croly's "For Better or 
Worse;" the "Columbian Speaker;" many valuable juvenile 
publications, etc. 

An Express Company, between America and 
Europe, carrying matter carefully, swiftly, reliably and. cheap- 
ly, has long been a desideratum with those doing business 
between the two continents ; and that want, it is pleasant to say 
seems to be entirely supplied by the North Atlantic Forward- 
ing and Express Company, No. 48 Broadway, New York, with 
offices in all the leading cities of Europe. Personal expe- 
rience tells us that the North Atlantic is a dependence as 
well as a necessity, and worthy of its name in both relations. 

The Home Journal, the leading fashion and society 
paper in America, and indeed holding a corresponding place in 
that regard to the London " Court Journal," while it pos- 
sesses a literary ability to which the English exponent of aris- 
tocracy and fashion cannot pretend, has actually become a 



334 SHOUT-TRIP GUIDE. 

necessity in the higher walks of American life, and is begin- 
ning to exercise no small influence as a fashion-authority 
abroad. It presents, for 1874, still added features of excel- 
lence and attractiveness, promising and warranting the high- 
est prosperity in the future. 

Passports for Europe, as all know, are convenient 
and profitable, if not always indispensable — as they supply 
identification, often save fees, etc. Arrangements have been 
made by which they can be supplied at the very shortest notice, 
on application at MorforWs Travel Office, 52 Broadway, or to 
James Taylor, Passport Agent, Notary and Commissioner 
for all the States, No. 383 Broadway, near White Street, New 
York City. 

Intending passengers for Europe or tourists to any 
part of America can examine maps, trace out routes, obtain 
any information desired or have passages secured by any of the 
best lines of travel, with the advantages of the personal ex- 
perience of an old traveller, at Morfortfs Travel Office, 52 
Broadway, New York — now open in connection with the 
management and publication of the " Short-Trip Guides" to 
Europe and America. 

At the American Branch of the house of Messrs. 
Thomas Cook & Son — Cook, Son & Jenkins, 261 Broadway, 
all the Cook's Tourist Tickets may be obtained, for both 
European and American travel, and much money saved in 
going over many routes on both continents. 

It is scarcely necessary to call the attention of the 
American of average intelligence, to the excellence of the 
Aldine— the monthly publication of Messrs. Jas. Sutton & Co., 
58 Maiden Lane, New York ; as that unique sheet has some 
time since won the reputation of being the handsomest bit of 
printing, whether of pictures or letter-press, in any land or 
any language. But it is also well to know that the Aldine 
can now only be procured by subscription, as well as that 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 335 

some splendid chromo prizes are offered to subscribers for 
1874. In connection, the Printing-House of Messrs. James 
Sutton & Co., 23 Liberty Street, New York, needs no other 
endorsement of the excellence of its work than to say that 
the Aldine is printed there. 

It will be noticed, with pleasure, by many patrons 
of the old house of Poole & Maclauchlan, printers, that one 
of the partners of that firm, Mr. A. C. Maclauchlan, has opened 
a Printing House containing every facility for doing all des- 
criptions of book, pamphlet, law, commercial and general 
printing, with the rapidity and correctness of the old firm 
(which is saying everything), at Nos. 145 and 147 Mulberry 
Street, New York City. In this day of sudden need of books 
and other products of the printer's art, such reliable houses 
are among the necessities of the time ; and all employers of 
the "art preservative of all arts" will give them glad 
welcome. 

The " Standard Pianos " of Messrs. Peek & Co., sole 
managers of the Waverly Piano Co., who have their Office and 
Warerooms at No. 11 Clinton Place, New York, command 
attention among all lovers and judges of fine musical instru- 
ments, to a degree that might be startling to some of the 
more pretentious but far less careful makers. The fact is, 
that the house of Peek & Son dates back more than fifty 
years, to those times when work was done conscientiously — 
and that they have never yet been able to adapt themselves to 
the modern art of trading on a great name and " slighting " 
labor and materials so as to secure rapid fortunes. Mean- 
while, they necessarily make good instruments, and the musi 
cal world is all the richer if they are all the poorer. 

One of the true luxuries of business, in the City of 
New York, is found in the arrangements of the American Dis- 
trict Telegraph Company, by which messengers are secured so 
certainly and rapidly, while police aid can be summoned in a 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

moment, and all one's concerns, so to speak, placed under 
the protection of the wire and the Pucks whom it sets in 
motion. 

PHILADELPHIA SPECIALTIES. 

One of the most solid, substantial and creditable of 
all the institutions in Philadelphia, which in 1876 is to be for 
the time the Metropolitan City, in honor of the Centennial, — is 
the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company ', founded in 1847, 
under the strict laws which prevailed a quarter of a century 
ago ; conducted on the purely mutual system, by officers who 
have the full confidence of the community ; and showing the 
splendid exhibit of assets, of $4,500,000. The Penn is 
well worthy the noble old name which it commemorates ; 
and well-instructed Philadelphians hold a world of local 
pride in it, apart from personal business connection. 

Visitors from all the world, fully instructed in the 
best things and the most interesting places of modern times, 
naturally resort to the elegant stone edifice, No. 1609 Chest- 
nut street, Philadelphia, whether for business reasons, or in 
the exercise of laudable curiosity, — to see the head-quarters 
©f the celebrated Palmer Artificial Limbs —the " Palmer Leg " 
and" Palmer Arm," both acknowledged to be unequalled in 
the world of material benevolence. What with the results 
of war and of inevitable accident, ten thousand of the Pal- 
mer Limbs are now in use ; and at the present time the de- 
mand is exceptionally great, on account of a wonderful im- 
provement recently patented by Dr. Palmer, which enables 
the wearer to walk, in an elastic " safety socket," with perfect 
ease and naturalness, however tender the stump of the limb 
to which it is applied. This is considered the greatest 
triumph ever won in the art, mighty as the previous successes 
have been. Professor Oliver "Wendell Holmes, writing in 
the Atlantic Monthly, May, 1863, says of this invention : " The 
starting-point of this paper was a desire to call attention to a 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 337 

remarkable American invention, which at the present time 
assumes a vast importance and interests great multitudes. 
While the weapons that have gone from Mr. Colt's armories 
have been carrying death to friend and foe, the beneficent 
and ingenious inventions of Dr. Palmer have been repairing 
the losses inflicted by the implements of war. Artificial 
limbs owe their perfection to his skill and long- continued 
labor. * * The ' Palmer Leg ' is one of the most un- 
questionable triumphs of American ingenuity. Its victori- 
ous march has been unimpeded by any serious obstacle, since 
it first stepped into public notice. The inventor was intro- 
duced by the late Dr. John C. Warren, in 1846, to the Massa- 
chusetts General Hospital, which institution he has supplied 
with his artificial limbs. He obtained the Great Medal, and 
an honorable mention, from the Royal Commissioners of the 
World's Exhibition in London — being the only maker of legs 
so distinguished. This is only one of fifty honorary awards 
he has received at various times. The famous surgeons of 
London, the Societe de Chirurgie, of Paris, and the most cele- 
brated practitioners of the United States, have given him their 
hearty recommendation." 

The Travellers' Official Guide, published monthly 
by the National Railway Publication Company, Philadelphia, 
is very correct, careful, and wonderfully comprehensive, and 
affords incomparably the best authority on the Western 
Continent, as to times of trains, connections, and every 
information necessary for the traveller. [To be purchased 
at all news and periodical establishments.] 

AMEKICAU" THEMES FOE PEIDE. 

America has no greater theme for pride, in any one 
single detail, than it finds in the Grant Locomotives, made at the 
Grant Locomotive Works, Paterson, New Jersey, and of 
which the splendid " America" won the great gold medal at 



338 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Paris Exposition of 1867. That the same result would 
have followed at Vienna, could Mr. Grant have been induced 
to exhibit there, is beyond question ; but, failing that, we 
have still the privilege of pointing out to travellers, and those 
interested in railway stock and machinery, those admirable 
works, so well worth visiting, and the colossal things of 
mingled beauty and power whieh continually emanate from 
them. The late selection of this establishment, by the Rus- 
sian government, against the claims and offers of so many 
engine-builders, to supply no less than sixty-five locomo- 
tives for the Imperial roads, — is a subject of additional pride 
not only to the enterprising proprietors of the Grant Works, 
but to all Americans as well. 

Neither Americans who travel in any part of their 
own land, nor people of other nations who visit them, long re- 
main ignorant of the unequalled luxury of the Pullman 
Palace Cars, now used on most of the best roads on this 
continent, and destined to supersede all others at an early 
period, as well as to follow up their recent introduction into 
England by spreading over the whole of Europe. Not only 
are the Pullman carriages perfect as to strength and luxury 
but Col. Pullman and his coadjutors seem to understand two 
things worth knowing, with reference to their management. 
1st, that the prices for Pullmans, over any route, should be 
low, as they are ; and 2d, that the comfort and luxury of the 
carriages themselves must be depended upon for any endur- 
ing patronage, and not the scanting of the number of ordinary 
cars on the trains, so as to drive people into them, as is notably 
done on some of the lines on which the Pullman coaches 
are not employed. All honor to Col. Pullman and his co- 
workers, not only for the introduction of these now indis- 
pensable luxuries in American travel, but for managing 
them with liberality, so as to make and keep them truly a 
blessing to the travelling world. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 339 

That decline in American ship-building, which has 
been for years one of the chief subjects of regret with those 
anxious for the national honor, has at last received a check, as 
most readers are advised, out of which must ultimate^ grow 
one of the great themes of American pride. In the es- 
tablishment of the Delaicare River Iron Sliip-Building and 
Engine Works, at Chester, Pennsj lvania (in connection with 
the well-known Morgan Iron Works, foot of E. 9th Stree^ 
New York), is found the nucleus around which the iron 
ship-building of the future must certainly grow to gratifying 
proportions. From these works have already emanated 
some scores of vessels of fine class and standing, in addition 
to minor productions in large numbers ; but in the building 
of the new iron fleet for the Pacific Mail Steamship Com- 
pany, now successfully in progress, the capacities of the 
works are being much more satisfactorily tested. The " City 
of Peking," not long since launched for that line, is not only 
the next vessel in size to the " Great Eastern," but pronoun- 
ced by experts one of the strongest as well as one of the 
largest and best built vessels afloat. Meanwhile it is gratify- 
ing to see that the efforts of Mr. John Roach, the President 
of the ship-building company, are being duly appreciated by 
leading citizens, an influential number of whom gave Mr. 
Roach a banquet, and presented him with a valuable service 
of plate, at Delmonico's, New York, on the evening of April 
30th ; and every lover of American enterprise will echo the 
words of Mayor Havemeyer, following the presentation by 
Judge Brady, in which he said that "silently in our midst 
the new art has found a resting-place, and on the banks of 
the Delaware the problem has been solved, that whatever 
can be done in any part of the world carj be accomplished 
here. This triumph has been achieved by the 

skill, energy and ability of the gentleman whom we have, 
this evening, met to honor; and I feel, in common with you 
all, that he is worthy of all the honor you can confer on him." 



340 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

LANDS OP THE GREAT WEST. 

The Union Pacific Land announcement demands 
close attention, as the lands thus offered are among the most 
valuable in the world, forming one of the most profitable of 
investments, and one of the great dependences of European 
emigration to America, in the magnificent future, which 
must supply homes to fifty millions of the now overcrowded 
residents of the Old World. As noted in that announcement, 
full particulars with reference to location and character of 
lands are sent freely and promptly on application. 

In the announcement of Lands of the Northren 
Pacific Railroad (" The New North-west ") will be found mat- 
ter of great interest to colonists, capitalists, and intending emi- 
grants, as well as to the agricultural community at large; 
the " Wheat Field of America," there offered under peculiar 
advantages, being one of the legitimate boasts of the con- 
tinent, and one of the great agricultural dependences of the 
coming time, when the Northern road opens the country 
from the Lakes to the North Pacific. Of these valuable 
lands, also, full particulars are at once sent on application. 



ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



v/T 






AM. PHOTO 




RiAJILW A Y s 

I'XiTWit STATES 

< A\AI)\ 

MO It FO ft IIS 

short trip guide 
'• MEe'rISA, 



STEAMSHIP LINES. 



SHORT- TRIP G UW E. —A NNO UKCEMEKTS. 



1874. CUNARD LINE. 1874. 

BRI'llSH ^ffl^V BETWEEN 

Liverpool, Bos/on &r* 

Horth American" 



New York j 

CALLING AT 

^$^B& CORK HARBOR. 

Mail Steamships ^ ^ggH^ Three Sailings every 

Established 1840. JHH^" Week. 

Scotia, Olympus, Atlas, Calabria, Cuba, 

Bothnia, Russia, Marathon, Tarifa, Abyssinia, 

Algeria, Scythia, Hecla, Sidon, Batavia, 

Samaria, Pakthia, Java, Morocco, Palmyra, 

Aleppo, Siberia, China, Kedar, Malta. 

With the view of diminishing the chances of Collision, the Steamers of 
this Line take a specified course for all seasons of the year. On the Out- 
ward Passage from Queenstown to New Ycrk or Boston, crossing Mer- 
idian of 50 at 43 Lat.Tor nothing to the North of 43. On the Homeward 
Passage, crossing the Meridian of 50 at 42 Lat., or nothing to the North 
of 42. 




From, Liverpool— Tuesdays, Saturdays and Thursdays ; calling at Cork 

Harbor the following days. From New York — Wednesdays 

and Saturdays. From Boston — Tuesdays. 

Rates of Cabin Passage Money : 15 Guineas, 17 Guineas, and 21 Guineas, 
according to the accommodation. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months), 30 Guineas. 
Rates of Passage Money by the Steamers carrying no Steerage Passen- 
gers: Chief Cabin, Twenty-six Pounds ; 
Second Cabin, Eighteen Pounds. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months), Chief Cabin, Fifty Pounds. 



Children between Two and Twelve Years, Half-Fare. 

These rates include Steward's Fee and Provisions, but without Wines 
or Liquors, which can be obtained on board. 

Passengers booked through to San Francisco, China, Japan, India, 
New Zealand, and Australia, by Pacific Railway and Mail Steamers. 

The Passengers and Goods for New York are in'ended to be landed at 
Jersey City, within the jurisdiction of the Custom House of New York. 

B^^Apply at the Company's Office, New York, to Charles G. Franck- 
lyn, Agent; at the Company's Office. Boston, to James Alexander, 
Agent ; in Halifax, to William Cunard; in Havre to Burns & Mac 
Iver, 21 Quai d'Orleans; in Paris, to Buf>s & Mac Iver. 12 Place de 




D. & C. MAC IVER, 

8 Water Street, Liverpool. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



INMAN LINE. 



NEW YORK 

TO 

LIVERPOOL 

Twice every week. 




FROM 
PIEI£ 4:5, 

North River, 

New York. 



The Large, Full-Powered, Clyde-Built Stfamshipi 



CITY OF BERLIN, 
CITV OF CHESTER, 
CITY OF RICHMOND, 
CITY OF MONTREAL, 
CITY OF BRUSSELS, 
CITY OF PARIS, 
CITY OF BROOKLYN, 



CITY CF NEW YORK, 
CITY OF LONDON, 
CITY OF BALTIMORE 
CITY OF ANTWERP, 
CITY OF BRISTOL, 
CITY OF LIMERICK, 
CITY OF DURHAM. 



The course laid down for these steamers, and followed by them for 
several years, is fixed to pass 250 miles south of Cape Kace. Although 
the voyage is thus lengthened about 100 miles, better weather is met 
with and there is much greater freedom from fogs and floating ice and 
the danger of navigation consequent thereon. 

RA TES OF PA SSA GE. 
To Liverpool, $80 and $90 gold. I From Liverpool, $75 and $90 gold. 

(15 to 18 Guineas.) 

Round Trip Tickets, $140 and $160 gold. 

Steamers leave Liverpool every Tuesday and Thursday. 
" " Queenstown, every Wednesday and Friday. 

" " New York, every Thursday and Saturday. 

For further information, apply at the Company's Offices : 

Liverpool, Wm. Inman, 62 and 63 Tower Buildings. 

Qtieenstown, C. & W. D. SEYMOUR. 

London, Eives & Allen, 61 King William Street. 

Paris, Wm. Inman, 9 Rue Scribe. 

Boston, M. S. Creagh, 102 State Street. 

Philadelphia, O'Donnell & Faulk. 402 Chestnut Street. 

Chicago, Francts C. Brown, 32 S. Clarke St. ; and in 
New York to 

JOHN G. DALE, Agent, 

IS BROADWAY. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

LIVERPOOL 

AND 

NEW YORK STEAMERS 

Carrying the United States Mails. 




MANHATTAN, IDAHO, MINNESOTA, 

WISCONSIN, DACOTAH, NEVADA, 

WYOMING, MONTANA. 

The above Steamers are New, of the Largest Class, and built express- 
ly for the Trade. Have five Water-Tight Bulkheads, and carry exper- 
ienced Officers, Surgeons and Stewardesses. 

The Saloon accommodations and attendance are unsurpassed by any 
Atlantic Steamers. 

SAILING FROM 

New York on Tuesdays, and Liverpool on 
Wednesdays. 

(Calling at Queenstown to land and receive Mails and Passengers.) 



PASSAGE. 

New York to Liverpool, , $80 gold. 

Liverpool to New York, . . ^15 or ^18, 

A ccording to Staterooms. 
AGENTS. 

GUION & CO., WILLIAMS & GUION, 

Liverpool. 63 Wall Street, New York. 

A. S. PETRIE & CO., J. M. CURRIE, 

11 Old Broad St., London. Paris and Havre. 



SHORT- TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



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NATIONAL LINE. 

Steamers Weekly Between 

NEW YORK, LIVERPOOL AND QUEENSTOWN. 



Spain, 


4,871 tons. 


England, 


4,500 tons 


Egypt, 


• 5,150 ' 


The Queen, 


• 4,47o 


Italy, 


4,34o 


Helvetia, 


4,020 


Holland, . 


• 3,847 ' 


Erin, . 


• 4,030 " 


France, 


3, 6 7 6 


Canada, . 


4,500 


Denmark, . 


• 3>724 " 


Greece, 


• 4,500 " 



The above powerful British-built Iron Steamships, with spar decks, 
and water-compartments, THE LARGEST IN THE TRADE, during 
the season of 1874, will form this favorite line, leaving 

LIVERPOOL, .... EVERY WEDNESDAY. 

QUEENSTOWN, .... EVERY THURSDAY. 

NEW YORK, EVERY SATURDAY. 

Fortnightly to and from LONDON DIRECT. 
From the Company's Wharves, 

PIERS 44 AND 47, NORTH RIVER. 



Rates of Passage Payable in U. S. Currency : 

1st. 2d. 

To Liverpool, Queenstown, or Londonderry, . . . $80 $70 

London, (via Liverpool,) 90 80 

Hamburg, . . . • , 95 9° 

Bremen, , 115 100 

Antwerp, 95 9° 

Havre, , .... 95 90 

Paris 95 9° 

Tickets to Liverpool and return, 150 150 

Prepaid Cabin Tickets from Liverpool or Queenstown, 80 70 

Steerage outwards, $29. 

The 2d rate includes first-class to London, Paris, &c. 

F. W. J. HURST, Manager, 

69 BROADWAY. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE -ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

AMERICAN LINE 

Mail Steamers. 

PHILADELPHIA AND LIVERPOOL 

Calling at Queenstown. 

The only Line Sailing under the 

jlrrLe-riccLTi Flag. 




PENNSYLVANIA, INDIANA, 

OHIO, ABBOTSFORD 

KENILWORTH, ILLINOIS. 

Every Thursday from Philadelphia. 
Every ^Vednesday from Liverpool. 

C At the Lowest Rates to and. from all Princi- 
•? pal Points in Great Britain, Ireland and the 
(_ Continent. 

DRAFTS FOR SALE IN SUMS TO SUIT. 
For TICKETS and further information, apply to 

PETER WRIGHT & SONS, 

General Agents, 
307 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

RICHARDSON, SPENOE & GO., Agents, 

LIVERPOOL. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




STEAMERS TO FRANCE DIRECT. 

TRANSIT BY RAILROAD AND CROSSING THE 
ENGLISH CHANNEL AVOIDED. 

General Transatlantic 

COMPANY'S 

FIRST-CLASS STEAMSHIPS, 

Under Government Contract to carry the Mails between 

NEW YORK & HAVRE, 

CALLING AT BREST EACH WAY. 

Leaving New York every Thursday* 

Ville de Paris, 
Pereire, Lafayette, 

Saint Laurent, Amerique, 

France, Labrador. 

Passage Money ( Wine included) Payable in Goldy 

FROM NEW YORK TO BREST OR HAVRE, 

FIRST CABIN, $125. SECOND CABIN, $75. 
Superior accommodations for a few Steerage passengers, at $35^ 

Excursion Tickets issued at a Reduction of 10 Per Cent, 

MEDICAL ATTENDANCE FREE OF CHARGE. 

American Travelers going- to or returning from the Continent of Europe; 
by taking this Line, avoid both transit by English railway and the dis- 
comforts of crossing the Channel, besides saving time, trouble and ex- 
pense. For Freight or Passage apply at the Office of 

GEORGE MACKENZIE, Agent, 

55 Broadway ', New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




Between New York and Glasgow. 

Sailing- Three Times a Week. 

Every Tuesday, calling at Londonderry, (Ireland). 

Every Thursday, calling at Queenstown, (Ireland). 

Every Saturday, to Glasgow Direct. 

The Splendid Full-Powered Clyde-built Steamships : 

ETHIOPIA, OLYMPIA, MACEDONIA, 

VICTORIA, EUROPA, INDIA, 

ELYSIA, TRINACRIA, ANGLIA, 

BOLIVIA, ITALIA, AUSTRALIA, 

CALIFORNIA, CALEDONIA, UTOPIA. 

CASTALIA. 

And otherfirst-class ships, comprising one of the largest fleets in any 

service. 

The Anchor Line Steamers are 

FIRST-CLASS IN EVERY RESPECT, 

Safe, Comfortable, Reliable, Splendidly Fitted Up, and in their Ap- 
pointments and Equipments not excelled by any other line. 

Through Tickets issued to and from any Seaport or Railway Station in 

the World. 



RATES OF PASSAGE: 

Tuesday's Steamers, $75 to $90 currency, according to accommodation. 
Thursday and Saturday steamers, $65 to $80, " " 

Excursion Tickets, GOOD FOR ONE YEAR, at reduced rates. 
Round Excursion Tickets to Glasgow, the Mediterranean Ports, and 
homeward, at low figures. 



COMPANY'S OFFICES: 
LIVERPOOL, 1 7 Water St. GLA SGO IV, 5 1 Union St. 

LONDONDERRY, 30 Foyle St. CHIC A GO, N. E. corner of 
NE W YORK, 7 Bowling Green. Madison and La Salle Sts. 

HENDERSON BROTHERS, Agents. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIIE —ANNO UN CEMENTS 



NORTH GERMAN LLOYD. 



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The Screw Steamers of the North German Lloyd : 



Rhein, Hermann, Hansa, 

Main, New York, Frankfurt 

Donau, Hannover, Mosel, 

Deutschland, Strassburg, Berlin, 

Koln, Baltimore, Bismarck, 

Neckar, Ohio, GrafMoltke, 

Leipzig, America, Oder, 

Weser, Bremen, Kronprinz Friedrich Wilhelm. 

General Von Roon. 
These Vessels carry the German, British and United States Mails, 

and leave 
Bremen for New York, via Southampton, every Wednesday and Saturday. 



Habsburg, 

Hohengolern, 

hohenstauffer, 

Salier, 

Braunschweig, 

Nurnberg, 

General Werder, 



for Baltimore, 
" for New Orleans, 
11 for A spin wall, 
New York for Bremen, 
Baltimore for Bremen, 
New Orleans for Bremen, 
Aspinwall for Bremen, 



on alternate Wednesdays, 
once every month. 

U 11 11 

every Wednesday and Saturday, 
on alternate Saturdays, 
once every month. 



The above vessels have been constructed in the most approved manner; 
they are of 3.000 tons, and 700 horse-power each, and are commanded by 
men of character and experience, who will make every exertion to pro- 
mote the comfort and convenience of passengers. They touch at South- 
ampton, or the outward trip, for the purpose of landing passengers for 
England and France. 

These Vessels take Freight to Bremen, London, Hull, Rotterdam, 
Antwerp and Hamburg, for which through bills of lading are signed. 

An experienced surgeon is attached to each vessel. 

All letters must pass through the post office. 

Specie taken to Havre, Southampton and Bremen at the lowest rates. 

For Prices of Passage, and all further particulars, apply to NORTH 
GERMAN LLOYD, Bremen; KELLER, WALLIS & POSTLE- 
THWAITE, Southampton and London; PHILLTPPSj GRAVES, PHIL- 
LIPPS & CO., London; L'HERBETTE, KANE & CO., Havre and 
Paris; OELRICHS & CO., New York; A. SCHUMACHER & CO., 
Baltimore; ED. F. STOCKMEYER & CO., New Orleans; H. UP- 
MAN & CO., Havana; W. P. MAAL Y HERMANO, Aspinwall. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



Pacific Mail Steamship Co.s 

NEW AND MAGNIFICENT STEAMERS, 

Carrying Mails, Passengers and Freight to 

SAN FRANCISCO, CHINA 
AND JAPAN, 

Via Kingston (Jamaica), and Isthmus of Panama, 

Making connections for all Central and South Ameri- 
can and Mexican ports. 

DEPARTURES. 

New York to San Francisco and vice versa, every alternate 

Saturday. 

San Francisco to China and Japan, every 1 5 days. 

COMPANY'S FLEET. 

City of Peking, City of Tokio, City of Panama, 
City of Guatemala, Colon, Acapulco, 

Granada, Colima. Henry Chauncy, 

Rising Star, Montana, (S. W.) Arizona, 

Constitution, Mohongo, Nevada, 

California, Orizaba, Pacific, 

Honduras, Senator, Salvador, 

Montana, (screw) Costa RicA,(screw) St. Louis, 
Great Republic, Ancon, Japan, 

Colorado, China, Costa Rica, (S.W.) 

Oregonian, Alaska, New York, 

Golden Age. 

For Passage Tickets or further information, apply to 

H. J. BULLAY, Suft, 

Pier 42, N. R., foot of Canal St., New York. 

RUFUS HATCH, 

Vice-Pres't and Managing Director. 



SHORT. TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



Peninsular & Oriental Steam 
Navigation Company. 

OFFICES : 
122 Leadenhall St., London, 

Oriental Place, Southampton. 

Agents in Liverpool, FLETCHER &° PARR, 
23 Castle Street. 

Agents in New York, COOK, SON &= JENKINS, 
261 Broadway. 

The Lines oe Steam Communication embraced by the Com- 
pany's operations are as follows, viz : 





DATE AND HOUR OF DEPAR'l URE. 


PORTS. 


From 
Southampton. 


From Venice, 
Call, at Ancona 


From 
Brindisi. 


Gibraltar 1 

Malta 

Alexandria } 

Aden 

Bombay J 

GALLE "I 

Madras 

Calcutta 

Penang 

Singapore r 

Hong Kong 

Shanghai 

Yokohama 

King George's Sound ) 

Melbourne > 

Sydney ) 


Every Thurs- 
day, at 2 p.m. 

Thursday.Jan. 
1st, & every 
alt ernat e 
Thursday 
thereafter. 

Thursday, Jan. 
15th, & every 
4th Thursday 
thereafter. 


Every Friday 
Morning. 

Friday, Jan. 9, 
and every al- 
ternate Fri- 
day thereaf- 
ter. 

Friday, Jan. 23, 
and every 4th 
Friday there- 
after. 


Every Monday 
at 5 a.m. 

Monday, Jan- 
uary 12th,and 
every alter- 
nate Monday 
thereafter. 

Monday, Jan. 
26th, & every 
4th Monday 
thereafter. 



RATES OF FIRST-CLASS PASSAGE: 
FROM SOUTHAMPTON to Aden, £45 ; Bombay, £65 ; 
Ceylon, £65 ; Madras, £65 ; Calcutta, £65 ; Penang, 
£80; Batavia, £90; Hong Kong, £90; Shanghai, £100; 
Yokohama, £100 ; King Geoge's Sound, £80 ; Adelaide, 
Melboune and Sidney, £85. 

FROM VENICE, ANCONA o BRINDISI, £5 less than 
from Southampton. 

Rates exclusive of Wines, Beer or Spirits ; or of transit 
through Egypt, £3; or of Suez Canal tolls, (£1). Extra 
rates for married couples occupying reserved cabin. Chil- 
dren above 3 and under 10, fraction above half price ; 
under 3, free. Second-class passage, averaging 65 to 70 
per cent, of first-class. 



BANKING HOUSES. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNGEMENTS. 

BROWN BROTHERS & CO. 

59 Wall Street, New York, 

Issue, against cash deposited, or satisfactory guarantee of repayment, 
Circular Credits for Travellers, in dollars for use in the United States and 
adjacent countries, and in Pounds Sterling for use in any part of the 
world. 

These credits, bearing the signature of the holder, afford a ready 
means of identification, and the amounts for which they are issued can 
be availed of from time to time, and wherever he may be, in sums to 
meet the requirements of the traveller. 

Applications for Credits may be made to the above house direct, or 
through any first-class bank or banker in this country. 



They also issue Commercial Credits, make Cable Transfers of Money 
between this Country and England, and Draw Bills of Exchange on 
Great Britain and Ireland. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY &> CO., 

Founder's Court, Lothbury, London. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY & CO., 

Chapel Street, Liverpool* 

DREXEL, MORGAN & CO., 

Wall Street, Corner of Broad, 

NEW YORK, 

DREXEL & CO. DREXEL, HARJES & CO. 

34 South Third Street, 3, Rue Scribe, 

Philadelphia. Paris. 

ISSUE 

COMMERCIAL AND TRAVELLING CREDITS 

Available in all parts of the World. 



TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFERS 

TO AND FROM EUROPE, HAVANA AND SAN FRANCISCO, 



Attorneys and Agents of 
Messrs. J. S. MORGAN & CO., LONDON. 



SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Duncan, Sherman & Co., 

BANKERS, 

Corner of Pine and Nassau Sts., New York, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and TRAVELING CREDITS, 

Available in all the Principal Cities of the World. 



TRANSFERS OF MONEY BY TELEGRAPH TO EUROPE, 
CUBA, AND THE PACIFIC COAST. 



Accounts of Country Banks and others Received. 

John Munroe & Company, 

BANKERS, 

No. 8 Wall Street, New York, and 
No. 41 State Street, Boston, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR LETTERS of CREDIT for Travelers, 

ON THE 

CONSOLIDATED BANK, London, 

AND ON 

Munroe & Company, 

No. 7 Rue Scribe, PARIS. 



EXCHANGE ON LONDON AND PARIS 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE—ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

MORTON, BLISS & CO., 

Bankers, 
i Broad Street, New York, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and LETTERS OF CREDIT 

For Travellers ; also 

COMMERCIAL CREDITS 

available in all parts of the world. 

Negotiate First-Class Railway, City and State Loans, make 

Telegraphic Transfers of Money, allow Interest 

on Deposits and Draw Exchange on 

MORTON, ROSE &> CO., London, 

HOTTINGUER &» CO., Paris, 

HOPE & CO., Amsterdam. 

ANDREWS & CO., 

io Place Vendome, Paris, 

WALKER, ANDREWS & CO., 

14 Wall Street, New York. 



>♦ • 



CIRCULAR NOTES for £io, £20 and £50 on Union Bank 
of London, payable free of all commissions. 

LETTERS OF CREDIT on Union Bank of London and Paris 
House, payable either in Sterling or Francs, at the option of 
the holder. 

CASH Letters of Credit, Circular Notes on London, and buy 
and sell drafts on New York, London, Paris and other 
cities, at best rates. 

INTEREST PAID ON DEPOSITS 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

The Canadian Bank of Commence, 



Xr. 

Capital, . . . 06,ooo,ooo, Gold. 

Surplus, . . . 1,500,000, Gold. 

% : 

HEAD OFFICE: 

TORONTO, ONTARIO. 

New York Agency, No. 50 Wall Street. 

X 

Buys and sells STERLING EXCHANGE, makes CABLE 

TRANSFERS, grants COMMERCIAL CREDITS, 

and. transacts other BANKING business. 

J. G. HARPER, J. H. GOADBY, 

A GENTS. 

WILLIAMS & GUION, 

63 WALL ST., NEW YORK. 
Travelers' and Commercial Credits Issued, 

A vailable in all £arts of Europe^ &c. 

BILLS OF EXCHANQE 

Drawn in sums to suit purchasers ; ALSO CABLE TRANSFERS. 



Advances Made upon Consignments of Cotton and 
other Produce to Ourselves or Correspondents. 

ALEX. S. PETRIE & CO., GUION & CO., 

London. Liverpool. 



INSURANCE COMPANIES. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




HANOVER 



Fire Insurance Company, 

OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 

Office, No. 1 20 Broadway, cor. Cedar St., 

(Equitable Life Assurance Co's Building.) 



Incorporated 1852. 



B. S. WALCOTT, President 
I. REMSEN LANE, Secretary. 
HENRY KIP, Assistant Secretary. 



Cash Assets, 



$1,085,337.60 



AGENCIES IN ALL THE PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES. 

Eastern Agency Department, - THOMAS JAMES, Actuary 

Western and Southern Agency Department, " The Underwriters 

Agency," A. STODDART, General Agent. 



SHOUT- TRIP G UIBE. —ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



The Mutual Life 

Insurance Company 
of new york, 

140 to 146 Broadway, 



NEW YORK CITY. 



F. S. WINSTON, President 



Cash Assets Over $65,000,000. 

Invested in Loans on Bond and Mortgage, or 
United States Stocks. 



Issues every approved description of Life and 
Endowment Policies on selected lives at Moderate 
Rates, returning all surplus annually to the policy- 
holders, to be used either inpayment of premiums, 
or to purchase additional insurance, at the option of 
the assured. 



RICHARD A. McCURDY, Vice-President. 

JOHN M. STUART, Secretary. 

WM. H. C. BARTLETT, LD.D., Actuary 



SHOE T- TRIP G (TIDE. —A NNO UNGEMENTS. 



THE 



EQUITABLE 

LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY 

OF THE UNITED STATES. 

No. 120 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 



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Purely Mutual. Annual Dividends. 



New Business larger than any other Company in America or Europe. 
Average Annual Growth greater than any other leading Company. 
Percentage of Losses to Policies in force, less than any other. Per- 
centage of Expenses to Income, less than the average of other New 
York Companies. 

OFFICERS : 
WILLIAM C. ALEXANDER, President. 

HENRY B. HYDE, " 1 Vice . Presidents 
JAMES W. ALEXANDER, S. ^esiaents. 

SAM'L BORROWE, Secretary. 

WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Ass 7 Secretary. 



GEO W. PHILLIPS,)^ ctuaries 
J. G. VAN CISE, \ Actuaries. 

r j- Auditors. 



W. P. HALSTED. 
THEODORE WESTON, 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIBE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



Commenced Business in 1845. 



NEIV YORK 

LIFE INSURANCE CO. 




346 & 348 BROADWAY. 

Assets, $2 5,ooo,ooo. 

Annual Income, $8,000,000. 

Has Issued Over One Hundred Thousand Policies. 

Its Experience of more than a Quarter Century is an assurance against 
all doubtful experiments in the conduct of its business. 

It grants all desirable forms of Life Insurance, 

On Practical Plans and most Favorable Terms. 

ORDINARY LIFE POLICIES, LIMITED-PAYMENT LIFE 

POLICIES, ENDOWMENTS, ANNUITIES, AND 

TONTINE INVESTMENT POLICIES. 

MORRIS FRANKLIN, 
THEODORE M. BANTA, Cashier. President. 

WILLIAM H. BEERS, 
D. O'DELL, Sup't of Agencies. Vice- Pres't and Actuary. 



SH OR T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTb, 




IMPORTANT -^E 11 J9SHF V TO TRAVELERS. 
THE 

Travelers Insurance Co. 

OF HARTFORD, CONN. 

Cash Assets, $2,694,306.84. 

Grants everything desirable in 

LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE, 

ON THE MOST FA VORABLE TERMS. 

ACCIDENT DEPARTMENT. 

The Travelers Insurance Company, in its Accident Department is a 
General Accident Insurance Company granting policies of insurance 
against Death or wholly Disabling Injury by ACCIDENT, to Men of 
aU trades, professions and occupations, at rates within the reach of all. 
Policies are written for a term of one to twelve months each, and insure 
a sum of $500 to $10,000, at rates of premiums designated to cover risks 
at home and abroad— and covering all varieties of occupation. 

Daily Average of Losses Paid, $850. 

LIFE DEPARTMENT. 

In its Life Department, the Travelers grants full Life and Endow- 
ment Policies, embracing the best features of the best companies, 
as to non-forfeiture, terms of payment, etc., but without any of the com- 
plications or uncertainties of the note system. 

All policies nonforfeitable. Its five, ten, fifteen and twemty year 
policies can be converted into endowments, at the option of the insurant. 

This teature is original with this Company. 

The Travelers furnishes everything desirable in either Life or A cci- 
dent insurance. It has issued 300,000 general accident policies, and paid 
over nineteen thousand claims for death or injur}' by accident. It has 
issued nearly nineteen thousand full life policies, since the Life Depart- 
ment was established. 

JAMES G. BATTERSON, President, 

RODNEY DENNIS, Secretary. 

CHAS E. WILSON, Ass't Secretary. 

GEO. B. LESTER, Actuary, 
Policies written immediately on application, at the 

New York Office, 20J Broadway, 

R. M. JOHNSON, Manager. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



The Penn Mutual 



LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 



OF PHILADELPHIA. 



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The Penn is the only Purely Mutual Life Company in the State 
of Pennsylvania. All of the Surplus is divided among its mem- 
bers every year, thus furnishing them insurance at the lowest 
possible rates. All Policies non-forfeitable after the third year, 

SAMUEL C. HUEY, 

President. 
SAM'L E. STOKES, JAS. WEIR MASON, 

Vice-President. Actuary. 



H. S. STEPHENS, HENRY AUSTIE, 

2d Vice-President. Secretary. 



AMERICAN TRAVEL. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
The Great Trans- Continental All-Rail 

Union & Central Pacific Route 

Via Council Bluffs and Omaha, 

226 Miles the SHORTEST, 

FROM THE ATLANTIC COAST TO 

SALT LAKE CITY, 

SACRAMENTO, 

SAN FRANCISCO, 

AND ALL POINTS IN THE 

SANDWICH ISLANDS, JAPAN, 

NEW ZEALAND, CHINA, 

AUSTRALIA, INDIA. 



Five Hours the Quickest Route 

To DENVER, COL., NEW MEXICO and ARIZONA. 

PULLMAN'S PALACE DAY AND SLEEPING CARS are run on 
all Express Trains, and passengers are cautioned that only those who are 
ticketed via Omaha are sure of securing berths to points west of Cheyenne. 

Double Berth— Omaha to Ogden, $8 ; Ogden to San Francisco, $6. 

To Tourists, Pleasure and Health Seeker*, this Route offers unrivaled 
attractions in the beautiful Platte Valley ; the grand scenery of the Snowy 
Range ; the Passage of the Rocky Mountains (8,242 feet above the sea): 
the Laramie Plains ; the Wahsatch and Uintah Mountains ; the wild and 
weird Echo and Weber Canons ; the Great Salt Lake and its Mormon 
City, surrounded by lofty mountains, rivers filled with trout, hunting 

Sounds, medicinal springs, etc.; the Humboldt Sink ; the Sierra Nevadas- 
e Palisades ; the beautiful mountain lakes of Tahoe and Donner, and 
the passage of Cape Horn ; making a two thousand mile panorama of 
unequalled grandeur and beauty. 

Through Tickets for sale by F. KNOWLAND, General Agent, No. 
887 Broadway, New York, and at all principal ticket offices in the country 
Members of Colonies and Excursion Parties should address the Genera 
Ticket Agent for rates and arrangements. 

T. E. SICKLES, THOS. L. KIMBALL, 

Gen'l Sup't, U. P. R. R,, Omaha. Gen'l Ticket Agent, U. P. R. R., Omaha 

A. N. TOWNE, T. H. GOODMAN, 

Gen'l Supt. C. P. R. R., San Francisco. G. P. A., C. P. R. R.,San Francfeco 
[SEE NEXT PAGE.] 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UNCBMENT8. 
THE 

Union & Central Pacific Line. 

TRIP AROUND THE WORLD. 



From ATLANTIC CITIES to OMAHA, (Nebraska), via the Great 
Trunk Lines of Railway,— about 1,400 miles, in 50 hours. 

From OMAHA to SAN FRANCISCO, (California), via Union and 
Central Pacific Railroads, — 1,914 miles, in 4 days and 6 hours. 

From SAN FRANCISCO to YOKOHAMA, (Japan), by Pacific Mall 
Line Steamers, and by Australian and American Steamships, 4,700 miles, 
in 22 days. 

From YOKOHAMA to HONG KONG, (China), by Pacific Mail or 
Peninsular and Oriental Steamers, — 1,600 miles, in 6 days. 

From HONG KONG to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers,— 3,500 miles, in 14 days. 

Or from San Francisco to Calcutta via Australia, as follows : 

From SAN FRANCISCO to HONOLULU, (Sandwich Islands), by 
United States, New Zealand and Australia Mail Steamship Line, — 2,110 
miles, in 10 days. 

From HONOLULU to AUCKLAND, (New Zealand), by U. S., New 
Zealand and Aus. S. S. Line, — 3,800 miles, in 14 days. 

From AUCKLAND to SYDNEY, (Australia), by U. S., New Zeaknd 
and Aus. S. S. Line, — 1,277 miles, in 5 days. 

From SYDNEY to MELBOURNE, (Australia), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers,— 560 miles, in 3 days. 

From MELBOURNE to GALLE, (Ceylon), by Peninsular and Ori- 
ental Steamers, — 4,670 miles, in 21 days. 

From GALLE to CALCUTTA, (India), by Peninsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 1,315 miles, in 7 days. 

From CALCUTTA to BOMBAY, (India), by the East Indian and 
Great Indian Peninsular Railways, — 1,400 miles, in 2 days. 

From BOMBAY to SUEZ, (Egypt), by Peninsular and Oriental 
Steamers, — 3,600 miles, in 14 days. 

From SUEZ to ALEXANDRIA, (Egypt), by Rail along the Sue* 
Canal, — 225 miles, in 12 hours. 

From ALEXANDRIA to BRINDISI, (Italy), by Peninsular and 
Oriental Steamers, — 850 miles, in 3 days. 

From BRINDISI to LONDON, (England), by Rail, via Paris or the 
Rhine, — 1,200 miles, in 3 days. 

From LONDON to LIVERPOOL, (England), by Railway,— 900 
miles, in 5 hours. 

From LIVERPOOL to ATLANTIC CITIES, (America), by either of 
the Great Atlantic S. S. Lines,— 3,000 miles, in 10 days. 

Total distance, 23, 589 miles. Time, 81 days. 

OFFICES: 

No. 287 Broadway ', New York. 

No, 2 New Montgomery St., San Francisco j and 

General Foreign Agency, W. C. THOMPSON, 

22 Moorgate St., London. 

r SEE PRECEDING PAGE.] 



SHORT-TRIP G UIDE.—ANltO UNCEMENTS. 

Pennsylvania Railroad, 

THE GREAT TRUNK LINE, 

And most Direct Route to the West, Northwest and 
Southwest. 

Speed, Comfort and Safety Guaranteed by Steel Rails, 

Iron Bridges, Stone Ballast, Double Track, 

Westinghouse Air-Brake, and the 

Most Improved Equipment. 

Pullman Palace Day and Sleeping Cars are run by this 
Line from New York and Philadelphia, to 

Chicago, St. Louis, 

Louisville, Indianapolis, 

Cincinnati, Columbus, 

without change. 

Tickets sold and information given in regard to trains, &c, at the 
Offices of the Company : 

BOSTON . 

Nos. 77 and 79 Washington Street. 

NEW YORK : 

No. 526 Broadway, No. 435 Broadway, No. 271 Broadway, 
No. 1 Astor House, No. 944 Broadway, No. 8 Battery Place, 
Depot, foot of Desbrosses Street, Depot, foot of Cortlandt Street. 

PHILADELPHIA : 

No. 001 Chestnut St., No. 838 Chestnut St., No. 116 Market St., 

No. 4900 Main St., Germantown. Depot, 32d and Market Sts. 

BALTIMORE : 

N. E. cor. Baltimore and Calvert Sts. Calvert St. Station, N. C. Railway. 

WASHINGTON : 

N. E. cor. 13th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, 

N. E. cor. 6th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. 
Depot, Baltimore and Potomac Railroad, cor. 6th and B Streets. 

PITTSBURG : 

Union Depot, and 78 Fifth Avenue. 

Principal Ticket Offices in New England, Eastern Pennsylvania, and at 
all Hotel Ticket Offices. 

A. J. CASSATT, D. M. BOYD, Jr., 

General Manager. Gen. Pass. Aft. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
THE 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 

AND 

GREAT NATIONAL ROUTE, 

THE SHORTEST ROUTE 

FROM 

BALTIMORE AND WASHINGTON 



TO 



Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Columbus, Indianapolis, St 
Louis, Kansas City, St. Joseph, Omaha, San 
Francisco, Louisville, Nashville, Mem- 
phis, Vicksburg, New Orleans, Mo- 
bile, Galveston, and all the 
leading cities of the 
West, South- West and the North- West. 



Route passes through splendid scenery of the Allegheny 
Mountains, West Virginia, Ohio, &c. 

DOUBLE-TRACK, STEEL-RAIL AND STONE-BAL- 
LASTED ROAD. 



Magnificent Day Passenger Cars and Pullman Draw- 
ing-Room Day and Sleeping Coaches, through 
to principal cities without change. 

Great Public Thoroughfare between the South-East and 

West. 



L. M. COLE, Gen'l Ticket Agt. 

E. E. EORSEY, Asst. G. T. A., 

BALTIMORE. 



THOS. P. BARRY, 

Western Pass. Agt 
Cincinnati. 



THOS. KILKENY, Gen'l New York Passenger Agent, 
229 Broadway, New York. 



SHOE T- TRIP U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 

Chicago and North Western 
RAILWAY. 

Passengers for all Points North or West of Chicago and the 

PACIFIC COAST, 

Will find this the Shortest and most Comfortable Route, 
as it is the Line over which the Celebrated 

PULLMAN DINING CARS 

AND 

SLEEPING COACHES 

ARE RUN BETWEEN 

Chicago and San Francisco, 



Passengers should be particular to ask for Through Tickets via 

Chicago and North- Western Railway, 

On sale at all Principal R. R. Offices in the U. S. and Canadas. 

IN CHICAGO, 
AT THE COMPANY'S DEPOTS. 

W. H. Stennett, M. Hughitt, 

Gen 1 1 Ticket Agent. Gen^l SupH. 

L. F. BOOTH, 

General Eastern Agent, 229 Broadway, New York. 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 
To the Touristy Traveler and Pleasure Seeker. 

EXCURSION SEASON of 1874 

VIA NIAGARA FALLS, 

LAKE ONTARIO AND RAPIDS OF THE ST. 
LAWRENCE, 

To Montreal, Quebec, River Saguenay, Ha Ha Bay, 
White Mountains, Profile and Crawford Houses, Lake 
Champlain, Lake George, Saratoga, Portland, Lake 
Memphremagog, Boston, Newport, Albany, Hudson 
River, &c, &c., 
Via Grand Trunk Railway and Royal Mail 
Line of Steamers, 

AND THEIR CONNECTIONS. 

l*-cs35»> This Route possesses peculiar advantages, as by it parties have 
Iks? their choice of conveyance between NIAGARA FALLS and 
QUEBEC, over the whole or any portion of it, without being obliged 
to decide when purchasing their Tickets. Consequently, should the 
weather prove unfavorable, passengers may avoid Lake Ontario by 
taking the Grand Trunk Railway to Kingston, and from thence by one 
of the above steamers, making close connections. The Grand Trunk 
Railway, and also the Canadian Navigation Company's line of steamers 
offer better inducements to the traveling public than ever before. The 
Grand Trunk Railway has been relaid with the finest STEEL RAILS, 
and been equipped with New Locomotives and First Class Cars ; and 
the Grand Trunk Railway is now furnished with the very latest improved 
PULLMAN PALACE CARS. Between Toronto and Montreal, Mon- 
treal and Quebec, Quebec and Riviere du Loup, Pullman's Palace Cars 
are run on both day and night trains. 

The favorite Steamers of the Royal Mail Line have been thoroughly 
overhauled, re-fitted and refurnished. A fine new composite steamer, 
the Algerian, has been added to* the Line, and altogether the arrange- 
ments, both Railway and Steamer, are now such as to afford Tourists the 
greatest possible comfort. 

The Only Route to the WHITE MOUNTAINS, 6y which parties can 
ascend the celebrated Mount Washington, via the Glen and via the 
Carriage Road. 

Excursion Tickets, Round Trip, at greatly reduced rates, 
for upwards of one hundred different routes, for sale at all 
the principal Hotels and Ticket Offices in New York, Phila- 
delphia, Baltimore, etc., and at the General Agency of the 
Grand Trunk Railway, No. 175 Broadway, New York. 

EDW'D P. BEACH, Gen' I Agent, 

175 Broadway, New York. 
I. F HiCKS, Passenger Agent, 

175 Broadway, New York. 



SHORT- TRIP G U1DE.—ANN0 UN CEMENTS. 

New-Jersey Southern R. R. 

For the Season of 1874. 



Long Branch, Highlands, 

Monmouth Beach and Deal, 

WITH 

Through Line to Philadelphia. 

The fine Sea-going Steamers "JANE MOSELEY" and "RIVER 
BELLE " will be run between New York and Sandy Hook, in connec- 
tion with the 

New-Jersey Southern Rail Road, 

LEAVING PIER 8, NORTH RIVER, (Foot Rector St.,) 

Twice in the Forenoon and Twice in the Afternoon. 

(See advertisements in daily newspapers.) 



These trips afford delightful excursions down the 
magnificent Bay and Harbor of New York, in full 
view of the ocean, thence by Rail past the Highlands 
of Navesink to Long Branch. 

The New Jersey Southern R.R. Line runs through 
to PHILADELPHIA and VINELAND. Passengers 
for the south, by taking either of the steamers from 
New York, can remain over night at Long Branch 
and proceed on their journey at 7:15^ or 11:15 next 
morning. 

FROM PHILADELPHIA, the Line leaves foot of 
Market Street, for Long Branch and New York, twice 
daily (Sundays excepted). 

W. S. SNEDEN, Gen'l Manager. 



SH0RT-TM1P GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




n&n PEOPLE'S LINE 

OF 

STEAMERS 

BETWEEN 

New York and Albany. 
New York to Albany, 

STEAMERS 



ST. JOHN, 

Capt.W. H. Christopher 
Monday, 

Wednesday, 

Friday, 



DREW, 

Capt. S, J. Roe, 
Tuesday, 

Thursday, 
Saturday, 



From Pier 41, North River, 

(Near Jersey City Ferry, Desbrosses Street.) 

AT 6:00 P. M., 

Connecting with Trains of New 
York Central, Albany & Susque- 
hanna, Rensselaer & Saratoga, and 
Boston & Albany Railways ; and 
La keC hamplain Steamers. 

IIP' Tickets at the Office on the 
Wharf; also at Dodd's Express Of- 
fices, 944 Broadway, New York, and 
No . 1 C ourt Street, Brooklyn. 

ij£IF = ' Passengers leaving Washing- 
ton at 8:00 A.M., Baltimore at 9.25 
A.M., Philadelphia at 1.30 P.M., ar- 
rive in New York at 5.15 P.M., in 
time to co'nnect as above. 



A Ibany to New York, 

STEAMERS 



DREW, 

Capt. S J. Roe, 
Monday, 

Wednesday, 

Friday, 



ST. JOHN, 

Capt. W.H.Christopher 
Tuesday, 
Thursday, 
Saturday, 



From Steamboat Landing, 

AT 8:15 P. M., 

On arrival of Trains from North 

and West. 

^"Tickets to Philadelphia, Bal- 
timore, and Washington City, for 
sale on the Boats. 

Hudson River Railroad Tickets 
taken for passage, including State- 
Room Berth. 

JOHN C. HEWITT, 

Gen. Ticket Agent 



SHOR T~ TRIP G UIDE.—A NNO UN CEMENTS. 



w&Hzghgate SpT-^s 



ST.ALBANS 



iltort 

ssexJc. 
BSTfHmSGTOW 

V 

er-gemies^ 
iting 




BY 

DAYLIGHT. 



e r 



Albany & New York 
DA Y LINE 

OK 

STEAMBOATS, 
"C. VIBBARD," 



"DANIEL DREW," 

Leaving New York 

Every Morning (Sunday excepted) 

from Vestry St. Pier and 23d 

St. {south of Erie Ferry) 

Landing at Cozzens's, West Point, 
Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Rhine- 
beck, Catskill, and Hudson, afford- 
ing THE BEST MODE OF ENJOYING THE 

unsurpassed scenery, and of reach- 
ing the "Overlook" and "Catskill" 
Mountain Houses, Lebanon Springs 
(via Hudson), Sharon Springs by 
special train via Susquehanna Rail- 
way (all rail from Albany), Saratoga 
Springs, and all points north and 
west. 

Leave Albany every morning, 
(Sundays excepted), at 8.30 A. M., 
from foot of Hamilton St. 

ISAAC L. WELSH, 
General Ticket Agent 



SHOE T- TRIP G U1DE. —ANNO UNCEMEN TS. 



AFTERNOON BOAT 



NEW YORK to WEST POINT, NEWBURG, POUGHKEEPSIE, 

RONDOUT and KINGSTON. 




THE SPLENDID AND FAVORITE STEAMER 

MAR Y POWELL 

Leaves New York, every afternoon at 3.30, from VESTRY 
STREET PIER, for WEST POINT, NEWBURG, 
POUGHKEEPSIE, RONDOUT and KINGSTON; 
landing at CORNWALL, MILTON, and other popular 
places ; passing 

Through the Highlands by Daylight, 

and affording unequalled facilities for reaching the places 
named, and enjoying the noble scenery of the river, as well 
as reaching, in the most convenient manner, that charming 
place of summer resort in the Catskill Mountains — 

The Overlook Mountain House. 

Returning, leaves Rondout every morning at 5.30 A. M., 
reaching New York at 10.30. 



AMERICAN HOTELS. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

STANWIX HALL, 

ALBANY, NEW YORK. 



ZDIEL^V^IINr ZPZEOIKl, ^ZROIPZEtlZETO-Et. 



Large and commodious hotel, situated on Broadway, near the railroad 
stations and steamboat landings, and within a very- 
short distance of the Capitol and other 
public buildings. 



THE STANWIX 

has the reputation, acquired through many years of careful attention 
and extensive patronage, of being the 

BEST HOTEL OF ALBANY. 



BARNUM'S HOTEL 

Cot. Broadivay and Twentieth St., 
NEW YORK CITY. 



European and American plan. Most central and brilliant locality in the 
city. All modern improvements. 

THEKON IB .A. IR UNT TJ 3VC , 

(Of Bamwn's Hotel, St, Lowis,) 

PROPRIETOR. 



SHOE T- TRIP a UIDE, —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




BEEYOOET HOUSE, 

NEW YORK. 



This well-known Hotel is located on Fifth Avenue, corner of Eighth 
Street, near Washington Square, one of the most delightful locations, 
combining the quiet retirement of a private mansion with easy accesi 
to all parts of the city. The Brevoort has always been a favorite with 
Europeans visiting the United States ; the plan upon which it is kept 
being such as to specially commend it to those accustomed to European 
habits. CLARK &c WAITE, Proprietors. 



SHORT- TRIP U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 
THE 

GILSEY HOUSE, 

Corner Broadway and 29TH Street. 

nSTEJ^W YORK. 



One of the most complete and thoroughly-appointed 
Hotels in America, with Passenger-Lift and all modern 
conveniences and improvements ; and most conveni- 
ently located for all purposes of residence or visit. 

BRESLIN, GARDNER & CO., 

Proprietors. 



In connection with the Gilsey House, the 

GRAND UNION HOTEL, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, 

NEW YORK. 



One of the largest in the world, situated in grounds 
of peculiar extent and beauty, containing 

700 Private Parlors and Bed- Rooms, 

and second to none on either continent, in every detail 
of luxurious comfort. 

BRESLIN, GARDNER & CO. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




WEST END HOTEL, 

Long Branch, N. J. 
P RES BURY &> HILDRETH, Proprietors. 

GEO. G. PRESBURY, JR. D. M. HILDRETH. 



SHORT-TRIP G (TIDE.— ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



HOWLAND'S HOTEL, 

Long Branch, N. J. 



H, Howlaup k Son, Proprietors. 

One of the oldest established houses on the Long 
Branch shore ; recently rebuilt with all modern im- 
provements ; and for many years 

- Ji FIIjST FAVORITE ft A FAMILY HOTEL, 

Coaches at all Trains during the Season. 

PAVILION HOTEL, 

Long Branch, N. J. 



SAMUEL C. MORRIS, Proprietor. 

This House is situated on the margin of the Atlan- 
tic Ocean, embracing a front of over two hundred 
and fifty feet. 

Families wishing to spend the season at a watering 
place can be accommodated in the most comfortable 
manner and on moderate terms. 

Particular attention paid to the comfort of Ladies. 



COACHES AT ALL TRAINS. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

COZZENS' HOTEL, 

West Point, N. Y. 

EDWARD COZZENS, Proprietor. 



Coaches will await the arrival of every Train and Steam- 
boat at cozzens' dock to convey passengers 
to the Hotel 

Passengers via Hudson River R. R. should stop at 

GARRISON'S STATION, 

AND TAKE FERRY BOAT TO COZZENS' LANDING. 



SPECIAL TERMS 
Offered to Families taking Rooms for a Term of Weeks. 

United States Hotel, 

NEWBURGH, N. Y. 

This Hotel has been rebuilt and newly furnished through- 
out. It has now all the modern improvements. Charges 
$3.00 per day. Special arrangements by the week. 

GOODSELL BROS., Proprietors. 



The Oak Grove Cottages, 

Highland Falls, N. Y. 

One and a half miles from West Point, and a quarter of a mile from 
the famous Cozzens' West Point Hotel. Will be opened under the 
supervision of LOUIS F. GOODSELL, late of Cozzens' West Point 
Hotel, and Powelton House, Newburgh. Families wishing Board for 
a few weeks during the summer months, in a quiet and healthy neigh- 
borhood, accessible by Hudson River R.R. and all the Day Boats (stop- 
ping at Cozzens' Landing), can make favorable arrangements. 
Address 

GOODSELL BROS., 

Highland Falls, N. Y, 

(Near West Point.) 



SHOE T- TRIP G U1DB. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

Fort William Henry Hotel, 

LAKE GEORGE. 



This magnificent house is located at the most 
beautiful spot on the shore of " Horicon" (the site 
of old Fort William Henry) ; is fitted with all modern 
conveniences, and has accommodations for nine hun- 
dred persons. 

OPEN" JXJaSTE 1st. 
Special Terms made with. Families for the Season. 



IN CONNECTION, 



THE ARLINGTON, 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

Admitted to be the most thoroughly enjoyable of 
all the hotels of the National Metropolis, in location, 
arrangement and management. 

T. ROESSLE & SON, 

Owners and Proprietors. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIBE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

International Hotel 

Niagara Falls. 




J. T. FULTON, Jr., Proprietor. 

This magnificent Hotel is the largest and most 
pleasantly situated of any at Niagara. Being the 
nearest to the Falls, and the only one containing all 
modern improvements, it offers inducements to the 
traveling public which are unexcelled. A splendid 
addition, extending 

OVER ioo FEET INTO THE RAPIDS, 

has just been completed, adding a large number of 
Magnificent Rooms directly overlooking the 
River. Also, 

Three Elegant Parlors, 

which in point of beauty, and the splendid views of 
the Rapids and Falls they afford, cannot be surpassed. 
Guests may rely upon receiving every comfort and 
attention. 

Omnibuses and Porters at all Trains. 

Railroad, Steamboat and TelegraphOffices in the Hotel. 



JSHOB T- TRIP G TILDE. —ANNO UNGEMENTS. 



CLIFTON HOUSE, 

Niagara Falls. 

{Canada Side.) 

COLBURN & McOMBER, Proprietors. 



Has advantages over all others, in the unequaled view 
of the Falls and Rapids, to be obtained from the windows 
and piazzas of the Hotel. 

Rooms en suite or singly. Superior accommodations 
for families spending the season. Transient board at 
reasonable terms. Commutation Tickets for passing over 
the New Suspension Bridge, immediately adjoining. 

Attendance excellent ', and rates moderate. 

THE 



Russell House, 

OTTAWA, 

Canada. 




This Hotel is the largest and only first-class house in the city. 
It is fitted, furnished and kept as an unexceptional first-class 
Hotel, combining modern elegance, comfort and economy. It 
has ample accommodation for five hundred guests, and is delight- 
fully and centrally situated, being in close proximity to the Parlia- 
ment Buildings, the Post Office, and all the points of interest. 



SHOE T- TE1P G UIDE. —A NNO UNCEMENTS. 



AMERICAN HOUSE. 

BOSTON, MASS. 
Lewis Rice & Son, Proprietors. 




The largest First Class Hotel in New England. 



Centrally located on Hanover Street. 



Convenient to the Railroads, Theatres, Post Office, and the 
great Business Centre of Boston. The American House contains 
400 Apartments and 50 Suites of Rooms, with all conveniences 
and modern improvements, and is furnished in the most sumpt- 
uous manner. Bath- Rooms and Water Conveniences adjoin the 
Apartments. Billiard Halls, Telegraph Office, and a 
Cafe, are connected with the Hotel, which is noted throughout 
the States for Cleanliness and Comfort. 

Tuft's Improved Elevator or Vertical Railway is at the 
service of Guests from 6.00 a. m. till midnight, affording easy ac- 
cess to all the Stories and Rooms in the House. The Apartments, 
with conveniences before named, are particularly desirable for 
Families and Summer Travelers. Carriages may be obtained 
at the Hotel. Families, Tourists, and the Traveling Public will 
find every accommodation and comfort at this long-established and 
favorite house. ( 

TERMS: $4.00 and $3.00 per day. 



SH OR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



WELDEN HOUSE, 




ST. ALBANS, VERMONT. 



T. Lavender, Prop. \ P. M. Brigham, Chf. Clerk. 

BATES HOUSE, 

Nearly opposite the Depot, 
RUTLAND, VERMONT. 



PAIGE & TOLHURST, Proprietors. 



W. F. PAIGE. 



D. TOLHURST. 



F. M. PIERCE, Clerk. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIBE. -ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



ST. LAWRENCE HALL, 




MONTREAL, 



F. GERIKEN, 



CANADA. 



Proprietor. 



The St. Lawrence is the largest and most fashion- 
able Hotel in the city ; is patronized by the Govern- 
ment on all public occasions, as well as by H. R. H. 
the Prince of Wales, H. E. the Governor-General, 
and H. I. H. the Grand Duke Alexis. 

It is capable of accommodating comfortably over 
500 people. During the past winter has been painted 
and renovated throughout, and entirely refurnished. 

fgip'The proprietor would respectfully solicit a 
continuance of the large English, American, and other 
traveling and resident patronage, so long Extended to 
this favorite house and his A^edecessor. 



SHOR T- TRIP UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



OTTAWA HOTEL, 




Fronting on St. James Street, and 

Opening on Notre Dame Street, 

MONTREAL, P. Q., Canada. 



C. S. Browne & J. Q. Perley, Proprietors, 



SARATOGA 





' ' ■' s ^ \ STt *k ...-^BOSTON 

.' ' /sPRINCFIELff/S -r ..-•* ?C\^. 



z "p-MARTFORD; / § 



©PRWIDENtrt 



Surf Bathing 

Everything 
Delightful. 

Moderate Charges. 

Philadelphia 

References. 



M^^^h^ *%n £s#B8R circulars 

/^^^"^7T^^^ tvmv *^U ^ Forwarded, 

WLZ£Ly=~sz^'Sm^ ^ block I. — 

«oc^ Ay % A g^ p L|M pj GN 

PLIMPTON HOUSE, watch hill,' 

On the Seashore, Rhode Island. 

. (Near Stonington, Conn.* 

WATCH HILL, R. I. 



,<£> 



SHOR T-TRIP VIDE— ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

Rossin House Hotel, 




TORONTO, CANADA. 
G. P. SHEARS, Proprietor. 



This splendid and commodious Hotel is located on 
York and King Streets, in the most interesting portion of 
the city, equally convenient to the Lake Side, the Railway 
Station, Steamboat Wharves, &c, and to Osgoode Hall, 
the splendid grounds of the University, etc. 

The Hotel is finished and furnished with every regard 
to comfort and luxury ; has hot and cold water, with Baths 
and Closets on each floor. The Parlors and Bed Rooms 
are large and well ventilated, and arranged for private 
parties and families ; and it is believed to well deserve its 
reputation as 

One of the most thoroughly First-Class. 
Hotels in the Dominion. 



Every attention and Reasonable Charges. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




LA PIERRE HOUSE, 

BROAD ST., NEAR CHESTNUT, PHILADELPHIA. 

J. B BUTTE RWORTH, Proprietor. 

1=3^ Passenger Lift, Telegraph Office, and all modern improvements 

and luxuries. 

MOUNT VERNON HOTEL, 

8 1 West Monument Street, 
BALTIMORE. 



Conducted on the European Plan. 

This superb edifice, located in the most fashionable 
part of the city, is now open for the reception of guests. 
Its appointments are of the most approved character, 
and the tables are supplied with every luxury this and 
foreign markets afford. It has heretofore been patron- 
ized extensively by European travellers, as well as by 
men of eminence and distinction of this country. 

E. V. WESTCOTT, Proprietor. 



SHORT- TR1T GUIDE.— ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




THE 



CONTINENTAL HOTEL 



PHILADELPHIA . 



J. E. KINGSLEY & CO.. Proprietors. 



One of the largest and most magnificent Hotels in 
America, located on 

CHESTNUT ST., COR. NINTH, 

At the actual centre of the city and convenient to 
places of amusement and all points of interest. Has 
500 rooms ; passenger elevator ; two great lines of 
telegraph to all points ; every variety of carriage fa- 
cility ; is passed by street cars, and offers every at- 
traction, alike for the hurried visits of the tourist or 
for more leisurely residence. 



SHORT-TRIP G TJ1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 




"ifiii 



1 

■ft*-.- , 
1 ■: lipilf 




4»'' ii -ill 



THE 



GRAND PACIFIC HOTEL, 

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, 

U. S. A, 



{From the Aldine, New York, May ist, 1873.J 
" Opposite the Government Building towers a worthy neighbor^ 
the Grand Pacific Hotel, the largest Hotel structure in the world, 
occupying a square bounded by Clark, Lasalle, Jackson and Quincy 
Sts., an area of over 60,000 square feet, seven stories in height. It 
was nearly completed at the time of the fire, and has been rebuilt 
on a still better scale. It will represent, when finished and furnished, 
a value of $3,000,000. The fronts on three streets, an extent of 750 
feet, rising 104 feet from the street grade, are in Amherst sandstone. 
Beiore the present number of the Aldine reaches its readers,. 
Messrs. Gage Brothers & Rice, the lessees of the Grand Pacific 
for twenty years, will have opened its doors to their guests." 



SHORT- TRIP G VIDE.— ANNO UN CEMENTS. 




THE GARDNER HOUSE, 



CHICAGO, 



ILLINOIS. 



Facing the Lake and Public Park, 



Most elegantly located and fashionable Hotel in the 
"Queen City of the Lakes." 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



Natural Bridge Hotel, 



ROCKBRIDGE CO., VIRGINIA. 



A. LEAR, Superintendent. 



This commodious and well-situated Hotel is in the immediate neighbor- 
hood of that unparalleled -wonder of nature, the NATURAL BRIDGE, 
admitted to be among the grandest of the reek-works of the continent 
and far superior to the world-famed Giant's Causeway of Ireland. 

The Hotel offers comfortable accommodations for ioo guests, and offers 
a pleasant Summer Home for families. 

Connections to the Bridge and Hotel, by stage from Goshen Depot of 
the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad ; by stage from Bonsack's, Ohio and 
Mississippi Railroad ; by stage from Gilmore's Mill, Chesapeake and 
Ohio Canal, from Lynchburg and Richmond. 

Pavilion Hotel, 
berkeley springs, 

West Virginia. 



A. R. POTTS, Manager. 



The Pavilion is the leading house of this old and justly celebrated 
Bathing and Watering Place ; is laige, commodious and well kept, and 
supplies the 

PLE/LS/INTEST SUMMER RESORT Ii\ VIRGIN^. 

£2=?"™ The most extensive and perfectly arranged Medicinal Baths in 
America, connected with the Hotel. 

^W° Easily accessible by brief stage-ride from Sir John's Run, sta- 
tion of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from Baltimore, Washington, 
or the West. 



SE0RT-TR1P GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Weyer's Cave Hotel, 

AUGUSTA COUNTY, - Virginia, 

A. MOHLER, Proprietor. 

This hotel stands immediately at the entrance of WEYER'S CAVE, 
one of the greatest natural curiosities of America, and one of the most 
extensive and beautiful subterranean passages in any land (made espec- 
ially famous by the artist and author " Porte Crayon.") 

The hotel is very complete and commodious in its arrangements. 
Guides for the Cave supplied here onlv. 

Reached by carriage or stage from Weyer's Cave Depot, on the Val- 
ley Railroad, four miles distaut; or from Staunton (Chesapeake and 
Ohio Road) or Harrisonburg. 

|&" Telegraph and other increased facilities for tourists and sum- 
mer visitors, in process of completion. 

BALLARD HOUSE 

AND 

EXCHANGE HOTEL 

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



J. L. CARRINGTON, Proprietor. 

The two leading fashionable hotels of Richmond, kept in connection, 
elegantly furnished, and offering the world-famous " Virginia Welcome" 
to travelers. 



NORVELL HOUSE, 

LYNCHBURG, 

VIRGINIA 



HOLT & TERRY, Proprietors. 



Largest and best arranged hotel in the city. The 
only one on Main Street, and most convenient to 
Banks, Telegraph Offices, and all business houses. 

jjgip* Omnibus free from the Station. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

NATIONAL HOTEL, 

LEXINGTON, 

Virginia. 



A. A. PITMAN, Proprietor, 

$W Stage and Posting- House for Natural Bridge, 
Jordan Alum, Rockbridge Alum, and Rockbridge 
Bath (Springs). 

This House has been enlarged, thoroughly renovated, and well 
furnished, and will be kept as well as any House in the State of Vir- 
ginia, and at prices as moderate. To Excursion Parties every 
facility and information will be given, and deduction in Bills of such 
parties. FAMILIES taken by the week or month, at reasonable 
rates. 

Attached to the Hotel, Stage and Express Office, Telegraph Office, 
and first-class Livery. 

EFFINGER HOUSE 

HARRISONBURG, 

Virginia. 



J. P. EFFINGER, Proprietor. 

^" Posting-House for WEYER'S CAVE. 

AMERICAN HOTEL 

STAUNTON. 

Virginia. 
MeCHESNEY & CO., Proprietors. 

Principal Station of the CHESAPEAKE & OHIO RAILROAD. 



SH0RT-TE1P GUIDE,— ANNOUNCEMENTS 



Charleston Hotel 




CHARLESTON, S. C. 



E. H. JACKSON & CO., 



PROPRIETORS. 



SHORT- TEIP G UIDE—ANNO UNGEMENTS. 



THE 

SCREVEN HOUSE, 

SAVANNAH, GA. 



R. BRADLEY & SON, Proprietors. 



This popular house is now open for the reception of guests, 
and was never more replete with all the attractions which 
have heretofore made it so great a favorite with the traveling 
public. 

To the old friends of the house the cordial assurance is 
tendered that its past earned reputation is fully maintained, 
and to those who have not hitherto favored it with their pat- 
ronage entire satisfaction is guaranteed. The location is 
most desirable — the internal arrangements convenient and 
comfortable, and the organization complete in all depart- 
ments. The table is supplied with the best that the Boston, 
New York, Baltimore and Savannah markets afford, and the 
£tnsine is unexceptionable. 

Since the last season a handsome Billiard-room, furnished 
with the most approved style of tables, has been added to 
the house, which, with a well-conducted bar and Wine-room 
and a comfortably fitted Barber Shop, cannot fail to contribute 
to the comfort and pleasure of the guests. 

The whole under the immediate management of the pro- 
prietors, assisted by Mr. J. W. Tuttle, so long and so favor- 
ably known in connection with the house, who is as anxious 
:as ever to greet his old friends and make new ones. 

Particular attention is given to letters and telegrams asking 
that rooms be reserved, and also to securing sections in 
Sleeping-Cars, and State Rooms in Steamers, our facilities 
for doing so being complete. Comfortable Omnibuses and 
Carriages will meet all arriving Trains and Steamers. 

Through passengers will do well to take the Screven 
House Omnibus. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




MONTGOMERY STREET, 

Extending from Bush to Sutter Street, 

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 

The " Occidental ' ' contains 412 rooms ; Bath rooms on every floor. 
One of Otis Bros. Passenger Elevators, of the latest improved style, 
runs from 6 a. m. to 12 p. m. for the accommodation of the Guests. 



SI10R T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



COSMOPOLITAN HOTEL, 




COR. BUSH AND SANSOME STREETS, 



SAN FRANCISCO, 



CALIFORNIA. 



H. H. PEARSON, - - - Proprietor. 

(LATE OF THE RUS3 HOUSE.) 



H^This first-class and popular Hotel has all modern 
improvements, including one of 

Millers Patent Safety Car Elevators. 



SHOR T- TR IP U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 

Mammotli Grove Hotel, 

Calaveras County, California. 



SDPERRY'S HOTEL, 

Murphy's, Calaveras Co. 



SPERRY & PERRY, Proprietors. 

Trains leave Stockton daily for the Grove, connecting with 
daily line for Yo-Semite. 

TAHOE HOTJSE, 

LAKE TAHOE, 
Fourteen Miles from Truckee mid the C, P. R. R. 



Lake Tahoe is 6,412 feet above the level of the sea, 35 
miles long and 16 miles wide. A fine steamer will convey 
all persons from the Tahoe House who may desire to visit 
the Hot Springs, Emerald Bay, or any other point on the Lake. 

HUTCHINGS' HOTEL, 

Yo-Semite Valley, 

CALIFORNIA. 



The Hotel located farthest up the Valley, and nearest to 
the great points of interest. 

Guides and all information. 

Telegraph Office to San Francisco and all connections. 



1 



NEW YORK SPECIALTIES. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

American Express System between all parts of 
Europe and the United States. 

North Atlantic Forwarding 

AND 

EXPRESS COMPANY. 



NEW YORK OFFICES, 48 BROADWAY. 

Philadelphia, - - 624 Chestnut Street. 



Chartered by Special Act of Incorporation. 

CAPITAL, . , , . . $2,000,000. 



Central European Office, 

5 RUE SCRIBE, PARIS. 

Principal Office in Great Britain, 

4 MOORGATE STREET, LONDON, E. C. 
B. W. & H. HORNE, Agents. 

Branch Offices :— Golden Cross, Charing Cross; George and Blue 
Boar, High Holborn; 108 New Bond St.; 474K New Oxford St. 

Office in Liverpool :— 24 Old Castle Buildings. 

Continental Offices:— 82 Rue d'Orleans, Havre; 88 Rodingsmarkt, 
Hamburg ; 29 Bahnhofs Strasse, Bremen; 4 Schenkel-Elatz, Berlin; 
Portgasse No. 22, Vienna. 

MERCHANDISE AND PACKAGES 

OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, 

Forwarded and delivered in any part of the United States, at 

fixed tarU rates covering all charges for passing 

through Custom House, &c. 

Circulars giving full tariff of rates and all information, sent free on 
application to either of the Company's offices. 

W. B. FARWELL, General Sup't. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

John F. Trow & Son, 
<P JR I JST T JEJ <H 3 



AND 



OOKBINDERS, 

Combine in their Extensive Premises, 

205 to 213 East Twelfth Street, 

NEW YORK, 

The resources of several of the oldest and largest Printing 
Houses in America. 

They are constantly adding improvements both in the 

BINDING AND PRINTING 

DEPARTMENTS, 

And offer to publishers facilities unequalled in this country for 
the rapid and accurate production of books. 



ALL. ORDERS FOR 
PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. 



Estimates for binding or printing furnished on application. 



SHOE T- TRIP Q U1DE.—ANN0 UNCEMENTS. 



PRINTING-HOUSE 



OF 

A. G MACLAUCHLAN, 

(Late of the Firm of Poole & Maclatjchlan, 
heretofore announced in this Guide.) 

Nos. 145 and 147 Mulberry Street, 

Near Grand St., » - - - NEW YORK. 



Every facility is possessed by this newly-arranged and 
extensive house, with convenient location, and 



FULL STOCK 

OT THE 



Best Modern Printing Material, 

FOR DOING 

BOOK, PAMPHLET, LAW, COMMERCIAL, 

AND OTHEE WORK, WITH 
UNEQUALLED RAPIDITY, 

THOROUGH CORRECTNESS, 

AND AT 

PRICES ALWAYS REASONABLE. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

HOME JOURNAL. 

29th Year. 
Enlarged and Improved. 

A survey of the leading departments will give those not 
familiar with the paper an idea of its range. It comprises Edi- 
torials on topics of fresh interest ; Brilliant Romances and Por- 
traitures of American Life ; Editorial Reviews of new events in 
the world of Belles-Lettres, Painting, Sculptures, Science, Music, 
and the Drama ; Essays ; Ample Excerpts from the best Euro- 
pean Writers ; Spicy Letters from Correspondents in all the 
great Capitals of the world; Copious Extracts from New Books; 
and racy accounts of sayings, happenings, and doings in the 
Beau Monde ; embracing the very freshest matters of interest in 
this country and in Europe — the whole completely mirroring the 
wit and wisdom, the humor and pathos, the news and sparkling 
gossip of the times. 

Home Journal Clubs. 

THE HOME JOURNAL and any $4 periodical (either 
Harper's Magazine, Harper's Weekly, Harper's Bazaar, Atlantic 
Monthly, Scribner's Monthly, the Galaxy, Lippincott's Maga- 
zine, Appleton's Journal, Blackwood's Magazine, Westminster 
Review, or any of the English Quarterlies republished here,) will 
be sent for $5, the full price being $7. 

THE HOME JOURNAL and St. Nicholas, a Juvenile Maga- 
zine, for $4 25 ; full rates $6. HOME JOURNAL and Littell's 
Living Age for $8.50 ; full price $11. HOME JOURNAL and 
Frank Leslie's Ladies' Journal or Illustrated Newspaper, $5.; 
full rates $7. 

Subscribers (both new and old) forming clubs for the HOME 
JOURNAL alone will receive it at the rate of three copies one 
year, or one copy three years, for $6 ; six copies one year, $10. 
Single subscriptions $3 a year. Subscriptions will take date im- 
mediately, or at any time the subscribers prefer. 

Address, 

MORRIS PHILLIPS & CO., 

No. 3 Park Place, New York City. 



SH0RT-TB1P GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

THE ALDINE: 

The Art Journal of America. 

An Illustrated Monthly Jozirnal, universally admitted to be the Hand- 

somest Periodical in the world. A Representative and 

Champion of American Taste. 

THE ALDINE, while issued with all the regularity, has none of 
the temporary or timely interest characteristic of ordinary periodicals. 
It is an elegant miscellany of pure, light, and graceful literature; 
and a collection of pictures, the rarest specimens of artistic skill, in 
black and white. Although each succeeding number affords a fresh 
pleasure to its friends, the real value and beauty of THE ALDINE 
will be most appreciated after it has been bound up at the close of 
the year. 

The illustrations of THE ALDINE , have won a world-wide re- 
putation, and in the art centres of Europe it is an admitted fact that 
its wood-cuts are examples of the highest perfection ever attained. 
The finest views of both the Old and New Worlds, are given con- 
tinually, in alternation with the noblest productions of the Best 
Masters in the pictorial art; while the literary matter is under the 
ablest supervision, and supplied by the most popular pens in Europe 
and America. 

HEP* Every subscriber to THE ALDINE, for 1874, will receive as 
premium the noble pair of Chromos by Thomas Moran, " The 
East" and "The West." 

# \ Monthly copies, 50 cents. Obtainable only by subscription. 

JAMES SUTTON & CO., Publishers, 

No. 58 Maiden Lane, New York. 



THE 



Aldine Printing - House 

or 

JAMES SUTTON & CO., 

23 Liberty Street, - - NEW YORK, 

has trie established reputation of performing the very 
best work in the line of typographical art, and. enjoys 
the highest class of BOOK, LAW, PAMPHLET, and 
COMMERCIAL PATRONAGE. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



COOK'S 
Excursions, Tours, 

AND 

General Traveling Arrangements, 

COOK, SON & JENKINS, 261 Broadway, N. Y. 
THOMAS COOK & SON, Fleet Street, London. 



PIONEERS, INAUGURATORS and PROMOTERS 
of the principal Systems of Tours established in Great Britain and Ird» 
land and the Continent of Europe, have opened a Branch 
of their House in America, and are now giving 
increased attention to ordinary trav- 
eling arrangements, 

"With a view to rendering it 

EASY, PRACTICABLE fl$ ECOf MIC^L 

During the past thirty-three years, over four million travelers have 
visited near and distant points, under their management, safely and 
pleasantly. 

Their arrangements are now so extensive, that they cover portions 
of the four quarters of the Globe. 

At their offices can be found the Railway and Steamship Tickets used 
by the travelers for a journey through parts of 

Europe, Asia, Africa & America. 

These Tickets allow one or more individuals to travel at any time, by 
any train steamer or diligence by the route specified. They are first or 
second-class, and allow breaks of journey at all places of interest to the 
tourist or pleasure seeker. The great advantages derived from then- 
system are the prevention of loss from exchange of money, through 
the differences of currencies in a European or Oriental tour, the pre- 
vention of imposition, overcharges, etc, etc., and the fact tbat most 
of the tickets are at reductions varying from ten to forty-five per cent, 
from the ordinary fares, while all the tickets issued by them give the 
holder privileges which the ordinary tickets do not. Those contem- 
plating atour to Europe should apply personally or by letter to Messrs. 
Cook, Son & Jenkins, giving an outline of the tour they wish to take; 
in reply to which a quotation will be given, showing the total ex- 
pense, including, if desired, hotel accommodations. 

^- COOK'S EXCURSIONIST, published monthly, contains de- 
tailsof more than 1,000 different Tours, Routes, Expenses, etc. Price 
10 cents. Free by mail 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



American DistrictTelegraph 

coisdiFA-nsr^". 

One of the Company's Instruments will place at im- 
mediate control 

A POLICEMAN, day and night. 

A MESSENGER, to run errands day and night ! 

THE NIGHT PATROL, perfectly organized, visit- 
ing and inspecting the House at Night, while the 
occupants sleep in peace. 

THE COMPANY'S FIRE BRIGADE, Police with 
Fire Extinguisher. 

THE CITY FIRE DEPARTMENT, which will be 
notified instantly in case of Fire, and a 

TELEGRAPHIC OPERATOR of the Western 
Union, who will send despatches to any part of the 
world. 

ALL FOR $2.50 PER MONTH! 



DISTRICT OFFICES : 



102 Broad Street, 
6 

31 Nassau Street, 
254 Broadway, 



397 Broadway, 

516 

704 

791 
907 



1208 Broadway, 

649 Sixth Avenue, 

812 

1000 " 



H. L. HOTCHKISS, 

Sedy & Treas. 

W. H. SAWYER, 

General SufiH. 

GENERAL OFFICE, 62 BROAD W A Y, N. Y. 



W. ANDREWS 

President. 

E. B. GRANT, 

Vice-Pres. 



AMERICAN SPECIALTIES. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



European Tourists in America, 

AS WELL AS 

Wide -Awake American Travelers, 

Making journeys in their own land, should always secure the 

PERFECTION OF LUXURIOUS COMFORT, 



BY TAKING THE 



D 



LLMAfi PALACE CJU|S, 



On all Trains to which they are attached, as they are on 
nearly all the 

Best and Most Reliable Roads. 



Enquiry will establish the fact that the 

CHARGES ARE VERY MODERATE 

On all the Pullman Cars ; thus supplying a comfort and 

luxury 

Beyond any First— Class Car in Etirope, 

At the merest trifle beyond the ordinary fare. 



On long routes, the 

PULLMAN SLEEPING-COACHES 

Are on all hands admitted to be indispensable as well as 
unequaled. 



BH0BT-TB1P GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



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SHORT-TRIP GUIDE— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 
CHEAP FARMS ! FREE HOMES ! 

ON THE LINE OF THE 

UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD I 

A Land grant of 13,000,000 acres of the best Farming and Min- 
eral Lands of America. 

3,000,000 Acres in Nebraska, in the Great 
Platte Valley, 

THE GARDEN OF THE WEST, NOW FOR SALE I 

These lands are in the central portion of the United States, on the 41st 
degree of North Latitude, the central line of the great Temperate Zone 
of the American Continent, and for grain growing and stock raising un- 
surpassed by any in the United States. 

Cheaper in Price, More Favorable Terms Given, and More 
Convenient to Market than can be found Elsewhere. 

FIVE AND TEN YEARS' CREDIT GIVEN, WITH INTEREST 
AT SIX PER CENT. 

COLONISTS and ACTUAL SETTLERS can buy on Ten Years' 
Credit. LANDS at the Same Price to all CREDIT PURCHASERS. 



A Deduction of Ten Per Cent, for Cash. 



FREE HOMESTEADS FOR ACTUAL SETTLERS. 



THE BEST LOCATIONS FOR COLONIES. 



PERSONS OF FOREIGN BIRTH 

ARE ENTITLED TO THE 

BENEFIT OF THE HOMESTEAD LA IV 

On declaring their intention to become citizens of the United States, and 
may avail themselves of this provision immediately 

AFTER THEIR ARRIVAL. 



FREE PASSES TO PURCHASERS OF LAND. 

Send for new Descriptive Pamphlet, with new Maps, published la 
English, German, Swedish and Danish, mailed free everywhere. 

Address, 

O. F. DAVIS, 

Land Commissioner, U. P. R. R. Co., Omaha, Nebraska, U. S. A. 



SHOBT-TRIP QUIDS.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



THE NE1V NORTHWEST. 



The Fertile Belt of country — 1,800 miles long, and at least 700 in width 
— extending from Lake Superior to Puget Sound, and now being devel- 
oped by the rapid construction of the Northern Pacific Railroad, is 
Erobably not surpassed by any area of like extent on the continent for 
ealthfulness, abundance and diversity of resources, and capacity for 
sustaining a dense population. Besides its wealth of Minerals and Tim- 
ber, it admirably combines the three essentials of a good farming and 
grazing country, namely— a temperate Climate, a naturally rich Soil, 
and a fair supply of moisture. 

The climate of Central Minnesota (the coldest point on the Northern 
Pacific Road), is much like that of Central New York — without its damp- 
ness and chill. From Minnesota westward the seasons grow steadily 
milder, modified by the great depression of the continent along the 46th 
parallel, the warm winds from the Pacific Ocean, and other influences, 
so that Dakota has the climate of Iowa, with a drier atmosphere | the 
valleys of Montana that of Ohio, with less snow and without its winter 
discomfort • Washington and Oregon, like California, have the winter 
climate of Southern Virginia, with summers like those of New England. 
The entire line of the road lies considerably south of the latitude of Paris 
and Vienna. The remarkable healthfulness of the climate of the New 
North-west has become proverbial. 

THE WHEAT FIELD OF AMERICA ! 

Healthful Climate, Free Homes, Good Markets. 

THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD offers for sale its LANDS 
IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN MINNESOTA, embracing ; 1— The 
best of Wheat Land ; 2— Excellent Timber for the Mill, the Farm and 
the Fire : 3— Rich Prairie Pasturage and Natural Meadow, watered by 
clear Lakes and running streams— in a Healthful Climate, where Fever 
and Ague is unknown. 

GRAIN can be shipped hence by Lake to Market as cheaply as from 
Eastern Iowa or Central Illinois. Cars now run through these Lands 
from Lake Superior to Dakota. Price of land close to track, $4.00 to $8.00 
per acre ; further away, $2.50 to $4.00. Seven Years' Credit ; Warrantee 
Deeds ; Northern Pacific 7-30 Bonds, now selling at par, received for 
land at $1.10. No other unoccupied Lands present such advantages to 
settlers. 

SOLDIERS under the New Law (March 1872), get 160 acres FREE, 
near the Railroad, by one and two years' residence. 

TRANSPORTATION AT REDUCED RATES furnished from all 
principal points East to purchasers of Railroad Lands, and to settlers on 
Government Homesteads. Purchasers, their wives and children carried 
free over the Northern Pacific Road. Now is the time for Settlers and 
Colonies to get Railroad Land and Government Homesteads close to 
the track. 

Send for PAMPHLET containing full information, map and copy of 
New Homestead Law. Address 

Land Department, Northern Pacific Railroad, 

St. Paul, Minnesota, or, 23 Fifth Ave.. New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



Travelers' Official Guide 

OF THE 

RAILWAYS 

AND 

STEAM NAVIGATION LINES 

IN THE 

UNITED STATES & CANADA. 



The only Guide recognized by the United States Gov- 
ernment, and railroad officers, as the standard authority 
for time, distances, and other statistics relative to rail- 
roads. 

PUBLISHED MONTHLY. 

under the auspices of the General Ticket Agents* Asso- 
ciation, and sold by all news agents and periodical dealers 
throughout the United States and Canada ; also, at the 
various railroad depots, and on trains. This is the 

BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM 

in the country, and from its large circulation, affords un- 
usual advantages to merchants and manufacturers. 

For further particulars, as to prices of advertising, etc., 
applicatioa should be made to the 

GENERAL EDITOR, 

233 South Fifth Street, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 



CLYDE'S 

Coastwise and IV est India 

STEAMSHIP LINES. 



TEXA.S LINE, touching at Key West, Fla. Steamers sail every 
Saturday from Pier 20, E. R. 

SOU~H CAROLINA LINE, between New York and Charles- 
ton, S. C. ; through Tickets to all points in South Carolina, 
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana. Steamers 
sail Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, from Pier 29, N. R. 

NJW YORK AND HAVANA DIRECT MAIL LINE, 
having in service the largest passenger Steamers out of New 
York. Steamers for HAVANA direct every week, from Pier 
13. N. R. 



The above Steamers are all new, and have all the improved 
passenger accommodations, State Rooms on deck, &>c. For 
Information apply to 

W. P. CLYDE & CO.. Managers, 
No. 6 Bowling Green, N. Y. 



Messrs. WAGNER, HUGER & CO., 1 

AND \ Agents, 

WM. A. COURTENAY, ) 

Charleston, S. C. 

OAN'L McK ELLAR, Agent, 

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